可调红蓝光子比例的LED植物光源配光设计方法

为了动态控制用于植物生长的人工光源,该文提出一种以光子数作为评价标准,使红蓝光比例连续可调的LED植物生长光源的配光方法。综合考虑红、蓝2种波段光源及其他光谱的作用,该文采用白光LED与红光LED组合配比,以正向电流下LED的光谱密度数据作为计算基础,提出配光设计算法,实现红蓝成分有效光子数维持一定的要求下,红光与蓝光光子数比在指定区间(4:1~9:1之间)连续可调,从而满足植物不同生长状态对光质成分的需要。     

Seasonal acoustic occurrence of blue,fin, and North Atlantic right whales in the New York Bight

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切花菊3个品种的飞燕草素苷合成能力分析

为了评价不同切花菊品种花瓣飞燕草素苷合成能力,以3个粉色系切花菊品种为材料,采用飞燕草素前体二氢杨梅素2 mg · mL-1溶液对花瓣进行离体添加培养,建立菊花飞燕草素苷超高效液相UPLC分析技术,并用于菊花花瓣中飞燕草素苷的鉴定。结果表明,菊花花青苷可采用0.1 mol · L-1盐酸甲醇及同体积的10%甲酸水提取,0.22 μm膜过滤。通过洗脱条件的优化可在9 min内实现飞燕草素苷与其他花青苷的分离,当飞燕草素在2.5 ~ 40 mg · L-1范围内时与色谱峰面积具有良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.997。3个粉色系菊花品种均具有催化二氢杨梅素合成飞燕草素的能力,且飞燕草素含量均在220 μg · g-1 FW以上,表明3个品种均可作为蓝色花色转基因候选品种。     

Identification of wheat blue dwarf phytoplasma effectors targeting plant proliferation and defence responses

The identification of effectors from pathogenic microbes is one of the most important subjects for elucidating infection mechanisms. Wheat blue dwarf (WBD) phytoplasma causes dwarfism, witches' broom, and yellow leaf tips in wheat plants, resulting in severe yield loss in northwestern China. In this study, 37 candidate effector proteins were transiently expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana. Plants expressing the SAP11‐like protein SWP1 exhibited typical witches' broom. Interestingly, another protein, SWP11, induced both cell death and defence responses, including H₂O₂ accumulation and callose deposition. Analysis by qRT‐PCR was used to show that a marker gene of the hypersensitive response, HIN1, and three pathogenesis‐related genes, PR1, PR2 and PR3, were significantly up‐regulated in leaves of N. benthamiana expressing SWP11. In addition, SWP12 and SWP21 (TENGU‐like) were shown to suppress SWP11‐, BAX‐, and/or INF1‐induced cell death. These results indicated that SWP21 has a distinct role in virulence compared with TENGU and that WBD phytoplasma possesses effectors that target plant proliferation and defence responses. The ability of these effectors to trigger or suppress plant immunity provides new insights into the phytoplasma–plant interaction.     

Susceptibility of thermo-hydro-treated birch plywood to mould and blue stain fungi

In this study, mould and blue stain susceptibility, capillary water uptake (CWU) and microstructural properties of two thermo-hydro-treated (THT) birch plywood products A and B were investigated. Plywood A represented a THT industrial plywood glued with a phenol formaldehyde (PF) adhesive. Plywood B represented panels from THT veneers glued with a PF film. The THT regimes were (temperature, °C/time, min): 150/10, 150/50, 160/10 and 160/50. Both THT plywood products and untreated samples were resistant to mould and blue stain growth in 1 month of exposure in laboratory and outdoor conditions. A statistically significant correlation between fungal growth in laboratory and outdoor conditions for plywood products A and B was not found (P?>?.05). Artificial weathering of both plywood products provided adverse fungal growth results compared to the natural weathering test outdoors. The fungal growth on plywood A and B samples mutually strongly correlated (P?相似文献   

马尾松木材材性特点及加工利用研究

马尾松是我国松属树种中地理分布最广的一种,也是南方的造林先锋树种和主要用材树种。文中从物理力学性能、纤维特性以及渗透性等方面论述了马尾松木材材性特点,介绍了马尾松木材干燥及脱脂处理技术、木材蓝变及其防治方法,总结了马尾松木材在实木利用、人造板生产等领域的应用现状,展望了马尾松木材加工利用的发展前景。     

红蓝复合光对‘阳光红心’红掌生长和叶绿素荧光反应的影响

以具有红光(660 nm)和蓝光(446 nm)复合光的LED灯作为光源,研究其对‘阳光红心’红掌组培苗生长和叶绿素荧光反应的影响。结果表明,70%红光+30%蓝光的复合光能显著提高红掌叶片叶绿素a和叶绿素b的含量,促进叶片和根茎的干物质积累,而30%红光+70%蓝光的复合光则更有利于叶面积的扩张。红蓝复合光能抑制红掌叶片暗适应初始荧光(Fo),增加原初光能转化效率Fv/Fm,提高过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,降低叶绿素荧光产量,显著提高表观光合电子传递速率(ETR),改善光合作用系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ),促进叶片获取光能的能力,提高光合电子传递和光能转化效率,促进红掌叶片和根茎的生长。      

拟南芥RPT2与RIP1互作调节下胚轴向光弯曲的功能鉴定

拟南芥突变体rpt2-2表型类似于蓝光受体双突变体phot1 phot2, 缺失强蓝光诱导的下胚轴向光弯曲, 不同于双突变体phot1 rpt2-2下胚轴向光性正常, 表明在RPT2上游存在受PHOT1抑制的旁路调节途径。本文以RPT2为诱饵蛋白进行酵母文库筛选, 成功筛选到包括JAC1 和PHOT1在内的6个与RPT2互作的蛋白(RIPs, RPT2 Interacting Proteins)。酵母互作验证显示, 其中有4个蛋白可以与RPT2相互作用。表型分析显示基因RIP1对应的2个突变体rip1-1和rip1-2, 发现rip1-1和rip1-2单突变体下胚轴向光弯曲正常, 而rpt2-2 rip1-1和rpt2-2 rip1-2双突变体表型类似于phot1 rpt2-2双突变体, 恢复拟南芥下胚轴向光弯曲反应, 暗示RIP1蛋白可能调节PHOT1介导强蓝光抑制反应, 分析鉴定蛋白RIP1的生物学功能将有助于揭示PHOT1介导强蓝光抑制反应的机制。     

不同被毛颜色羊驼皮肤组织中成熟黑色素细胞的组织学分析

羊驼是已知家养动物中天然被毛颜色最为丰富的动物之一,本研究旨在在组织水平上观察不同被毛颜色羊驼皮肤组织中成熟黑色素细胞的分布与定位,以揭示羊驼丰富被毛颜色发生的细胞学机制。试验选择白色被毛和有色被毛成年羊驼各1头,盛毛期体侧取样,制备石蜡切片,分别采用多巴染色、甲苯胺蓝染色及多巴—甲苯胺蓝复染,光镜观察、拍照。结果表明,在不同被毛颜色羊驼皮肤组织中均有成熟黑色素细胞的分布,但是分布规律不同,在有色被毛皮肤组织主要分布于毛根成形部,在毛根永久部及表皮也有分布,但是数量较少;白色被毛组织主要分布于表皮,在毛根成形部分布很少,而在真皮部及毛根永久部有少量分布。结果提示:1)羊驼不同被毛颜色发生取决于毛根成形部成熟黑色素细胞的数量;2)从一个侧面佐证了毛囊黑色素细胞与皮肤黑色素细胞在执行功能以及它们所接受的调节信号是不同的。