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农业技术经济动态方法的适用性 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
农业技术经济学研究的根本目的是为了实现农业生产资源的优化配置,提高农业生产效率,发展农业生产,提高农民生活水平,保障社会对农产品的需求。净现值法和内部收益率法是农业技术经济分析中常用的两种动态方法,它们各有其优缺点和适用范围,为此对两方案进行应用上的比较,正确理解方法特点和经济含义,具有重要的实际意义。 相似文献
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Mast cells are important cells for the innate immunity that reside in tissues including adipose tissue and are involved in various physiological and pathological processes by producing a range of biological mediators. Adipose tissue not only acts as an energy depot and regulator of energy homeostasis that can deposit excess energy and dissipate energy through heat, but also is an active endocrine organ capable of producing hormones and adipokines. The dysfunction of adipose tissue is highly correlated with metabolic disorders, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and so on. This review focuses on the physiological and pathological roles of mast cells in adipose tissue. 相似文献
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Toshiyuki Takai Patrick Lumanglas Daisuke Fujita Kazuhiro Sasaki Njato Michael Rakotoarisoa Yasuhiro Tsujimoto Nobuya Kobayashi Eliza Vie Simon 《Breeding Science》2021,71(5):615
The heading date is an important trait for determining regional and climatic adaptability in rice. To expand the adaptability of the indica rice cultivar ‘IR64’, we pyramided multiple early or late heading quantitative trait locus (QTLs) in the ‘IR64’ genetic background by crossing previously developed near-isogenic lines (NILs) with a single QTL for early or late heading. The effects of pyramiding QTLs were observed in three different climatic zones of the Philippines, Madagascar, and Japan. The early heading pyramiding lines (PYLs) headed 6.2 to 12.8 days earlier than ‘IR64’ while the late heading PYLs headed 18.8 to 27.1 days later than ‘IR64’. The PYLs tended to produce low grain yield compared to ‘IR64’. The low yield was not improved by combining SPIKE, which is a QTL that increases the number of spikelets per panicle. Conversely, ‘IR64-PYL(7+10)’ carrying Hd5 and Hd1 headed earlier, produced more tillers, and more panicles per m2 than ‘IR64’, and mitigated the yield decrease in early heading. These results suggest that the effects of pyramided QTLs on heading date were consistent across various environments and PYLs could be used to enhance the adaptation of ‘IR64’ in other rice growing environments. 相似文献
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【目的】长期适应性观测与引种的长期适应性研究对经济林大田推广工作至关重要。【方法】以引种的两个核桃品种(大泡核桃和圆菠萝核桃)为研究对象,通过13年的连续观测和调查,分析两个品种在不同海拔位置的生长量指标、核桃坚果表型性状和内含物等指标,研究他们的长期适应性。【结果】两个核桃品种在攀枝花地区两个试验点可正常进入盛果期,但营养生长和生殖生长的物候期与原栽培地有较大不同,表现出较强的花粉集体效应和EPP错失现象。大泡核桃的坚果品质与原产地无显著差异,粗脂肪含量略低于原产地,蛋白质含量略高于原产地。单果仁重和出仁率均比本地核桃“盐源早”显著升高,且壳厚比“盐源早”更薄,但三者产量基本持平。大泡的果形更加硕大,圆菠萝次之,“盐源早”最小。【结论】在攀枝花地区,大泡核桃的综合性状表现海拔1800m段优于2200m段,可以作为低海拔区域的丰产稳产推荐品种。而圆菠萝核桃的综合性状较原产地均低,在攀枝花地区表现为品质劣化的趋向。但引种的2种核桃,多个方面均表现出比本地“盐源早”更好的农艺性状,推广潜力较大。 相似文献
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向日葵菌核病生防放线菌的分离筛选及拮抗作用的初探 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
根据微生物间的拮抗作用,试从病地土壤中分离拮抗放线菌,探索利用放线菌对向日葵菌核病进行生物防治的途径。从内蒙古呼和浩特市、巴彦淖尔、包头等地所采集的土壤中分离出38个放线菌菌株,经过平板拮抗作用初测,有8个菌株(F-1、F-3、F-6、F-8、F-11、F-15、F-21、F-25)对向日葵核盘菌(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum)有拮抗作用。选出其中2个作用最明显的菌株(F-6、F-8),观察其在平板对峙培养中对向日葵核盘菌的抑制作用及其代谢产物对向日葵核盘菌的作用。结果表明:F-6、F-8菌株及其代谢产物对向日葵核盘菌均有明显的抑菌作用。同时,对F-6、F-8两菌株的培养性状和形态特征进行了初步观察。 相似文献
27.
基于主成分分析的不同茶树品种在湖北地区的适应性评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为客观准确地评价19个茶树品种在湖北地区的适应性。本研究以‘福鼎大白茶’(CK)为对照,对19个茶树品种在湖北地区的茶苗成活率、新梢物候期、产量性状、制茶品质和抗逆性等指标进行系统比较分析,并应用主成分分析法对不同茶树品种在湖北地区的适应性进行综合评价。结果表明,在主成分分析时前3个主成分的累积方差贡献率达到76.96%,分别为“产量抗性因子”“物候期因子”“品质因子”;以前3个主成分的线性回归方程和贡献率构建适应性综合评价模型,综合得分超过CK的有10个品种,其中‘茶农98’‘鄂茶12’‘陕茶1号’和‘岚里香’4个品种的综合评价得分明显高于其他品种,为最适宜湖北及相似茶区推广应用品种;综合得分低于CK的有9个品种,其中‘白叶一号’‘中黄1号’‘漕溪1号’和‘鸟王106’4个品种的综合得分明显低于其他品种,为不适宜湖北及相似茶区推广应用品种。 相似文献
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Brown adipose tissue is a type of adipose tissue and is present in all mammals. It is not only the main site for adaptive thermogenesis in vivo , but also secretes and releases many cytokines in the form of endocrine to regulate a variety of metabolic processes and prevent and treat obesity and metabolic diseases. Therefore, identification of the types and effects of brown adipocytokines (batokines) may be crucial for the treatment of a variety of obesity-related metabolic diseases. Based on the latest research progress, batokines and their functions are reviewed. 相似文献
30.
Tiago Edu Kaspary Luan Cutti Rafael Schwalm Rafaeli Carla Andrea Delatorre Aldo Merotto Jr 《Weed Research》2020,60(6):435-449
Evolution of flooding tolerance in weedy rice has occurred in several rice-growing regions, but the genes related to this process and the environmental effects are unknown. The objective of this study was to analyse the expression of genes related to flooding tolerance in response to temperature and flooding during the initial establishment of weedy rice. The experiments were carried out with rice cultivars IRGA 417 and Nipponbare, which are sensitive to flooding, and weedy rice ITJ03 and AV04 genotypes that have high and intermediate tolerance to flooding, respectively. The expression of genes related to reserve mobilisation, anaerobic respiration, escape and quiescence strategies was analysed at periods up to 24 days after sowing. The flooding tolerance of weedy rice genotype ITJ03 was associated with the expression of RAmy3D and OsTPP7 , which are involved in the mobilisation of carbohydrate reserves, ADH1 and ADH2, which participate in anaerobic respiration, and SNRKL1 that triggers rapid elongation of the coleoptile and emergence. Although the genes PDC1, SUS3 and SUB1 are important for flooding tolerance in cultivated rice, their expression was not directly related to flooding tolerance in weedy rice. A temperature of 20°C reduced levels of expression of the RAmy3D, ADH2 and SNRKL1 genes and low temperature had a negative effect on the establishment of weedy rice. Breeding of rice genotypes with tolerance of low temperatures and anaerobic conditions may be a viable strategy to improve the control of weedy rice in paddy fields. 相似文献