不同浓度沼液浸种对甜瓜种子萌发的影响

在实验室控温条件下研究了不同浓度沼液浸种对甜瓜种子萌发的影响.研究结果表明,60%沼液处理对甜瓜种子萌发和胚根生长有促进作用,沼液浓度在60%以上时,随着沼液浓度增加,种子的发芽速度逐渐降低,相对发芽指数、相对活力指数、胚根生长量均下降,不同浓度沼液浸种对种子的萌发影响较小,高浓度(>60%)沼液对种子α-淀粉酶活力和膜修复的抑制可能是造成甜瓜种子萌发推迟和发芽势下降的主要原因.     

二氧化碳高渗透性保鲜膜包装对鸭梨采后生理与贮藏品质的影响

以微孔保鲜膜为对照,研究二氧化碳高渗透性保鲜膜包装对7个月贮藏期间鸭梨采后生理和贮藏品质的影响。结果表明,二氧化碳高渗透性保鲜膜具有较高的二氧化碳渗透系数和很高的二氧化碳/氧气渗透系数比,在保持包装袋内较低二氧化碳浓度的同时也能维持较低的氧气浓度。两种保鲜膜包装袋内的二氧化碳浓度均低于0.5%的水平;微孔保鲜膜包装袋内的氧气浓度接近于空气(20%左右),二氧化碳高渗透性保鲜膜包装袋内的氧气浓度在5%～6%之间;二氧化碳高渗透性保鲜膜包装的鸭梨贮藏期间果实的可溶性固形物和VC含量显著高于微孔膜包装(P0.05),细胞的相对电导率和丙二醛含量显著低于微孔膜包装的果实(P0.05);两种包装的鸭梨果心褐变程度无明显差异。二氧化碳高渗透性保鲜膜包装有利于延缓鸭梨采后衰老进程,保持果实的良好品质。     

复方特比萘芬纳米乳的皮肤安全性及经皮渗透性试验

考察复方特比萘芬纳米乳的透皮特性及皮肤毒性,为其临床应用提供试验依据。应用皮肤刺激性试验、皮肤急性毒性试验及皮肤过敏性试验考察复方特比萘芬纳米乳的皮肤安全性;采用改良的Franz立式扩散池,对复方特比萘芬纳米乳进行体外经皮透过性评价。结果显示,复方特比萘芬纳米乳对家兔无皮肤刺激性和皮肤急性毒性,对豚鼠皮肤无致敏性。复方特比萘芬纳米乳中特比萘芬与其混悬液的透皮速率(J)分别为0.840 3μg/cm.h和0.266 8μg/cm.h。表明复方特比萘芬纳米乳是一种安全性较好的外用制剂,且纳米乳增强了特比萘芬的经皮透过性。     

线粒体通透性转换孔及其与细胞凋亡的关系

线粒体通透性转换孔,又称线粒体巨型通道,是横跨线粒体内外膜之间的非选择性高导电性通道,由多种蛋白质复合组成。多数理论认为,它的开放所导致的线粒体膜通透性转换是线粒体导致细胞凋亡众多途径中关键的一个。现阶段对线粒体通透性转换孔有各种方向的研究。论文对其结构、作用机制及其与细胞凋亡的关系进行了综述。     

镉对水稻幼苗根系细胞膜电位和膜透性的影响

镉（Cd）对膜透性、跨膜电势差等膜性质所产生的直接影响是造成Cd胁迫下植物对营养元素吸收异常的重要原因。以对Cd2＋敏感性不同的两个水稻品种（淮稻11号和扬稻6号）作为试验材料,采用玻璃微电极技术原位考察了水稻幼苗根细胞膜电位对Cd2＋胁迫的响应,同时分析了Cd2＋对水稻根系细胞膜透性的影响。结果表明,Cd2＋可使根表皮细胞膜电位在短时间内发生明显的去极化,去极化程度随Cd2＋浓度提高而增加;相同浓度Cd2＋所诱导的膜电位去极化程度与水稻品种有关,扬稻6号幼苗根系膜电位的去极化程度明显高于淮稻11号;在迅速的去极化之后,随后的30 min内是否发生复极化与水稻品种和Cd2＋浓度有关;就更长时间（0-12 h）来看,膜电位在经过了去极化阶段后仍有缓慢的恢复,淮稻11号在1.0 mmo1·L-1 Cd2＋处理6 h后已接近初始的膜电位值,而扬稻6号在处理12 h后仍不能恢复到处理前的水平;Cd2＋处理增大了水稻根细胞膜透性,且扬稻6号比淮稻11号膜透性增加的程度要大。     

侵蚀与非侵蚀黑土入渗性能差异性研究

通过对侵蚀与非侵蚀黑土的渗透性能研究,结果表明,非侵蚀土壤的渗透速率大于侵蚀土壤,且达到稳渗的时间长于侵蚀土壤;侵蚀土壤与非侵蚀土壤的渗透速率呈现随土层深度的增加而减少的趋势;侵蚀土壤达到稳定的时间随土层深度的增加而延长,而非侵蚀土壤则随土层深度的增加而缩短。侵蚀与非侵蚀土壤的渗透速率均随着初始含水量的增加而下降;同一含水量下,非侵蚀土壤的渗透速率大于侵蚀土壤,且达到稳渗的时间长于侵蚀土壤;非侵蚀地与侵蚀地降雨前土壤的初渗速率和稳渗速率均大于降雨后土壤的初渗速率和稳渗速率,且降雨前后非侵蚀地渗透速率都大于侵蚀地的渗透速率;通过典型相关分析可知,土壤容重、总孔隙度和非毛管孔隙度是影响土壤渗透能力的主要指标。     

Theoretical and Experimental Analysis on the Pressure Filtration Technology in Slurries Treatment

Treatment of waste drilling slurries has become one of the important problems encountered in urban construction. The application of pressure filtration technology brings significant advantages in slurries treatment. In order to give a better insight into the mechanism of pressure filtration, a model was introduced to analyze the relationship between filtration pressure, time and treatment results. The proposed model was validated using existing data. The parametric studies of the model show that the increase of the filtration pressure can reduce the filtration time and the permeability coefficient of the filter cake, While filtration time decreases very slowly beyond a certain extent. In addition, the relationship among filtration pressure, time and treatment results is further validated by test results.     

Experimental analysis of matrix shrinkage’s influence on mechanical permeability of gas filled coal

Based on the coal seam of Zhao zhuang coal mine and Si he coal mine belong to Jin cheng anthracite Mining Group in Shanxi province, by using the self developed three axial servo controlled seepage equipment for hot fluid solid coupling of coal containing methane, parallel experiments for permeability of helium and methane under different gas pressures are carried out to quantitatively study the influence of Klinkenberg effects on the permeability of coal. Meanwhile, the problem of permeability decreasing caused by fluid pressure decreasing and gas desorption is eliminated by controlling the effective stress. The results show thatthe Klinkenberg effect is obvious under low gas pressure. With the increase of gas pressure, the permeability of coal decreases at first and then increases. The inflection points of gas pressure for Klinkenberg effect are about 0.9 MPa both for coal samples in Zhao zhuang coal mine and Si he coal mine. When the effective stress is constant, with the increase of gas pressure, the permeability increment caused by Klinkenberg effect decreases, while permeability increment caused by coal matrix shrinkage increases. Coal matrix shrinkage has a close relationship with the mechanical properties of coal rock mass. For the coal sample with a poor mechanical property, coal matrix shrinkage is more obvious.     

用膜透性、SOD酶活性和膜脂肪酸成分探讨林木抗寒性

通过对邓恩桉不同优良个体膜透性、SOD酶活性与膜脂肪酸组成成分的分析,研究林木的抗寒性。结果表明：不饱和脂肪酸指数（IUFA）是个体抗寒性指标,不同优良个体IUFA的变化为187．02～231．68。不同低温胁迫处理下,个体SOD酶活性的变化在拐点前,随着胁迫加剧而上升,拐点后急剧下降。膜透性表现为电导率变化,在拐点前随着胁迫加剧而迅速加大,出现拐点后缓慢上升,个体抗寒性越差,出现拐点越早。应用上述3种方法探讨林木抗寒性发现,林木在低温胁迫过程中,SOD酶活性与电导率变化有基本一致的拐点值,SOD酶活性变化的拐点最低温度可确定为个体低温临界点。