贵州省核桃种质资源及其利用评价

在资源调查的基础上,明确了贵州核桃资源共有4属11种,全省均有分布,以铁核桃为主,占资源总量的80%以上。对贵州省核桃种质资源的特性和主要经济性状进行了描述。指出贵州核桃资源在优株选育、砧木利用等方面的利用情况,并对贵州核桃资源的开发利用提出了建议。     

贵州省兴仁县2011玉米垄作覆膜栽培技术试验总结

通过2011年实施玉米抗旱栽培技术—玉米大小垄覆膜栽培技术试验,以期通过试验,探索贵州省玉米大小垄覆膜栽培技术和玉米增产技术,为贵州省玉米主产区高产栽培提供科学依据。     

黔东武陵山区水稻轻简化栽培技术及现状

随着农业经济结构的调整,农村劳动力的外流、劳动力成本的增加和老龄化,导致从事农业生产的劳动力越来越少,推行水稻轻简化栽培越显重要。水稻轻简化栽培具有省工、省力、节本增效的优点,是目前山区适宜推广的水稻高效栽培技术,也是实现水稻增产稳产的有效途径。介绍黔东武陵山区水稻轻简化栽培技术的现状和技术流程,分析其推广应用过程中存在的问题,提出未来水稻轻简化栽培技术的发展方向,以促进该技术在黔东武陵山区的推广应用。     

贵州凤冈县有机农业发展规划与对策

在全面分析区域概况和有机农业开发优势、存在主要问题的基础上,探讨了贵州省凤冈县有机农业发展规划的总体布局,在发展思路、重点产业、营销体系和保障体系等诸多方面进行了全面策划,并提出了凤冈县有机农业发展的对策.     

毕节试验区生态园林城市建设对策研究

介绍毕节试验区生态园林城市建设的现状和存在的问题,结合毕节试验区的实际情况,提出了相应的对策,以为构建富有毕节市地方特色的生态园林城市景观提供一定的参考。     

贵州林业发展区划数量化划分研究

以贵州省的地形、气候、植被等自然条件和生态状况,以及社会经济状况为基础,通过对影响贵州省林业发展的20项因子98个县级单位进行主成分分析,并采用最短距离的聚类方法,对这98个县级单位进行聚类分析.结果表明:乔木林面积、农民人均纯收入、年均无霜期、有林地每公顷蓄积、年均日照时数和生态区位等级因子表现突出;98个县级单位可...     

贵州苔类-新记录属—浮苔属Ricciocarpus

首次发现了浮苔属Ricciocarpus在贵州梵净山自然保护区的新分布,描述了其形态特征及生境,并对其绘图.     

Speciation in the parthenogenetic oribatid mite genus Tectocepheus (Acari, Oribatida) as indicated by molecular phylogeny

Despite the lack of universal concepts for species and speciation, both sexual and asexual organisms are expected to diversify into discrete genotypic and morphological clusters. Species-rich clusters of parthenogenetic oribatid mites likely evolved in the absence of sexual reproduction. We used nucleotide sequences of the large and small rDNA genes (18S and 28S) and the coding genes for heat shock protein 82 (hsp82) and elongation factor-1 alpha (ef-1α) for phylogenetic analyses of three morphotypes of the parthenogenetic oribatid mite genus Tectocepheus. DNA sequence divergences of the different morphotypes were similar to those of sexual species in other organisms. Maximum likelihood analyses of single genes and combined data sets were largely congruent in reconstructing the phylogeny of the Tectocepheus species. The results suggest that the different morphotypes of Tectocepheus indeed evolved in the absence of sexual reproduction, and that Tectocepheus minor, Tectocepheus velatus and Tectocepheus sarekensis are best considered distinct species. Further, the results suggest that 18S rDNA, hsp82 and ef-1α are powerful markers for resolving phylogenetic relationships of oribatid mites. Saturation plots indicated that the D3-region of 28S is much more saturated than all other examined genes. This indicates that the D3-region is unsuitable for resolving ancient splits in oribatid mites.     

Exploring genetic diversity of rice cultivars for the presence of brown planthopper (BPH) resistance genes and development of SNP marker for Bph18

Brown planthopper (BPH) is the most devastating insect pest in rice‐growing areas. Information on availability of BPH resistance alleles and their sources enhances BPH‐resistant breeding programmes. In this study, 260 highly diversified rice cultivars or breeding lines were screened for the presence of five major BPH resistance genes (Bph10, Bph13, Bph18, Bph20 and Bph21) using gene‐specific markers. The analysis revealed that 137 of the 260 cultivars possess at least one BPH resistance gene. Bph10 was predominant while Bph20 was the least distributed. Moreover, two and three different resistance gene combinations were found in the cultivars. Molecular markers play an important role in molecular breeding programmes. A tightly linked PCR‐based co‐dominant Bph18 marker was developed, which is cost effective and time effective and simpler than available Bph18 CAPS marker (7312.T4A). We strongly believe that the identified BPH‐resistant cultivars can be used as alternative resistance gene sources and also as resource for novel BPH resistance genes. The developed Bph18 marker will be highly useful in molecular breeding applications of BPH‐resistant breeding programmes.     

贵州省拟松材线虫病的风险性分析

采用多指标综合评价方法对贵州省拟松材线虫病的危险性进行了分析。通过风险性分析和计算,得出拟松材线虫是松树的重要病害种类,其R值为1.74,属于中度危险的林业有害生物。在此基础上,探讨了贵州省拟松材线虫病的风险管理方法。