贮前苯胺蓝染色预测苹果冷藏末期表皮病害

为了实现对苹果贮藏末期表皮病害的预测,以红富士苹果（Malus domestica Borkh cv. Fuji）为试材,通过苯胺兰染色的方法,研究了苹果采后苯胺兰染色与果实贮藏末期几种表皮病害的关系。结果表明：富士苹果采后苯胺兰染色指数与贮藏末期的好果率呈明显负相关,相关系数为-0.947;果实苯胺兰染色的级别与二氧化碳伤害指数和腐烂指数密切相关,其决定系数分别为0.9779和0.8394,但苯胺兰染色的级别与贮藏末期果实的虎皮病和皮孔斑点病之间无明显的相关性。因此,苹果采后苯胺兰染色可用于预测果实贮藏末期的好果率。     

H.E染色和普鲁氏染色在动物铁过负荷诊断的比较

本试验研究比较铁过负荷猪的淋巴结、脾脏、肝脏、肺脏、肾脏的H.E染色、革兰氏染色的变化。     

Exposure to blue LED light before the onset of darkness under a long‐day photoperiod alters melatonin secretion,feeding behaviour and growth in female dairy calves

The effect of blue LED on melatonin secretion, feeding behaviour and growth was addressed in Holstein female dairy calves. In Exp.1, six animals (8 weeks old, 97 ± 4.1 kg BW) were exposed to yellow or blue LED for 2 hr before darkness over 7 days under a long‐day photoperiod (LDPP). In Exp. 2, six animals (8 weeks old, 88.5 ± 4.8 kg BW) were exposed to blue light from a white LED all daytime or a yellow LED for 2 hr before the darkness of LDPP (blue light cut) over 3 weeks. In Exp. 1, blue light mildly suppressed melatonin secretion during the 2‐hr treatment but did not affect the timing of the nightly melatonin rise. However, the rise in nighty melatonin levels was higher with yellow than blue LED. In Exp. 2, white LED completely suppressed melatonin secretion during the 2‐hr treatment, but plasma melatonin concentrations were similar during the darkness. Grass hay intake, rumination time, frequency of water intake and body weight gain were higher in animals exposed to the yellow rather than the white LED. Overall results indicate that exposure to blue light from white LEDs under an LDPP suppresses melatonin secretion and might negatively impact the development of female dairy calves.     

植物中紫外光及蓝光信号转导的研究进展

以拟南芥为例，简要论述了近年来有关紫外光及蓝光信号转导方面的研究进展，其中，着重从ＣＨＳ基因表达的调节、ＵＶ－Ｂ和ＵＶ－Ａ／蓝光光信号转导途径研究及其相互作用等小方面进行介绍。     

SOD活性和同工酶检测系统中干扰因素的研究

采用NBT光化还原反应检测SOD活性时,反应系统中蛋白质含量在100 μg以上将对SOD活性测定造成严重干扰,并且干扰程度随蛋白质含量的增加而加剧;连苯三酚自氧化系统受维生素C的干扰,当反应系统中维生素C的含量在20 μg以上,则明显抑制连苯三酚的自氧化.同一植物材料的SOD同工酶在不同浓度的凝胶系统中分离将显示出不同的分离效果.     

Bacteriological studies on the mineralization of organic nitrogen in paddy soils

In this report we studied the effects of mechanical grinding of paddy soils on nitrogen mineralization and bacterial number when soils were incubated under a submerged condition after grinding.

Nitrogen mineralization was increased by grinding soil samples as compared with those without grinding. The value of (Nd-Nu)/Nu, where Nd is the amount of ammonia-nitrogen formed by incubation of disrupted samples and Nu those of the undisrupted soils, was in good correlation with clay/humus ratio.

Although significant difference was not observed between the number of aerobic bacteria with undisrupted and disrupted soil samples, higher anaerobic bacterial numbers were found with disrupted than with undisrupted ones.

A significant correlation was also obtained between the amounts of nitrogen mineralization increased by the grinding of soil and the numbers of anaerobic bacteria.     

利用酵母双杂交膜系统筛选与小麦蓝矮植原体免疫膜蛋白互作的异沙叶蝉蛋白

In order to investigate interactive proteins in leafhopper (Psammotettix alienus L.) with WBD phytoplasma, the protein interaction analysis was performed by using WBD phytoplasma IMP (immunodominant membrane protein) as bait protein to screen a cDNA library of leafhopper using a split-ubiquitin yeast membrane system. Through the screening test, 30 clones were obtained from the cDNA library and 8 proteins were identified by searching against NCBI database, such as tubulin, peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase, Cdc42 protein, ribosomal proteins and ATP-F0 subunit protein, etc. The interactions between IMP and 8 putative proteins were further confirmed by co-transformation and β- Galactosidase assays. This study could be useful for understanding the molecular interaction mechanism between WBD phytoplasma and insect vector and the specificity of transmission.     

Effect of supplementation of blue green alga (Spirulina) on outcome of pregnancy in rats

To study the supplementary effect of Spirulina, pregnant rats were fed 5 different kinds of diets (casein, Spirulina, wheat gluten, Spirulina + wheat gluten, Spirulina-without additional vitamins and minerals), each providing 22% protein during the period of pregnancy. The outcome of pregnancy was assessed from litter and dams' weight and litter size. Maternal weight gain was found to be maximum with Spirulina + wheat gluten and least with the wheat gluten diet. Rats receiving Spirulina containing diets produced significantly (p<0.05) higher litter size than those receiving casein and wheat gluten. In spite of having higher litter size, Spirulina containing diet groups produced pups with birth weights comparable to those of casein. Spirulina appears to be a good dietary supplement during pregnancy.     

基于蓝水资源的新疆农业种植结构调整分析

新疆水资源匮乏,大部分水资源用于农业,调整农作物种植结构,对于减小新疆农业用水量,优化水资源配置具有重要意义。本研究将新疆分为南疆、北疆、东疆和伊犁河谷,利用18个气象站2000-2009年的气象资料,分析三种主要作物(棉花、玉米、小麦)的蓝水蒸散量及蓝水需水量。对四个地区农作物种植结构进行调整,对比分析调整前后蓝水需水量变化。结果表明:1)基于农作物种植总面积不变原则,调整各地区农作物种植结构,全疆农作物蓝水需水量减少近2×108 m3;2)基于水资源总量控制,在"十二五"规划面积基础上调整农作物种植结构,蓝水需水量减少10.56×108 m3,全疆粮食作物玉米和小麦产量均满足规划要求,棉花产量尚需进一步提高。以蓝水蒸散量为工具,合理布局农作物种植结构,适当减小农作物种植面积,可以减少农业用水量,同时减小对农作物产量的影响。     

饲粮能量水平对蓝孔雀生产性能及屠宰指标的影响

试验选用200只28日龄蓝孔雀,饲粮能量水平分别为11.29、11.71、12.13、12.55、12.97MJ·kg^-1,蛋白质水平为20%,研究不同能量水平对蓝孔雀生产性能及屠宰指标的影响。结果表明,随着饲粮能量水平的升高,饲粮采食量、体增重和料肉比均降低（P〈0.05）。饲粮能量水平的提高,显著降低了84日龄蓝孔雀相对腿肌重、小肠重量、相对小肠重量,小肠长度及相对小肠长度。综合体重、饲料效率及屠宰指标,11.71MJ·kg^-1是28～84日龄蓝孔雀适宜的饲粮能量水平。