Preliminary findings of altered follicular activity in Holstein cows with coagulation factor XI deficiency

Factor XI (F XI) deficiency is an autosomal recessive coagulopathy found in Holstein cattle. Affected animals have a 50% greater prevalence of repeat breeding. Therefore, several parameters describing ovarian function were studied. Daily blood sampling revealed that progesterone concentrations were slower to decline from a peak at day 16 (p<0.01) to values less than 3 nmol/L in F XI-deficient cows (5.14±0.69 days (mean ± SD) versus 4.05±0.63 days in control animals), resulting in an oestrous cycle length of 24.7±2.1 days compared to 22.9±3.0 days, respectively. This was not due to an alteration in the availability of prostaglandin F₂ (PGF₂) or oxytocin (OT) involved in luteolysis. No significant differences (p>0.05) were seen between normal (n=7) and F XI-deficient (n=7) cows in the peak values or the area under the curve for the pulse in 13,14-dihydro-15-keto PGF₂ in response to OT challenge or in the parameters describing the pulse of ovarian OT secretion after PGF₂ injection (n=7 for each) between days 12 and 14. Ovulatory follicular development was assessed by ultrasound monitoring and plasma 17-oestradiol values at 8-h intervals after a luteolytic injection of cloprostenol (n=6 for each). Follicular diameter was smaller (p<0.05) and accompanied by lower peak oestradiol values near the time of ovulation in F XI-deficient cows. The results suggest that the oestrous cycle in F XI-deficient cows is characterized by a slower process of luteolysis that may be associated with smaller follicular development.Abbreviations F XI factor XI - OT oxytocin - PGF₂ prostaglandin F₂ - PGFM 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin F₂ - i.m. intramuscularly     

Fas/FasL系统调控公牛精子发生的研究进展

牛的精子发生是一个特殊的雄性生殖细胞的分化、增殖和凋亡的过程。在这一过程中,生殖细胞总是不断地处于分化和凋亡的动态平衡之中。凋亡信号转导分子Fas和FasL组成的Fas/FasL系统不但在细胞自稳和疾病发生中具有重要作用,而且参与调控牛的精子发生。当Fas和FasL表达异常时,直接影响生殖细胞的发育和增殖。作者通过阐明Fas/FasL系统在牛精子发生过程中的调控机理,为提高种公牛的繁殖性能开创一条新的途径。     

绿僵菌MS01菌株的生物学特性及在不同温湿度下对光肩星天牛幼虫的致病力

光肩星天牛(Anoplophora glabripennis)是我国重要的多食性蛀干害虫,已造成经济、生态、社会效益的重大损失(张星耀等,2003;萧刚柔,1992),长期以来,我国投入了大量的人力物力用于防治光肩星天牛(孙福在等,1997;张波等,1999;张永安等,2003),但对光肩星天牛等害虫的有效生物防治方法并不多.     

四倍体沙01梨F_1代染色体数目鉴定

本文对四倍体沙 0 1梨 F1 代单株进行了染色体数目鉴定 ,共 8个组合 1 0 7株 ,发现4 9株三倍体 2 n=3 x=51 ,其中 1株为大水核×沙 0 1 F1 代 ,2 6株为沙 0 1×大南果梨 F1 代 ,3株为大南果梨×沙 0 1 F1 代 ,1 1株为沙 0 1×秦酥 F1 代 ,2株为安梨×沙 0 1 F1 代 ,6株为沙 0 1×金花 4号 F1 代 ,三倍体出现率为 4 5.8 ;1株为四倍体 2 n=4 x=68 ,系安梨×沙 0 1 F1 代 ,占观察总数的 0 .9 ;1 0株为非整倍体 ,均为三倍体作母本的 F1 代 ,占观察总数的 9.3 .结果表明 ,沙 0 1梨作母本 ,二倍体大南果梨作父本 ,是获得三倍体单株的理想组合 ,沙 0 1是倍性育种的优异种质资源     

蛹虫草Fjnu-01菌株发酵液及菌丝体干粉对果蝇寿命的影响

[目的]明确蛹虫草发酵液及菌丝体干粉对果蝇寿命的影响效果,为研发蛹虫草抗衰老食品提供理论依据.[方法]分别采用低(0.5％)、中(1.0％)、高(1.5％)剂量蛹虫草Fjnu-01菌株发酵液及发酵菌丝体干粉喂养果蝇,以最高寿命、平均寿命及寿命延长率3个指标评价其对果蝇寿命的影响.[结果]蛹虫草Fjnu-01菌株发酵液及菌丝体干粉均能极显著提高果蝇的平均寿命和最高寿命(P＜0.01).当发酵液添加量为1.5％时,对雌、雄性果蝇的寿命延长率最高,分别为79.09％和74.86％;当菌丝体干粉添加量为1.5％时,对雌、雄性果蝇的寿命延长率也最高,分别为71.18％和68.57％.[结论]蛹虫草Fjnu-01菌株发酵液及菌丝体干粉对果蝇寿命均有极显著的延长作用,且发酵液对果蝇的寿命延长效果优于菌丝体干粉,蛹虫草Fjnu-01菌株发酵液及菌丝体干粉对雌性果蝇的寿命延长效果优于雄性果蝇.     

生防菌剂在烟草青枯病防治中的应用

通过大田对比试验,研究了生防菌剂XE01对烟草青枯病的防治效果。结果表明,生防菌制剂XE01较目前使用的农用链霉素在防治烟草青枯病上更具优势,能有效降低烟草青枯病发病几率和发病程度,防效较72%农用硫酸链霉素提高13.39个百分点;在一定程度上提高烟叶产量和质量,产量较72%农用硫酸链霉素和空白对照区增加1.71%和7.60%,上等烟比例分别增加2.36、5.49个百分点,上中烟比例分别增加0.28、10.01个百分点,具有较好的推广应用价值。     

Quantitative Analysis of Influence Force of Shanghai Expo on GGDP

Quantitative study of the impact of Shanghai World Expo on green GDP （GGDP） is significant for deploying sustainable development policy in China. The formula of GGDP is： GGDP = GDP--the loss of natural resources environment relegation cost ＋ comprehensive utilized value of waste. Based on this, the study employed vector autoregressive （VAR） model to predict the value of GGDP and other economic variables on condition that there was no Shanghai World Expo. Then Influence of Expo is defined as the rate of increase of GGDP. The result demonstrated that Shanghai World Expo had accelerated the growth rate of GGDP vastly with the elimination of effect of Beijing Olympics. Additionally, the quantitative analysis between GGDP and other economic variables suggested GGDP would replace GDP to evaluate the development of economy. Finally, the paper proposed that incidents like World Expo can enhance the level of influence for a country and that post-impact of Shanghai Expo should continue to be used to promote GGDP and that GGDP should serve as one of the indicators in assessment of political achievement.     

Polymorphisms of α-amylase activity in barley landraces and cultivars from China

Summary -Amylase activity was assayed by measuring reducing power equivalent for 80 accessions of cultivated barley, Hordeum vulgare L., representing major barley growing areas of China. Replications were applied at two different levels of the experiment and enzyme activity was assayed on four consecutive days starting on the 6th day after germination. The area under the curve formed by connecting the four data points was integrated as the measurement of -amylase activity. The results established that there was extensive variation in -amylase activity in cultivated barley; about three-fold difference existed among accessions assayed. Comparisons were also made between six- and two-rowed, and between covered and naked barleys. The results showed that high -amylase activity was not necessarily associated with six-rowed type, and that covered barleys were slightly higher in -amylase activity than naked ones.     

烟粉虱病原真菌IfB01菌株的鉴定及产孢条件优化

【目的】对从烟粉虱上分离的If B01菌株进行分类学鉴定并优化其产孢条件.【方法】采用形态学、ITS1-5.8SITS2 rDNA和β-微管蛋白基因序列同源性分析方法鉴定该菌株;比较不同培养基、培养基含水量、pH、接种量与金属元素对分生孢子产量的影响,优化产孢条件.【结果和结论】该菌株菌落形态、分生孢子及产孢结构与玫烟色棒孢霉Isaria fumosorosea相似,其ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rDNA和β-微管蛋白DNA序列与玫烟色棒孢霉和爪哇拟青霉Paecilomyces javanicus相似性高于97%,将该菌株鉴定为玫烟色棒孢霉.培养基配方对If B01菌株分生孢子产量影响显著,玉米粉+麦麸混合培养基产孢量最多,1 g培养基产孢量为6.07×109;麦麸∶玉米粉质量比为5∶5、培养基含水量(w)为42%、接种量为6 m L菌液时,其产孢量最高;该菌株对pH的适应范围较广,pH 5~8时,都有较好的产孢量;金属元素对产孢无促进作用,且镁、铁、钠和钙对If B01产孢均有抑制作用.     

红甜菜新品种"甜研红1号"的选育

红甜菜新品种"甜研红1号"是以二倍体食用红甜菜品系S203为母本,以二倍体食用红甜菜品系Y219为父本,杂交而成的新品种。该品种2005～2006年在黑龙江省品种区域试验中,平均根产量达45.0t/hm2,超对照种18.9%;平均含糖(锤度)为8.8%,高于对照0.4度;食用根中平均粗蛋白含量达到17.8%,较对照提高0.3%,粗纤维含量达到12.7%,较对照品种提高0.9%。在生产试验中,平均根产量为43.6t/hm2,比对照种提高18.6%;平均含糖(锤度)为8.7%,高于对照品种0.4度;粗蛋白达到18.3%,较对照提高0.4%;粗纤维含量为12.8%,比对照提高1.0%。"甜研红1号"中抗甜菜褐斑病和根腐病,易于收获。该品种适于在东北、内蒙古、西北等地区种植。2007年2月通过了黑龙江省农作物品种审定委员会审定并正式命名。