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21.
高寒地区耐寒苜蓿品种和适宜栽培技术的缺乏,严重阻碍着该区域旱作苜蓿和草地畜牧业的发展。于东祁连山甘肃天祝高寒牧区通过设置平膜全覆、垄沟覆膜、垄沟覆膜+覆土和垄沟(不覆膜)4种种植方式,探讨不同种植方式对苜蓿草地土壤温度和水分的影响,旨在为祁连山高寒区苜蓿的高产栽培提供理论依据。结果表明,高寒区平膜全覆种植方式的增温效果最佳,其次为垄沟覆膜、垄沟,垄沟覆膜+覆土最弱。地膜提温主要在苜蓿生长初期(5月)和生长期(6-7月),主要集中在0~15 cm的浅层土壤。5-9月平膜全覆0~25 cm土层白天平均温度为19.83 ℃,分别比垄沟覆膜、垄沟覆膜+覆土和垄沟处理同期同层高出1.85 ℃、3.04 ℃和2.98 ℃。垄沟覆膜处理下土壤含水量最大,其土壤含水量比平膜全覆、垄沟覆膜+覆土和垄沟处理的土壤含水量高4.3%~14.5%,4.2%~13.8%和14.3%~24.8%。平膜全覆对天祝高寒区苜蓿生长在温度上的贡献最大,而垄沟覆膜在水分上的贡献最大。  相似文献   
22.
氨基酸络合铁对生长猪生长性能及有关指标的影响   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
为了比较评估氨基酸络合铁对生长猪生长性能、铁表观消化率、肤色和血液指标的影响,试验选择70日龄初始体重(27.34±2.55)kg的杜×长×大生长猪108头,分为6个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复3头猪。试验用玉米-豆粕型基础日粮。在基础日粮中添加100 mg/kg无机铁(一水硫酸亚铁)构成对照组。在对照组基础上分别添加40、80、120、160 mg/kg氨基酸络合铁构成4个试验组,在对照组基础上添加160 mg/kg无机铁(一水硫酸亚铁)构成正对照组,试验期5周。结果表明:试验0~2周、3~5周及全期,随着日粮中氨基酸铁添加量由40 mg/kg增加到160 mg/kg,生长猪日增重和饲料转化效率均得到改善,并呈极显著的线性关系(P<0.01)。与无机铁日粮组相比,添加160 mg/kg氨基酸络合铁试验组极显著地改善了平均日增重(P<0.01)和饲料转化效率(P<0.05);试验第14天和第35天,随着日粮中氨基酸络合铁添加水平的增加,生长猪对日粮中铁元素的表观消化率均呈显著的线性增加关系(P<0.05),添加160 mg/kg氨基酸络合铁试验组铁元素的表观消化率极显著高于对照组和正对照组(P<0.01);试验第14天和第35天,随着日粮中氨基酸络合铁添加水平的提高,红细胞压积、血红蛋白浓度、血清铁和血清铁与总铁结合力之比都呈显著的线性增加关系(P<0.05),并高于无机铁日粮组(P<0.01),而血清总铁结合力呈显著的线性降低关系(P<0.05);在试验期末,160 mg/kg氨基酸络合铁日粮组显著改善生长猪的肤色状况(P<0.05)。与添加硫酸亚铁相比,在生长猪日粮中添加氨基酸铁络合物可提高生长猪的生长性能和铁表观消化率,改善皮肤红度及血液生化指标。  相似文献   
23.
利用SAS统计分析软件中的GLM过程分析了不同出生年度、不同出生季节和不同代次对夏南牛体尺性状的影响。结果表明:出生年度和代次对夏南牛各年龄阶段体尺性状的影响显著(P<0.05);出生季节对夏南牛各年龄阶段体尺性状的影响不显著(P>0.05)。  相似文献   
24.
安徽白山羊杂交效应   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
对安徽白山羊及其二元杂交组合(波×安,萨×安)、三元杂交组合(波×萨×安,马×萨×安)和级进杂交组合(波×波×安)研究表明:(1)杂交能提高安徽白山羊的生长发育速度。二元杂交和三元杂交组合在6月龄前生长较快,6月龄后变慢;级进杂交在8月龄前生长较快。(2)无论是二元杂交还是三元杂交,均能提高安徽白山羊的产肉性能(P<0 01,P<0 05),但肉质有下降的趋势,三元杂交比二元杂交下降更多。(3)二元杂交和三元杂交能够增大安徽白山羊板皮面积(P<0 01,P<0 05),减小毛纤维密度,二元杂交使板皮的均匀度提高。  相似文献   
25.
普宗朝  张山清 《草业科学》2021,38(1):110-121
基于新疆102个气象台站1961−2019年逐日平均气温、最低气温资料,采用统计学方法以及ArcGIS的空间插值技术,在对影响新疆紫花苜蓿种植的主要气候因子 ≥ 5 ℃积温、冬季最低气温时空变化特征分析的基础上,以80%保证率 ≥ 5 ℃积温和90%保证率冬季最低气温作为指标因子,研究了气候变暖背景下,新疆不同秋眠级紫...  相似文献   
26.
During oocyte growth and follicle development, oocytes closely communicate with cumulus cells. We examined the effects of oocyte-derived growth factors, growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) and bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15), on the growth and acquisition of meiotic competence of porcine oocytes collected from early antral follicles (1.2–1.5 mm). First, we confirmed that GDF9 and BMP15 mRNAs were expressed almost exclusively in the oocytes. Oocyte–cumulus cell complexes (OCCs) collected from early antral follicles were cultured in growth medium supplemented with 0–100 ng/ml of GDF9 or BMP15 for 5 days. GDF9 dose-dependently increased the OCC diameter, while BMP15 did not. GDF9 and BMP15 had no significant effects on oocyte growth (P > 0.05). When OCCs that had been cultured with 50 and 100 ng/ml BMP15 were subjected to a subsequent maturation culture, they expanded fully by gonadotropic stimulation and 49% and 61% of oocytes matured to metaphase II (MII), respectively. In contrast, GDF9 did not promote cumulus expansion, and < 10% of oocytes matured to MII. Based on the difference in cumulus expansion, we compared the expression of luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) and follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) mRNAs in cumulus cells. The level of LHCGR mRNA was increased in cumulus cells of the BMP15 group, although there were no significant differences in FSHR mRNA levels among the groups. These results suggest that GDF9 promotes the growth of OCCs and that BMP15 promotes LHCGR mRNA expression in cumulus cells during oocyte growth culture, which may contribute to cumulus expansion and oocyte maturation.  相似文献   
27.
Infrared thermography (IRT) is a passive, remote, and noninvasive method of measuring surface temperatures. Select surface locations, such as the eye, could indicate body temperature. To investigate whether thermographic eye temperatures were associated with body temperatures and could be used to detect febrile ponies, we measured IRT eye temperatures, rectal temperatures, and implanted thermal microchip temperatures from 24 male ponies daily for 3 consecutive days. Information regarding distance of the pony from the IRT device, presence of direct sunlight during the measurement period, and ambient temperature were also collected. A multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that 60.41% of the variance in IRT was accounted for by rectal temperature, sunlight, and distance between the camera and the pony, with rectal temperature being the major contributor to variance (46.23%). Using a rectal temperature of >38.6°C (101.5°F) as the indicator of febrile status, sensitivity and specificity of the IRT device used to detect the febrile ponies were found to be 74.6% and 92.3%, respectively, when using the maximum IRT eye temperature per pony per day. In conclusion, IRT eye temperature could be a preliminary screening tool to determine whether a more time-consuming, labor-intensive, and invasive method (e.g., rectal temperature) is warranted for fever validation.  相似文献   
28.
本试验对甘肃河西地区西杂1-2岁和周岁以下的犊牛连续用促生长剂“畜大壮”分阶段进行耳根埋植,试验结果表明,4-6月龄犊牛全期180天,试验组增重和平均日增重分别为5.5kg和308.33g,试验组比对照组提高37.25kg和206.94g(P〈0.01),1-2岁牛全期180天,试验组平均增重和日增重分别为56.43kg和314.49g,试验缄比对照组分别提高30.03kg和166.82g差异显著  相似文献   
29.
本研究对初生、21、28、30、60、90、120、150、180日龄和12月龄等不同阶段中国白兔的增重、成活率和繁殖性能进行测定,结果如下:窝均产仔8.07只,初生产49.16克,28日龄断奶产285.96克,断奶成活率94.92%;90日龄产971.10克,成活率82.22%;180日龄产1732.78克,成活率91.22%;成年体重2273.33克。结果显示:中国白兔成年体重小,生长速度较慢,但繁殖能力强,成活率高  相似文献   
30.
Ambient temperature during early stages of life has a substantial effect on physiological processes, eliciting phenotypic plasticity during zebrafish developmental stages. Zebrafish are known to possess a noteworthy ability to modify their phenotype in dependence of environmental factors. However, there is a poor understanding of the effects of temperature during embryogenesis, which influences the biological functions such as survival ability and masculinization in later developmental stages. Since the middle embryonic phase (pharyngula period) is genetically the most conserved stage in embryogenesis, it is very susceptible to embryonic lethality in developmental processes of vertebrates. Here, we tested the effect of transient perturbations (heat shock) during early development (5–24 hr post‐fertilization; hpf) at 35°C compared to control group at 28°C, on survival ability of zebrafish to study the embryonic and post‐embryonic mortality. We studied the variation of heat‐induced masculinization among and across the families in response to high temperature. Furthermore, morphometric traits of adult zebrafish at different developmental time points were measured in order to estimate the temperature × sex interaction effect. We found the highest embryonic mortality around the gastrula and segmentation periods in both experimental groups, with significantly lower survival ability in the temperature‐treated group (73.30% ± 0.58% vs. 70.19% ± 0.57%, respectively). A higher hatching success was observed in the control group (71.08% ± 0.61%) compared to the heat‐induced group (67.95% ± 0.60%). A distinct reduction in survival ability was also observed in both experimental groups during the first two weeks after hatching, followed by a reduced level of changes thereafter. We found sex ratio imbalances across all families, with 25.2% more males under temperature treatment. Our study on growth performance has shown a positive effect of increased temperature on growth plasticity, with a greater impact on female fish in response to high ambient temperature.  相似文献   
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