Variation in TBX3 Gene Region in Dun Coat Color Polish Konik Horses

The Polish Konik is a primitive breed of horse, most likely descended directly from the wild extinct forest equus so-called Tarpan (Equus ferus ferus). The studbook of this breed is closed, and only individuals with blue dun in color with a well-developed black middorsal stripe and other primitive markings are entered. The aim of the presented study was the investigation of genetic background of dun phenotype in Polish Konik horses. A total of 93 Polish Koniks were investigated toward single nucleotide polymorphisms in a region of TBX3 gene by Sanger sequencing method. Obtained results confirmed that all investigated horses carry dun dilution genotype. Two new variants were identified which have not been previously described [WT/WT-G/G-A/G; WT/del-G/del-G/G]. Furthermore, our results showed in population of Polish Koniks occurrence of the rare genotype recently found in Estonian-native horses.     

基因组原位杂交技术在植物研究中的应用

基因组原位杂交是以亲本之一的总基因组DNA做探针,另一亲本的基因组DNA做封阻,在荧光原位杂交技术的基础上发展起来的一种染色体/染色质检测技术。在其发展的十几年里,已在植物的基因组研究中发挥了重要的作用。应用这一技术可对多倍体中基因组之间的亲缘关系、基因组组成及起源进行研究;对杂交种中染色体组的组成进行分析;对代换系、附加系和易位系进行有效的鉴定,并对其中的外源染色体或染色体片段的来源、大小、数目及发生位点进行检测和定位。此外,利用基因组原位杂交技术还有助于确定物种间的同源性;研究杂交种中来源不同的染色质在核中的分布;探索B染色体的起源、染色体间的配对、重组、交换等现象。随着基因组荧光原位杂交技术体系的不断发展、完善和改进,其应用范围不断拓展,在植物基因组研究领域中发挥了越来越重要的作用。     

Ancient Polyploidy and Modem Crop Plants

The growing set of fully-sequenced angiosperm genomes highlight the role of polyploidy in angiosperm evolution, and suggest that even the high level of importance we had already attributed to this mechanism was inadequate. Gene loss following whole-genome duplication events has contributed much to the incongruities that we observe in comparative genetic maps, and presumably has also contributed to functional divergence of taxa. Ancient genome duplication has several consequences for levels and patterns of variation in modern plant populations, in particular contributing to the relatively conservative evolution of duplicated genes even at distant locations from one another in the genome. Comparison of gene retention/loss following independent whole-genome duplication events suggests patterns that may be relevant to the survival and productivity of newly-formed polyploids, with numerous implications for crop improvement.     

CYTOGENETIC INVESTIGATION OF THE HYBRID BETWEEN AEGILOPS TAUSCHH AMD PSATHYROSTACHYS HUASHANICA

<正> An intergeneric hybrid between Aegilops tauschti Cosson. an annual diploid grass. and Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng, a perenmal diploid grass. The F_1 hybrid plant had chromosome number of 2n=2x=14. and was annual and morphologically intermediate between two parents. Meiotic analysis showed that this F_1 hybrid had an average of 12.20 univalants, 0.12 rod bivalents ad 0.004 quadrivalents at MI of the pollen-mother-cells. Multipolar division, irregular ctyokinesis. conjungation opening and coenocyte were observed in this hybrid. These results suggested that the D genome in the Ae. tauschii was distantly related to the N genome in the P huashanica.     

六倍体裸燕麦(Avena nuda L.)染色体组型分析

本实验对六倍体裸燕素(Avena nuda L.)进行染色体组型研究。该品种染色体数目为:2n=6x=42,是稳定的六倍体。并对其染色体形态特征进行了研究。六倍体裸燕麦(代1109)的21对染色体中,有10对为中着丝点染色体(M),有8对近中着丝点染色体(SM),有3对具有随体的染色体(SAt)。其染色体组型为:2n=20M+16SM+6SAt。为燕麦分类提供了细胞学依据。     

全站仪与平板仪相结合测绘地图

数字化测绘图是目前最为流行的测图方式，但由于全站仪价格较高，还不能完全代替传统的平板仪测图方式，那么如何发挥传统测量方式在现代化测绘图中的作用，本文通过理论与实践对这一问题进行一些探索。     

Aesthetic preferences of non-farmers and farmers for different land-use types and proportions of ecological compensation areas in the Swiss lowlands

Beyond its traditional function of food production, agricultural land offers public amenities such as the protection of natural resources and landscape scenery. This study investigates the preferences of non-farmers and farmers for nine landscape scenarios in the Swiss lowlands. The nine landscapes were the result of a photo editing process combining three land-use types (arable crops, grassland and a mixture of both) and three proportions of ecological compensation areas (0%, 10% and 30%). The landscape photographs were randomly arranged on one page of a paper-based questionnaire which was sent to a random sample of 4000 Swiss households (non-farmers) and 500 farmers. The respondents (1376 non-farmers and 276 farmers) rated each landscape by attractiveness. Both non-farmers and farmers preferred a mixed land-use type or one dominated by arable crops over one dominated by grassland. Non-farmers’ preference ratings were highly influenced by the proportion of ecological compensation areas (ECAs) in the rated landscape: Non-farmers rated a landscape with a mixed land-use type and 30% ECAs highest, whereas farmers rated a landscape dominated by arable crops and 10% ECAs highest. The results indicate that heterogeneous landscapes (mixed land use, high proportion of ECAs) influence scenic beauty positively. Thus, farming practices and agro-environment schemes such as ECAs can have an impact on the visual attractiveness of a landscape.     

编辑好手机报的五点经验

以《巴彦淖尔市招商时讯》为例,总结了手机报两年多来的编辑经验,概括起来就是五字要诀——简、活、真、快、强。     

CRISPR/Cas9技术发展及其应用进展

概括了CRISPR/Cas9系统的结构及作用原理,分析了该系统的不足,重点阐述了该技术在林木基因组编辑中的应用,并对CRISPR/Cas9系统的未来研究趋势进行了展望。     

基于两类全基因组距离的EV71型病毒亲缘关系分析

[目的]了解世界各地EV71病毒的亲缘关系。[方法]下载了NCBI数据库所有EV71全基因组序列,以常用的Kimura 2-parameter距离和E距离进行距离矩阵邻接法建树。[结果]基于E距离和Kimura 2-parameter距离构建的进化树结果一致,2种方法均支持EV71进化树反映出的基于全基因组的病毒亲缘关系。[结论]E距离是病毒系统发育应用中另一种颇具潜力的新距离,能为鉴定EV71病毒亲缘关系提供支持。