芽变毛白杨叶片诱导不定芽的研究

利用芽变毛白杨叶片作为外植体进行不定芽的诱导，研究接种叶片的不同部位及培养基中不同激素水平对不定芽生成量的影响。试验结果表明：选取叶片的顶部及叶柄部进行诱导，产生不定芽数量多于叶中部；诱导不定芽最佳培养基MS 6-BA1．0mg／L IBA0．1mg／L GA30．1mg／L，诱导率为83．3％。     

土壤施硼对降低板栗空苞率及增产效果试验

板栗产生空苞是一个全国性的问题，如何降低空苞率是很多学者研究的课题，本文从缺硼是引起板栗空苞的主要原因入手，选定具有代表性的地块，以不同的施硼量对降低空苞率，增加产量等因素进行分析研究，分析施硼的必要性，确定最佳施硼量，以指导生产实践，结果表明，施硼对降低板栗空苞率，增加产量有明显效果，且肥效能持续3－5年，板栗施硼时以每平方米树冠投影施入15克为最佳施硼量，增产幅度达45．7％，空苞率降低29．1％。     

Effect of auxins on axillary and de novo shoot regeneration from in vitro shoot cultures derived from forced epicormic buds of teak (Tectona grandis L.)

In this presentation,we report on de novo and axillary shoot regeneration and rooting of shoots maintained over a long term,from cultures of Tectona grandis L.Shoot-tips of teak shoots forced from epicormic buds were used as the starting material for axenic shoot-culture establishment.Long term maintenance of such axenic shoot cultures was carried out by regular sub-culturing on MS media supplemented with N 6-benzyleadenine (BA,8.8 μmol L-1) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA,2 μmol L-1) for 24 months.Vigorously growing shoot tips (2 3 cm long) were inoculated on the MS basal medium supplemented with different concentrations (0,1,2,4,6,8 or 10 μmol L-1) of either IBA or α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) for rooting.Axillary and de novo shoots were developed from axillary and cut basal ends of shoots,respectively.Shoots growing on auxins were further sub-cultured (every 15 days) and maintained for 45 days.The greatest number of de novo (5.06) as well as axillary shoots (2.85) was observed on the MS medium supplemented with 10 μmol L-1 NAA or 8 μmol L-1 IBA,respectively,after 45 days.The combinations of both IBA (μmol L-1) + NAA (μmol L-1) were tested at different concentrations (4 + 4,6 + 6,8 + 8) supplemented to a half strength MS basal medium with 0.1% activated charcoal for rooting of decapitated and non-decapitated de novo and axillary shoots.Rooting from non-decapitated de novo shoots was highest (93.33%) with a mean number of roots of 4.61 on this medium,supplemented with 6 μmol L-1 IBA + 6 μmol L-1 NAA,after 36 days of initial culture.Individual auxin,however,was not effective for root induction.Rooted shoots were acclimatized in a green house and after four weeks plantlets were transferred to the field.     

不同植物生长调节剂对黄秋葵组织培养的影响

以黄秋葵无菌实生苗的带一叶一芽的茎段为外植体,研究了不同植物生长调节剂处理对丛生芽诱导和不定芽生根的影响。结果表明:当外植体接种于1/2MS基本培养基中,一定的浓度范围内,IAA浓度的增加显著促进了黄秋葵茎段的分化率和增殖率,而6-BA的存在提高了IAA的这种促进作用,但并不明显,最优组合为IAA 1.0mg/L+6-BA 2.0mg/L。待丛生芽生长到1cm以上,切出单个不定芽,接入添加不同NAA浓度的1/4MS基本培养基中,发现生根率和生长状况在NAA 0.1mg/L时表现最好。     

灵武长枣高效继代增殖体系的建立

对灵武长枣茎段离体培养、高效继代增殖体系进行了研究。结果表明:以灵武长枣当年萌发幼嫩枣头为外植体,诱导腋芽萌发,细胞分裂素/生长素的比值为5倍时,腋芽萌发率最高;将萌发的嫩梢进行继代增殖培养,继代增殖茎段不同的放置方式、茎段不同位置、培养基的相态对增殖倍数有影响。     

红掌愈伤组织增殖分化条件的优化

以红掌愈伤组织为材料,研究影响红掌愈伤组织增殖和分化以及芽增殖的因素。结果表明:以MS+6-BA1.0 mg/L+KT 0.3 mg/L+蔗糖30 g/L+琼脂8 g/L为红掌愈伤组织增殖和分化的最佳培养基,培养到8周绝对生长速度达到910.31%、分化率达到100%,到150 d时分化指数达到24.17;在芽增殖培养试验中,以1/2 MS+6-BA2.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L+KT 0.1 mg/L+蔗糖30 g/L+琼脂8 g/L为适宜培养基。在培养方式上,液体培养优于固体培养。     

三种玉簪新品种离体快繁技术的研究

以3种玉簪"金头饰"(H.‘Gloden Tiaia’)、"小黄金叶"(H.‘Gloden Cadet’)和"金鹰"(H.‘Gloden Eagle’)的幼嫩花蕾为外植体诱导不定芽,成功的建立了3个品种的离体快繁体系。结果表明:不定芽诱导最佳培养基为MS+6-BA 2.5mg/L+NAA 0.2mg/L;在增殖培养基中,"金头饰"最佳增殖培养基为MS+6-BA 2.0mg/L+NAA 0.5mg/L;"小黄金叶"最佳增殖培养基为MS+6-BA 1.0mg/L+NAA 0.2mg/L;"金鹰"最佳增殖培养基MS+6-BA 4.0mg/L+NAA0.2mg/L;无生长调节剂的MS为"金鹰"的最佳生根培养基,生根率达100%以上;"小黄金叶"在培养基MS+NAA 0.5mg/L中生根率达到100%以上;"金头饰"在培养基MS+NAA 0.3mg/L中生根率也达到100%以上。其移栽成活率均为100%。     

高粱幼穗离体培养再生体系的建立

6个基因型的高粱幼穗接种于YD10、L2、YLMDS和MS1诱导培养基,结果在MS1培养基上6个基因型的幼穗都诱导出愈伤组织,05DL15A诱导率最高为96.0%,四杂40诱导率最低为27.5%。获得的淡黄色颗粒状愈伤组织分化出不定芽,不定芽高8cm左右转入生根培养基再生植株。     

宜兴百合鳞茎不定芽的诱导及增殖

以宜兴百合(Lilium lancifalium Thunb.)鳞片为外植体诱导小鳞茎的形成,并通过正交设计增殖鳞茎不定芽.结果在MS+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+ 0.1 mg/L NAA培养基上,鳞片以直接发生方式形成了鳞茎不定芽,诱导率为100％,平均不定芽数为5.5.6-BA浓度在0.4～1.2 mg/L范围内,鳞茎不定芽的增殖率随6-BA浓度的升高而增大,在MS+1.2 mg/L 6-BA +0.2 mg/L IAA +0.1 mg/L NAA培养基上,不定芽的增殖系数为3.83,不定芽在1/2MS+1.0 mg/L NAA培养基上生根良好.     

3种类型福建野生蕉的离体繁殖研究

对3种类型的福建野生蕉进行了离体繁殖研究,以宦溪野生蕉、北峰野生蕉吸芽为材料建立无菌株系;以三明野生蕉试管苗为材料,采用L9(34)正交试验设计,比较了不同生长调节剂对其不定芽增殖、薄片出芽以及类原球茎增殖的影响,并进一步比较3种野生蕉试管苗增殖的基因型差异;最后将所得福建野生蕉试管苗进行生根及移栽研究。结果表明:MS+NAA 0.1 mg/L+6-BA 4 mg/L+Ad 30 mg/L培养基较适宜三明野生蕉试管苗不定芽的增殖;MS+NAA 0.2 mg/L+Ad 30 mg/L培养基较适宜三明野生蕉试管苗薄片出芽;MS+6-BA 6 mg/L+Ad30 mg/L培养基较适宜三明野生蕉类原球茎(多芽体)的增殖,MS+NAA 0.2 mg/L+6-BA 4 mg/L培养基较适宜三明野生蕉类原球茎(大芽)的增殖。三明野生蕉试管苗不定芽增殖培养基S5也适合福州宦溪野生蕉、福州北峰野生蕉不定芽增殖。培养基S4还可用于福建野生蕉试管苗的生根。三种野生蕉试管苗在0.5∶1∶1的沙土、园土、泥炭土基质中移栽效果较好,成活率分别达到97%、95%、90%。