从供应链分析探讨传统出口型外贸企业的发展战略

从分析传统外贸企业在国际供应链中的地位入手,研究了传统外贸企业的现有功能和功能扩展空间,从而提出传统外贸企业应该坚持加强供应链管理、加强战略合作伙伴关系的建设,并努力实现信息化的战略发展方向。     

三种观赏植物水培营养液配方初步研究

采用不同配方的营养液对彩叶凤梨、小叶榕和天竺葵进行了水培试验.结果表明:3 种植物对不同配方营养液有不同的适应性,大量元素为11.5 mg/L(以下单位同)NH4 -N 140.2 NO3--N 93.0 P 312.0 P 80.0 Ca 18.3 Mg 45.0 S的营养液(pH 6.12,EC 为1.32 ms/cm)较适合彩叶凤梨和小叶榕的生长,而天竺葵在大量元素为21.0 NH4 -N 137.2NO3--N 44.5 P 265.2 K 92.0 Ca 36.0 Mg 48.0 S的营养液(pH5.60,EC 为 1.35 ms/cm)中生长最好.     

Effects of grass forage species and long‐term period of low quality forage diet feeding on growth performance,nutrient utilization and microbial nitrogen yield in growing wether lambs

Six growing lambs were used to evaluate the feeding value of two forage‐based diets in a long‐term feeding period by measuring body weight (BW) gain, digestibility, nitrogen (N) retention and microbial N (MBN) yield. The animals were fed imported low‐quality timothy hay (TH) with concentrate diet (THD) or imported low‐quality Italian ryegrass straw (IR) with concentrate diet (IRD) for 9 months. The forages were offered at 2% BW, and concentrate was fed at 40% of forage intake. The BW gain averaged 82.6 and 66.2 g/day for THD and IRD, respectively, without showing significant difference. Average forage intake (% BW) was significantly greater for IR than for TH, although it was not affected by feeding periods. The digestibility did not differ between diets or periods. The numerically greater (P = 0.06) ratio of retained N to absorbed N for IRD than that for THD was prominent. Neither diet nor period had significant effect on MBN supply and efficiency of MBN synthesis. The results suggest that the IR‐based diet can be also used for long‐term periods of feeding to growing ruminant animals as a grass hay‐based diet without any detrimental effects on nutrient utilization and growth performance.     

不同供氮水平下晋荞麦3号的生长相关性分析

为了探索不同供氮水平对晋荞麦3号产量和品质的影响,得到在晋北地区甜荞种植的最适施氮量。设置了7个供氮水平：0 kg/hm²(N0)、对照45 kg/hm²(N 45)、90 kg/hm²(N 90)、135 kg/hm²(N 135)、180 kg/hm²(N 180)、225 kg/hm²(N 225)和270 kg/hm²(N 270),研究了不同供氮水平下晋荞麦3号的物候期、生长指标、产量及产量性状以及品质的变化规律。结果表明：增施氮肥会延长晋荞麦3号的生育期;随着供氮量的增加,株高、茎粗、一级分支数、主茎节数和叶面积均呈先升后降的趋势;单株粒数、单株粒重和千粒重3个产量性状随氮肥施用量的增加也呈先增后降的趋势,晋荞麦3号的产量在供氮量为180 kg/hm²时最高达到1 672.5 kg/hm²,比供氮量为45 kg/hm²的对照增产35.6%;随供氮量的增加,品...     

Temporal dynamics of nutrient and carbohydrate distribution during crop cycles of Rosa spp. ‘Kardinal’ in response to light availability

Rose plants that are flush harvested exhibit episodic growth patterns. During these crop cycles little biomass accumulation occurs immediately following harvest; and as new shoots emerge a period of rapid shoot growth and biomass accumulation occurs. The temporal changes in whole-plant nutrient and carbohydrate distribution during these crop cycles and the role of storage in new shoot growth are not well documented. The objective of this project was to quantify N, P, K, and total non-structural carbohydrates (TNC) distribution in roots, base stems, base leaves, and new shoots during crop cycles in response to light availability. Plants were grown in solution culture under high or low light (mean daily light integral 45.3 or 13.1 mol m⁻² d⁻¹, respectively) during 30–35 day crop cycles. Every five days destructive sampling was used to determine biomass and N, P, K, and TNC concentration of rose plant compartments. N and TNC accumulated in base plant compartments during the first ten days of the crop cycles. N, P, K, and TNC in base plant compartments declined during days 10–25 during a crop cycle concurrent with the rapid growth of flower shoots. N, P, and K storage in base plant parts represents 27, 22, and 24% of the potential N, P, and K required by flower shoots under high light; and 19, 21, and 22% of requirements under low light. TNC storage in base plant parts represents 4–10% of the final biomass of flower shoots. Mobilization of N, P, K, and TNC stored from base plant parts appears to be important during the stage of rapid flower shoot growth when absorption by roots or photosynthesis by shoots was insufficient to meet flower shoot demands. Plant carbohydrate status was improved under high light conditions; storage of N and TNC declined under low light.     

营养水平和酵母硒对烟台黑猪屠宰性能及肉品质的影响

本试验旨在研究不同营养水平及酵母硒对胴体性状和肉质指标的影响。选取体况良好、体重为(70.30±1.30)kg的烟台黑猪48头,公、母各半,随机分成4个处理组,每个处理组4个重复,每个重复3头。Ⅰ组饲喂低营养水平日粮(消化能11.19 MJ/kg、粗蛋白质12.28%),Ⅱ组饲喂低营养水平+0.5 mg/kg酵母硒日粮,Ⅲ组饲喂高营养水平日粮(消化能13.11 MJ/kg、粗蛋白质14.73%),Ⅳ组饲喂高营养水平+0.5 mg/kg酵母硒日粮。试验预试期为7 d,正试期为105 d。结果表明:与低营养水平组相比,高营养水平能够极显著提高烟台黑猪的胴体重(P0.01),显著提高眼肌面积和瘦肉率(P0.05);营养水平和酵母硒对烟台黑猪的肉质性状影响均不显著(P0.05),其中高营养水平有提高其肌内脂肪及肌肉风味氨基酸含量的趋势(P0.05);与未添加酵母硒组相比,添加酵母硒能够显著提高肌肉中油酸含量(P0.05),有提高其肌肉中亚油酸含量的趋势(P0.05),能够极显著提高其肌肉中硒元素含量(P0.01);营养水平和酵母硒对屠宰性能、胴体性能、肉品质等无互作效应(P0.05)。由此可见,在本试验条件下,高营养水平能够提高烟台黑猪肌内脂肪及风味氨基酸的含量;酵母硒有利于提高烟台黑猪肌肉中油酸含量,有提高亚油酸含量的趋势。     

液态复合添加剂对断奶1周内仔猪生长性能、养分消化率及血液指标的影响

本试验旨在研究仔猪断奶1周内补饲液态复合饲料添加剂对其生长性能、养分消化率、消化道p H及血液指标的影响。挑选20日龄仔猪105头,断奶前屠宰5头,其他100头在21日龄断奶后分为对照组和试验组,每组5个重复,每个重复10头猪。对照组仔猪饲喂教槽料,试验组仔猪在每次饲喂教槽料后补喂液态复合饲料添加剂(主要成分为酸化剂、中药提取物、壳寡糖、复合离子调节剂)。试验从断奶当天至断奶后第8天,共计7 d。结果表明:试验组的平均日增重高于对照组(P0.05),腹泻率显著低于对照组(P0.05);试验组粗蛋白和钙的表观消化率较对照组显著增加(P0.05);试验组仔猪断奶后第2天和第8天胃部p H、断奶后第8天十二指肠p H、断奶后第4天回肠p H均显著低于对照组(P0.05),断奶后第4天氯离子含量、断奶后第2天和第8天球蛋白、断奶后第4天和第8天血清Ig G和Ig A含量均显著高于对照组(P0.05),而断奶后第2天血清尿素氮显著低于对照组(P0.05)。由此表明,断奶1周内给仔猪补饲液态复合饲料添加剂,可降低消化道p H,提高养分消化率,并改善机体免疫功能,从而提高仔猪断奶1周内的生长性能,降低仔猪腹泻率。     

直链式食品供应链的运营特征与影响因素

以北京农业采摘园为样本,在问卷调查与SPSS分析的基础上,总结此类直链式食品供应链运营多样化、简化中间环节和高效潜力等特征,从业人员、设施、资金和季节等影响运营的因素。根据存在的问题与不足,提出采摘园应争取当地政府、银行等资源的支持,改进道路、公交等外部设施,完善园内道路、餐饮条件、停车条件、游乐环境等内部设施;通过技术下乡和一对一会诊等方式解决采摘园技术问题,通过继续教育和经验交流会等形式提高从业人员素质;运用个性化营销吸引不同类型消费者;并采用高科技和差异化种植及采摘园联盟等形式,降低季节性对运营的影响,提供一站式采摘的综合体验。     

基于数量折扣的整体供应链模型研究

为解决企业资源配置、设备运用、采购等创造整体供应链总体价值最大化的问题,建构求得最大利润的模型。通过案例分析探讨供应链中各元素之间的关系,决策者能够对供应链做出统一的规划。研究成果可为供应链中各企业在追求整体最佳的采购、生产库存及配送规划作重要的参考依据。     

2013年国内外玉米市场形势分析与展望

2013年在国内玉米供给过剩压力初露端倪的背景下,中国玉米再度丰收在望.新增供给继续增加,使得弱势运行的国内玉米市场下行压力进一步加大,目前东北产区新玉米开秤价普遍低于上年同期.随着国内新玉米上市量逐步增加,消费需求疲弱难以短期内明显改观,东北产区玉米供应压力突出,后市价格面临进一步回落的可能,建议各级政府抓紧做好各项准备工作,及时启动玉米临储收购政策,确保农民丰产、增收.国际方面,美国玉米丰收在望,带动全球玉米产量创历史新高,长期以来供求偏紧的形势得到明显缓解.国际市场呈震荡下行态势,目前价格已经回落到2010年9月以来的最低水平.