Physicochemical,Nutritional and In Vitro Antidiabetic Characterisation of Blue Whiting (Micromesistius poutassou) Protein Hydrolysates

Protein hydrolysates from low-value underutilised fish species are potential sources of high-quality dietary protein and health enhancing peptides. Six blue whiting soluble protein hydrolysates (BW-SPH-A_F), generated at industrial scale using different hydrolysis conditions, were assessed in terms of their protein equivalent content, amino acid profile and score and physicochemical properties in addition to their ability to inhibit dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) and stimulate the secretion of insulin from BRIN-BD11 cells. Furthermore, the effect of simulated gastrointestinal digestion (SGID) on the stability of the BW-SPHs and their associated in vitro antidiabetic activity was investigated. The BW-SPHs contained between 70–74% (w/w) protein and all essential and non-essential amino acids. All BW-SPHs mediated DPP-IV inhibitory (IC₅₀: 2.12–2.90 mg protein/mL) and insulin secretory activity (2.5 mg/mL; 4.7 to 6.4-fold increase compared to the basal control (5.6 mM glucose alone)). All BW-SPHs were further hydrolysed during SGID. While the in vitro DPP-IV inhibitory and insulin secretory activity mediated by some BW-SPHs was reduced following SGID, the activity remained high. In general, the insulin secretory activity of the BW-SPHs were 4.5–5.4-fold higher than the basal control following SGID. The BW-SPHs generated herein provide potential for anti-diabetic related functional ingredients, whilst also enhancing environmental and commercial sustainability.     

蓝藻泥干发酵潜力研究

探讨藻泥干式发酵资源化利用的潜力。以太湖脱水藻泥为原料,进行干式厌氧发酵产沼气试验,分析蓝藻干式发酵的可行性。结果表明,接种物与蓝藻体积比为3∶7时,在恒定温度为35℃的发酵环境中发酵42d,蓝藻TS产气潜力为352.31mL/g,VS产气潜力为381.59mL/g,产气高峰时沼气中甲烷的含量为67.25%,蓝藻TS利用率为50.15%,VS利用率为52.39%,TOC利用率为53.86%。蓝藻泥可以作为发酵原料直接进行干式发酵。     

四川某猪场仔猪黄、白痢大肠杆菌的分离鉴定

采集四川温江3个猪场发生黄、白痢的仔猪肛门拭子病料50份,分别接种到伊红美兰琼脂(EMB)培养基分离培养,结果共分离到12株大肠杆菌,经PCR和血清型鉴定,其中3株为K88,1株为K99,其他株不能定型,说明所采样猪场中流行的大肠杆菌主要为K88血清型.     

蓝光对黄化小麦幼苗NO－3吸收及硝酸还原酶活性的影响

研究了蓝光对黄化小麦幼苗ＮＯ－３吸收，植株ＮＯ－３含量及叶片硝酸还原酶活性的影响．结果表明，蓝光促进幼苗对ＮＯ－３的吸收，提高幼苗中的ＮＯ－３含量及硝酸还原酶活性，其作用均比红光和白光强．蓝光可能通过促进幼苗对ＮＯ－３的吸收和转运并增大ＮＯ－３代谢库而提高硝酸还原酶的活性．     

Replacement of fish meal protein by surimi by‐product protein in the diet of blue gourami Trichogaster trichopterus fingerlings

Based on the nutrient requirement of Trichogaster trichopterus, a fish meal–based basal diet with 350 g/kg diet crude protein and 16.7 MJ/kg energy was formulated, in which the fish meal protein was replaced by surimi by‐product protein at 0.0 (control), 12.5, 25, 50, 75 and 100% levels. The formulated diets were fed ad libitum to T. trichopterus fingerlings (4.80 ± 0.03 g) in triplicate groups for 45 days in a closed water system. Eighteen fibre‐reinforced plastic tanks with 200 l of water were used for rearing the fish. Weight gain, specific growth rate, feed/gain ratio, protein efficiency ratio, nutrient retention and digestibility (protein and energy) of fish were not affected (p > 0.05) up to 50% fish meal protein replacement level by surimi by‐product protein. While whole‐body protein content of fish was marginally decreased, the lipid content was increased with increase in surumi by‐product incorporation level in the diet. The study results suggest that the fish meal protein, which is scarce and costly nowadays, could be replaced up to 50% by surimi by‐product protein in the diet of blue gourami without hampering the growth and nutrient utilization of fish.     

热带雨林低光植物结构色产生机制及生物学功能研究进展

 生长在热带雨林低光环境中的林木植被部分叶片表面呈现蓝晕色表型。这种蓝晕色表型由叶片表皮附近多种相同或相异的微结构所引起。各种微结构是植被适应低光生长环境而长期进化的产物。它通过改变植物组织内部反射光的物理特性,在增强光合活性光吸收的同时产生蓝晕色或其它周期性变化的复合色,从而形成植物结构色表型。结构色的存在在植物生长发育过程中起到关键作用。本文综述了植物结构色产生的机制以及生物学功能。     

普鲁士蓝对养殖液中亚甲基蓝的光热催化降解

【目的】探究亚微米普鲁士蓝(Submicron Prussian blue,smPB)的光热转化效果对其光芬顿催化降解亚甲基蓝(Methylene blue, MB)污染物的促进作用。【方法】以亚铁氰化钠和聚乙烯亚胺为主要材料,在酸性条件下,通过水热缓慢结晶法,利用聚乙烯亚胺链上的氨基基团控制普鲁士蓝(Prussian blue, PB)的结晶过程,制备出具有光热及光芬顿催化降解能力的smPB。使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、紫外-可见漫反射吸收光谱(UV-Vis)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、傅里叶红外分光光度计(FTIR)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)等测试仪器对smPB进行结构和形貌表征。利用太阳光模拟器照射的阳光测试了smPB在水溶液中的光热转化效果。在不同的催化条件下,测试了smPB的芬顿、光芬顿以及光热芬顿催化降解效率。【结果】smPB的光热转化率约为90%。太阳光模拟器以1个太阳光功率照射1 h的情况下,含有smPB 20 mg的100 mL水溶液温度上升8.8℃左右。在光热的条件下,使用20 mg的smPB对100 mL的MB溶液(ρ=20 mg/L)进行光热芬顿催化降解,在40...     

Experimental Encephalitozoonosis in the Blue Fox: Transplacental Transmission of the Parasite

Spores of Encephalitozoon cuniculi were recovered from foetal and placental tissues from blue fox females orally inoculated with the parasite. The results provided evidence for transplacental transmission of the causative agent of fox encephalitozoonosis.     

空气湿度对蓝果忍冬相对生长和外部形态的影响

以蓝果忍冬5个种(“阿尔泰忍冬”、“勘察加忍冬”、“巴利斯忍冬”、“蓝靛果忍冬”、“博奇卡勒尼卡娃忍冬”)和1个品种(“EYL-1”)的2 a生扦插苗为试材,研究不同空气湿度处理对蓝果忍冬株高、相对生长量和外部形态的影响,以期为蓝果忍冬的驯化栽培提供理论依据.结果表明:空气湿度不仅影响蓝果忍冬的生长发育,而且对外部形态也有显著影响.在RH 75％处理下,蓝果忍冬生长良好,随着空气湿度的下降,植株株高及相对生长量呈下降趋势,“勘察加忍冬”在各相对湿度处理下的相对生长量均是最小.在RH45％处理20 d后,“勘察加忍冬”、“博奇卡勒尼卡娃忍冬”、“蓝靛果忍冬”叶片部分出现萎蔫、下垂、失去光泽、甚至脱落,而“阿尔泰忍冬”在低空气湿度下表现良好,可作为优良育种材料.