新时期农业经济管理的分析与研究

农业经济是我国重要的经济支柱,加强对农业经济的管理,对保证我国的国民经济利 益具有重要的作用。基于此,本文就主要研究新时期的农业经济管理,对开展农业经济管理的 意义进行讨论,并找出管理中存在的问题,然后提出一系列的优化措施和问题解决措施。     

集体林地不同经营模式对林地经营投入的影响——以江西省为例

【目的】试图回答集体林地不同经营模式对农户林地资金投入和劳动力投入的影响,以促进森林资源增长和林业可持续发展。【方法】基于江西省集体林区10个样本县50个样本村500户农户调查数据,运用计量模型分析联户经营、股份合作经营对农户林地资金投入和劳动力投入的影响。【结果】联户经营对农户是否参与资金投入具有显著促进作用,其影响系数为1.013,且联户经营对农户资金投入规模也具有显著正向影响,对资金总投入和单位面积投入的影响系数分别为4.174 和1.909;股份合作经营对农户劳动力投入规模具有显著正向影响,对劳动力总投入和单位面积投入的影响系数分别为0.521 和0.180;股份合作经营对采伐政策具有正向调节作用,联户经营和股份合作经营能够减轻偏远山区交通不便对劳动力投入的限制;农户家庭人力资本、林地状况、经济能力等禀赋对农户林地经营投入也具有不同程度影响。【结论】联户经营和股份合作经营能够促进农户林地经营投入,但目前发展程度较低,对林地资金投入和劳动力投入的影响存在较大差异。为促进林业可持续发展,应引导联户经营和股份合作经营的规范化、程序化,尤其在交通偏远的地区,倡导联户经营和股份合作经营,发挥其成员多、信息广等优势;同时,加强集体林权配套改革和林区基础设施改善,增强农户营林积极性。     

家庭结构演变与居室绿化研究

从家庭结构演变的过程和各阶段家庭生活的特点入手,阐述了设计师在进行居室绿化时,除了关注植物的艺术价值和改善环境的作用外,更应使居室绿化体现和满足处于不同时期的人们对生活的需求.     

Exploring the use of edible and evergreen perennials in living wall systems in the Scandinavian climate

We have performed a field experiment to investigate the survival and vitality of perennial plants in a living wall installed in an industrial area in Malmö, southern Sweden. The main aim of the study was to investigate the possibility of growing edible and evergreen perennial plants in living wall systems in the Scandinavian climate. We conclude that the edible perennial plants Allium schoenoprasum, Calamintha nepeta, and Fragaria vesca are feasible in living wall systems in the Scandinavian climate. Thymus vulgaris is sensitive to the Scandinavian climate, and performed equally poorly in Rockwool panels and in soil-filled containers (controls). We also conclude that the evergreen perennial plant species Chamaecyparis pisifera, Euonymus fortuneii, Euphorbia polychroma, Vinca minor, and Waldsteinia ternata can be grown in green walls, and that the edible evergreen plant Vaccinium vitis-idea is highly suitable for living walls in this climatic region. A. schoenoprasum, C. pisifera, E. fortuneii, I. crenata, L. sylvatica, V. minor, and V. vitis-idea showed 100% survival rates, however, the visual quality of e.g. I. crenata and L. sylvatica was not acceptable for ornamental purposes.     

Incorporating agroforestry practices in the management of walnut plantations in Dauphiné, France: an analysis of farmers‘ motivations

The Dauphiné province in south-eastern France is a major area for walnut orchards. Growers manage their orchards with some specific agroforestry features: grafted walnut trees may be pruned to form a bottom log with a timber end use (dual purpose trees), and intercrops may be grown between the tree lines. These agroforestry practices are however only partially adopted. Three surveys were conducted in 1993, 1995 and 1996 to elicit the farmer motivations for adopting or rejecting agroforestry management features. The walnut industry is a key activity in two parts of Dauphiné: the Isère valley, and the Diois basin. The reasons for adoption of agroforestry practices are discussed. In the Isère valley, the priority is given to walnut production in specialised farms, and the extension services are opposed to agroforestry practices. In the dryer Diois area, the main explanations for agroforestry adoption were the welfare of the farmer family, the age of the farm manager, and the contribution of walnut production to the family income. Dual purpose management schemes were characterised by extended investment return delays, but proved to be the most rewarding schemes when practised with intercrops. A very extensive tree management with few pest control operations improved the profitability. Intensive orchards had a low bequest value at the time of inheritance, in contrast to dual-purpose orchards. The age of the farmer at planting time appeared to be a key criterion for agroforestry management adoption. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Hydraulic Reliability Designing Methods of Gas-Transport Network under High and Medium Pressure

This article analyses the hydraulic reliability of gas -transport network under high andmedium pressure in detail, To increase the hydraulic reliability, it is available to improve the send outpressure in permissible condition.     

Japanese service sector multinationals and the hierarchy of Pacific Rim cities

The explosive growth of Japanese service sector activities overseas since 1985 has had a significant impact on Pacific Rim cities. However, previous accounts of Japanese direct foreign investment in services have been constrained by official statistics which provide comparative information only at a national level. This paper uses establishment level data to assess changes in the spatial patterns of Japanese service firms among 35 cities as well as changes in the hierarchy of cities in the Pacific during the years 1985 to 1995. The period saw important changes in Japan’s economy such as the emergence of a ‘bubble economy’ up to 1990 and domestic recession after that. The results show the importance of Hong Kong, Singapore and Los Angeles as centres of Japanese service firms. However, the analysis indicates that a shift occurred in Japanese service sector focus over the study period, across the Pacific Rim from North America and Oceania to cities of the Asia-Pacific region. Along with that shift the concentration of services in just a few cities has remained unchanged, even though some new cities have emerged in importance.     

The Influence of Interest RateReduction on the Real Estates

The fluctuation of interest rate may affect the market of real estate.In Oct. l997,the central bank declared the interest rate reduction.This will promote the investment in the field of real estate,on the other hand,the developers' interest burden will be reduced as well.Thus,the cost of building will be declined and its price also will fall.At present,if we want to stir the real estate market,the overstocked buildings must be sold .The decline of interest rate makes the goal possible to reach.     

和龙膨润土的不同饲喂量对小鼠的繁殖和体重的影响

本试验是在饲料中添加不同比例的膨润土,对小鼠进行了生长饲喂试验和Ｆ０代两胎繁殖试验,结果表明,添加１％和３％的膨润土与其它组相比,小鼠增重、仔鼠出生重、出生存活率和哺育存活率等差异极显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）或差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）,且３％尤为明显．母鼠怀孕率、妊娠率在添加１％、３％膨润土时也明显高于其它两组．     

关于风险型投资项目的经济分析

在阐述目前投资项目经济分析中存在问题的基础上,探讨了风险贴水率的定值问题,并结合实例给出了风险型投资项目的ＮＰＶ分析法。