果树育种学实验课教学改革——以河北科技师范学院为例

为提升河北科技师范学院果树育种学实验课程的教学质量,从果树育种学实验教学内容、教学方法和考核方式方面探索进行教学改革。改革提高了学生的实践动手能力和创新能力,显著提高了果树育种学实验课的教学效果和教学质量。     

新时期农业科技推广体系的创新与构建

随着我国农村经济和社会的发展,农业科技推广的定义、本质、目的、目标及任务应当重新界定.我国现行农业科技推广体系存在着农业科技推广工作效率较低,推广人员热情不高等主要问题.构建科学、适用的当代中国农业科技推广体系的主体构架,即建立农业科技推广体系的程序构架,最关键的是要建立农业科技推广应当遵循的原则,创新现有的农业科技推广模式,并做好效益评估.     

基于创新能力培养的高校信息素质教育研究综述

培养创新型人才是当前中国高校教育改革和转型的目标,信息素质与创新能力培养二者相辅相成,可以起到相互促进的作用。当前学者的研究热点主要集中在创新能力培养和信息素质教育的基本概念、内涵,以及两者之间的关系,信息素质教育的现状和措施等方面。研究对改进信息素质教育,推进大学生创新能力培养具有深远的影响,为构建科学合理的创新能力培养教育模式开拓了新思路。     

小规模景区经营管理探析

从我国旅游景区的未来发展趋势入手,深入分析小规模景区的相对优势,走差异化道路,探索适合小规模景区的经营管理策略,以解决这类景区的生存和发展问题,促进旅游景区市场的整体和谐发展。     

科技创新保障粮食安全的新思考——中美贸易摩擦背景下中国粮食增产增效的路径选择

2018年,在中美贸易摩擦不断加剧的新形势下,保障国家粮食安全的任务更加艰巨。中国粮食依靠传统方式来实现增产、增效必将难以持续,需依靠科技创新走内涵式增产增效道路来提升粮食产业竞争力。通过对近几年粮食生产最新数据的统计分析,采用实地调研、文献梳理、定性分析等方法对新时期科技创新支撑粮食安全的新情况、新问题进行了深入研究。当前中国科技创新在保障粮食安全方面的突出问题包括:科技成果转化最后一公里的"诅咒"难以破解、科技创新体系不健全、科研经费投入结构有待优化和技术服务人才不足等。笔者提出深化粮食科研院所改革,构建上下协同、功能互补、配置高效的粮食科技协同创新体系,持续推进粮食品种与区域结构调整,加强精深加工与冷链物流等技术与设备研发,开展粮食绿色增产模式攻关,建立粮食作物全程机械化生产技术与装备体系等方法,促进粮食安全科技保障能力稳步提升。     

创新农业普法机制 努力促进依法治农 ——江苏省泰州市农业部门创新普法工作机制的实践与思考

从江苏省泰州市农业部门近几年普法工作的新实践出发，提出了一套农业普法工作的新机制，并探讨了保障普法工作取得实效的配套措施。     

Agritechnica 2011创新奖介绍与评析

汉诺威国际农业机械展览会是全球最具影响力的农机展览盛会,被称为国际农机行业发展的风向标和晴雨表。2011年汉诺威国际农业机械展览会（Agritechnica 2011）,主办方德国农业协会（DLG）组织的创新评奖,共评出41项创新发明,其中2项获得创新金奖,39项获得创新银奖。该文介绍了这些获奖的技术（产品）,将国际农机行业最新的发展趋势和先进技术介绍给国内同行,旨在通过对比认识到我国农机行业的差距,以便更好地发展我国的农机科研工作。      

信息技术的发展与农业生态工程创新

信息技术在农业上的应用日渐成为农业研究的热点。为此，论述了信息技术在农业生产中应用发展，并根据我国多年农业生态工程建设的实践，阐明了农业生态工程研究中的技术路线和原则；从生态工程设计和支持手段、综合发展等方面，论述了基于信息技术的农业生态工程创新。     

Wandering off the paths of planned innovation: The role of formal and informal intermediaries in a large-scale irrigation scheme in Morocco

For many years, large-scale irrigation around the world was based on state-driven water management and on a planned innovation process and diffusionist extension services. The purpose of this study is to show that formal extension services are not the only intermediaries of innovation and that local innovations take place at the initiative of farmers even in state-driven irrigation schemes. The study addressed changes in farming systems in a large-scale irrigation scheme in Morocco from two angles: a review of planned innovations and analysis of the actual innovation process at the village level. We show that the implementation of the large-scale irrigation scheme contributed to agricultural development, but often indirectly, and that it was not the only source of innovation. We also show how these results support recent thinking on innovation systems. Today, informal labour, neighbour and marketing networks are the main innovation intermediaries. New practices in agricultural extension are required to facilitate local innovations and to link farmers to more global innovation networks.     

Adaptive management in agricultural innovation systems: The interactions between innovation networks and their environment

The purpose of this article is to investigate effective reformism: strategies that innovation networks deploy to create changes in their environment in order to establish a more conducive context for the realization and durable embedding of their innovation projects. Using a case study approach, effective reformism efforts are analyzed in a technological innovation trajectory related to the implementation of a new poultry husbandry system and an organizational innovation trajectory concerning new ways of co-operation among individual farms to establish economies of scale. The findings reinforce the idea, emerging from a complexity perspective on agricultural innovation systems, that interaction between innovation networks and their environment is only steerable to a limited extent. Nonetheless, innovation networks can enhance effective reformism by creating tangible visions that serve as vehicles to create understanding about the innovation and mobilize support for it, and by employing several kinds of boundary spanning individuals that are able to forge effective connections between innovation networks and their environment. Because innovation networks can only partially influence their institutional environment, and because unintended consequences of actions and random events influence the course of the innovation process, innovation network actors need to continuously re-interpret the contexts in which they move. This constant reflection by the innovating actors on their position vis-à-vis their environment needs to be supported by dedicated facilitators and monitoring and evaluation methods aimed at system learning. This implies that agricultural innovation policies should, instead of aiming to fully plan and control innovation, foster the emergence of such flexible support instruments that enable adaptive innovation management.