不同马尾松杂种F_1代早期生长的比较

在福建省大田梅林国有林场连续4年调查火炬松×马尾松、湿地松×马尾松杂种F1代以及马尾松纯种苗木造林早期生长情况,结果表明：幼树存活率在造林4年后趋于稳定,且火炬松×马尾松杂种F1存活率高于湿地松×马尾松。火炬松×马尾松、湿地松×马尾松杂种F1代和马尾松纯种3个树种4年生以下（含4年生）幼树的平均地径（胸径）、抽梢、树高生长总体大小依次为：火炬松×马尾松〉湿地松×马尾松〉马尾松纯种,但3个树种间差异均不显著。4年生（48个月）幼树火炬松×马尾松杂种F1代和马尾松纯种平均树高差异显著;50个月生幼树火炬松×马尾松杂种F1代和马尾松纯种间、湿地松×马尾松杂种F1代与马尾松纯种间差异显著,但火炬松×马尾松与湿地松×马尾松间差异不显著。     

复方肿节风雾化剂抗炎作用研究

[目的]从抗炎方面探讨贵阳中医二附院院内制剂“复方肿节风雾化剂”在对咽炎治疗上的作用机制.[方法]采用小鼠耳二甲苯致炎法、角叉莱胶所致炎症肿胀度等法制作炎症模型观察其抗炎作用;而体外抑菌实验则用其对致咽炎的5种常见病菌的抑菌作用进行评价;同时抽取使用不同剂量复方肿节风雾化剂的咽炎试验组及空白组大鼠的血液通过分析,观察血常规的变化及其白细胞介素-1 (IL-1)的水平.[结果]复方肿节风雾化剂高、中、低3个不同浓度均能减轻在二甲苯所诱发的小鼠耳肿胀、角叉莱胶所致大鼠足趾肿胀的炎症肿胀度,但抗炎作用随着浓度的降低而降低.在体外试验中,复方肿节风雾化剂对肺炎链球菌、溶血链球菌、白喉杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌及伤寒杆菌的最低抑菌浓度分别是76、105、38、65、30 mg/ml.复方肿节风雾化剂降低了咽炎模型大鼠血浆中的白细胞数、中性白细胞和淋巴细胞含量;阳性对照组及复方肿节风雾化剂高、中、低3个不同浓度组IL-1水平均低于空白对照组.[结论]复方肿节风雾化剂可能通过抗炎、抑菌、降低IL-1水平,达到治疗咽炎的作用.该研究为复方肿节风雾化剂的临床应用奠定基础.     

Mapping soil salinity and pH across an estuarine and alluvial plain using electromagnetic and digital elevation model data

Increasing pressures from agriculture and urbanization have resulted in drainage of many floodplains along the eastern Australian coastline, which are underlain by sulphidic sediments, to lower water tables and reduce soil salinity. This leads to oxidation of the sediments with a rapid decline in pH and an increase in salinity. Accurately mapping soil salinity and pH in coastal acid sulphate soil (CASS) landscapes is therefore important. One required map is the extent of highly acidic (i.e. pH < 4.5) areas, so that the application of alkaline amendments (e.g. lime) to neutralize the acid produced can be specifically targeted to the variation in pH. One approach is to use digital soil mapping (DSM) using ancillary information, such as an EM38, digital elevation models (DEM – elevation) and trend surface parameters (east and north). We used an EM38 in the horizontal (EM38h) and vertical (EM38v) modes together with elevation data to develop multiple linear regressions (MLR) for predicting EC_1:5 and pH. For pH, best results were achieved when the EM38 EC_a data were log‐transformed. By comparing MLR models using REML analysis, we found that using all ancillary data was optimal for mapping EC_1:5, whereas the best predictors for pH were north, log‐EM38v and elevation. Using residual maximum likelihood (REML), the final EC_1:5 and pH maps produced were consistent with previously defined soil landscape units, particularly CASS. The DSM approach used is amenable for mapping saline soils and identifying areas requiring the application of lime to manage acidic soil conditions in CASS landscape.     

皇后黑李优良单株——隆丰1号黑李的选育

对皇后黑李、隆丰1号黑李的生物学特征和植物学特性进行观察记载;开展皇后黑李优良单株的选育,选出优良单株——隆丰1号黑李。     

利用甜高粱秸秆汁产单细胞蛋白的分批补料发酵研究

本文以甜高粱秸秆汁为主要的发酵原料,对热带假丝酵母SG-1在15-L罐上产单细胞蛋白(SCP)的分批补料发酵过程进行研究。首先对分批发酵模式下的菌体代谢过程变化进行研究。研究发现,接种后菌体快速进入繁殖阶段,但是总糖在12 h处于耗竭状态,使得菌体量和SCP产量过早的在18 h就达到峰值。基于此,在15-L罐上建立了热带假丝酵母SG-1产SCP的分批补料发酵模式。结果表明:菌体代谢因基质的补加而得到进一步的延续,放罐时(42 h)其菌体干重和SCP产量分别达19.86 g/L和9.93 g/L,显著高于分批发酵模式的10.45 g/L和4.70 g/L。     

牛二酰甘油转酰基酶(DGAT1)基因的生物信息学分析

DGAT1基因作为影响奶牛产奶和肉牛肉质性状的主效基因之一,引起了人们越来越多的关注。本文应用生物信息学方法比较了人、牛、猪、绵羊等24个物种的DGAT1基因编码区(CDS)核苷酸和蛋白质序列,并对该基因的遗传多样性进行了分析。结果表明,DGAT1基因的CDS核苷酸和蛋白质序列长度多样性丰富;具有终止密码子偏爱性,包括牛在内的所有脊椎动物终止密码子都为TGA;在长度为1 187bp的33条基因序列中检测到992个多态位点,共生成26种单倍型。从聚类分析图可以看出,脊椎动物、无脊椎动物、植物和微生物的DGAT1基因之间存在着进化分歧,但界内差异较小。     

热应激下鸡肝脏SFRP1和PDK4基因表达水平研究

为研究热应激条件下,鸡SFRP1和PDK4两个与代谢相关的基因在鸡肝脏组织中的差异表达,选取12只60日龄体重相近的黄羽肉母鸡,分为正常对照组(CL)、热应激反应组(HS)和热应激反应后的降温组(HF)3个处理组,并对这两个基因在三组肝脏组织中的表达水平进行荧光定量表达分析。结果表明,在热应激状态下,SFRP1和PDK4基因在肝脏中的表达均上调,且PDK4在对照组和热应激组间差异显著(P<0.05)。本研究结果还表明,当热应激反应后温度重新降至(25±1)℃时,SFRP1和PDK4在肝脏中的相对表达量均有不同程度的恢复,进一步说明这两个基因在热应激中发挥的作用。本研究为从分子机制分析热应激提供了相应的参考。     

苦瓜新品种如玉45 号的选育

如玉45 号是以BAL-22-31 为母本，以山苦瓜-45 为父本配制而成的中熟苦瓜一代杂种。生长势较强，第1 雌花节位第17 节左右，主侧蔓均可结瓜；商品瓜长6 cm 左右，横径3 cm 左右，单瓜质量40 g 左右，老熟瓜可达200 g；果实两头较尖，橄榄形，瓜皮深绿色，纵棱尖瘤，肉质脆嫩，苦味较重，回味甘甜，总皂甙含量较高，适合煲汤和深加工；田间鉴定对枯萎病和白粉病的抗性较强，一般产量4 200 kg·（667 m²）^-1 左右，采收期可达6 个月，适宜福州以南龙岩、漳州、泉州、厦门等地栽培。     

改性蒙脱石对黄曲霉毒素B_1和玉米赤霉烯酮的吸附研究

本试验旨在探究4种不同改性蒙脱石对黄曲霉B1(AFB1)和玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)的体外吸附性能。采用体外吸附试验,在霉菌毒素污染的喷浆玉米皮中添加4种改性蒙脱石,检测AFB1和ZEN的浓度变化,以探究不同种类及不同添加比例改性蒙脱石对AFB1和ZEN的吸附作用。结果表明:4种改性蒙脱石对AFB1和ZEN均有显著吸附作用,其中膨润土经十八烷基三甲基氯化铵改性制备的复合改性蒙脱石II型对AFB1和ZEN的吸附效果最好,在添加量为1%时,对AFB1和ZEN的吸附率分别为62.60%和43.38%。在本体外试验条件下,4种改性蒙脱石对喷浆玉米皮中AFB1和ZEN均具有吸附作用,可以降低喷浆玉米皮中的霉菌毒素含量,为改性蒙脱石在饲料脱毒剂的使用提供参考。     

Characteristics of 18F-FDG and 18F-FDOPA PET in an 8-year-old neutered male Yorkshire Terrier dog with glioma: long-term chemotherapy using hydroxyurea plus imatinib with prednisolone and immunoreactivity for PDGFR-β and LAT1

An 8-year-old neutered male Yorkshire Terrier dog presented with head pressing, vestibular ataxia, neck tenderness, and no oculocephalic reflex. A demarcated lesion in the pons was identified on MRI. The patient was tentatively diagnosed with a glioma and was treated with hydroxyurea plus imatinib and prednisolone. After 30 days of therapeutic treatment, the patient showed a clear improvement in neurological signs, which lasted for 1117 days. On day 569 after the initiation of treatment, ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) was performed with no significant findings on visual analysis. The average and maximal standardized uptake values (SUVs) were 1.92 and 2.29, respectively. The tumor-to-normal-tissue (T/N) ratio was 0.97. The first evidence of clinical deterioration was noticed on day 1147. On day 1155, 3,4-dihydroxy-6-[¹⁸F]-fluoro-l-phenylalanine (¹⁸F-FDOPA)-PET was performed. High uptake of ¹⁸F-FDOPA was observed in the intracranial lesion. The mean and maximal SUVs of the tumor were 1.59 and 2.29, respectively. The T/N ratio was 2.22. The patient was euthanized on day 1155 and histopathologic evaluations confirmed glioma (astrocytoma). This case shows that chemotherapy with hydroxyurea plus imatinib may be considered in the treatment of canine glioma. Furthermore, this is the first case describing the application of ¹⁸F-FDG and ¹⁸F-FDOPA in a dog with glioma.