中国大规模造林减少大气碳积累的潜力及其成本效益分析

在对中国森林实行永续轮伐的假定下，计算了通过大规模造林来减少大气中ＣＯ２积累的潜力，并进行相应的成本－效益分析。首先把中国分成５个区，在每个区中选择４种造林或森林经营的方式，总计２０种造林或森林经营的方式，根据现有可用于造林的土地面积的资料，对这些造成林或森林经营的方式进行计算。     

Covariation between plant biodiversity and soil systems in a European beech forest and a black pine plantation: the case of Mount Faito,(Campania,Southern Italy)OA

Both climate and land-use changes, including the introduction and spread of allochthonous species, are forecast to affect forest ecosystems. Accordingly, forests will be affected in terms of species composition as well as their soil chemical and biological characteristics. The possible changes in both tree cover and soil system might impact the amount of carbon that is stored in living plants and dead biomass and within the soil itself. Additionally, such alterations can have a strong impact on ...     

惠东绿棋楠沉香构造及化学特征分析

由于绿棋楠沉香是公认的顶级沉香,近年来市场出现大规模的人工栽培绿棋楠沉香,但目前缺乏科学的鉴定依据及精准的质量分级指标,阻碍了绿棋楠沉香功能性产品的开发及拓展。以22批次的惠东绿棋楠沉香为研究对象,结合外观及构造特征、乙醇提取物含量和化学成分分析,研究惠东绿棋楠的特点。结果显示,结香时间为10~18个月的惠东绿棋楠油脂含量丰富,其乙醇提取物在21.45%~53.12%之间,平均值为41.10%,这为绿棋楠的质量分级提供了依据;惠东绿棋楠乙醇提取物中的主要成分为2-(2-苯乙基)色酮类化合物,占其总含量的47.72%~99.29%,是惠东绿棋楠中重要的化学成分,可作为惠东绿棋楠的鉴定依据。     

Effects of light,macronutrients, and sucrose on germination and development of the endangered fern Adiantum reniforme var. sinense (Adiantaceae)

Effects of light, macronutrients strength of Murashige and Skoog (MS) (1962), and sucrose in the culture medium on spore germination and gametophyte development of the endangered fern Adiantum reniforme var. sinense were investigated. The presence of light was found to be essential for both spore germination and gametophyte growth. Moreover, a medium consisting of 1/4 MS with 15 g/l sucrose was optimal for spore germination and early gametophyte development; whereas, MS medium with 30 g/l sucrose was optimal for further gametophyte development. Increasing amounts of sucrose (45–60 g/l) in the medium delayed gametophyte growth and development. Additionally, sporophyte formation and early growth of gametophytes in a medium consisting of clay and peat (v/v = 1:2) was higher than those in a medium consisting of pure river sand. These findings indicated that requirements for nutrients for spore germination and early gametophyte development of A. reniforme var. sinese were relatively low, but these increased with further gametophyte development, formation and growth of sporophytes.     

Soil microbial activity and nutrients of evergreen broad-leaf forests in mid-subtropical region of China

To better understand the effects of forest suc-cession on soil microbial activity, a comparison of soil microbial properties and nutrients was conducted between three forest types representing a natura...     

Winter soil CO2 efflux in two contrasting forest ecosystems on the eastern Tibetan Plateau,China

Significant CO2 fluxes from snow-covered soils occur in cold biomes. However, little is known about winter soil respiration on the eastern Tibetan Plateau of China. We therefore measured winter soil CO...     

保定市常见城市绿化树种对PM2.5滞纳能力的研究

为了探究绿化树种对改善城市污染的影响,选取保定市11种常见城市绿化树种,对其滞纳PM2.5能力进行了探讨。利用冠层分析仪(LAI-2000)、叶面积扫描仪和气溶胶再发生器(QRJZFSQ—I)测定各树种的叶面积指数、单位叶面积PM2.5滞纳量,并计算单位绿地面积PM2.5滞纳量,结果表明:叶面积指数、单位叶面积PM2.5滞纳量、单位绿地面积PM2.5滞纳量3个指标,都是针叶树大于阔叶树,说明针叶树对PM2.5的滞纳能力高于阔叶树;针叶树、阔叶树叶面积指数范围分别为2.172 1~3.026 3、0.873 8~2.120 5,单位叶面积PM2.5滞纳量范围分别为0.53~1.39mg/m~2、0.11~0.34mg/m~2,单位绿地面积PM2.5滞纳量范围分别为1.151 2~4.206 6mg/m~2、0.108 8~0.622 8mg/m~2。     

生物炭基固体酸的制备及其对合成2-叔丁基对苯二酚的催化性能

以黑液固形物和松木粉为原料,经炭化、磺化制备得到黑液固形物磺化固体酸(BLSBC)和松木粉磺化固体酸(WMBC),采用扫描电镜(SEM)、热重分析(TG)、红外光谱(FT-IR)及元素分析对2种生物质炭基固体酸进行表征,并将BLSBC和WMBC催化对苯二酚(HQ)烷基化合成2-叔丁基对苯二酚(2-TBHQ),考察了原料种类和炭化温度对生物基固体酸催化性能的影响。研究结果表明:生物炭固体酸催化剂200℃以内的热稳定性良好,功能基团—SO_3H被成功接枝;催化剂C元素含量的增加及H~+交换容量的降低则归结于温度的影响,同温度条件下WMBC的H~+交换容量高于BLSBC。HQ转化率随着催化剂的H~+交换容量的降低而不断降低,而2-TBHQ选择性则取决于H~+交换容量与羟基含量的协同效应;与商业催化剂Amberlyst-15树脂、732树脂相比,450℃制备得到的WMBC(WMBC-450)表现出更高的催化活性,2-TBHQ有最高的选择性(83.8%)和产率(57.6%)。     

一些化学药剂对香雪兰切花保鲜的影响

６－苄基腺嘌呤（６－ＢＡ）、硫代硫酸银（ＳＴＳ）、二氯化钴（ＣｏＣｌ２）、乙醇等化学药剂均可不同程度地影响香雪兰切花瓶插寿命和品质。其中,６－ＢＡ、ＳＴＳ对香雪兰切花的保鲜特别是品质改善方面效果明显,ＣｏＣｌ２的保鲜效果亦较好,但有使花朵色彩变浅的现象     

台湾金线连微繁技术的改进与移栽研究

台湾金线连经组织培养诱芽微繁能形成完整植株,但生长太慢,繁殖系数太低。在诱芽培养基中添加2,4D,改用诱导类原球茎微繁,能提高繁殖系数和植株的生长速度,并能移栽成活。通过对试管苗移栽前的生根处理和移栽基质的研究,摸索出了提高移栽成活率的经验。