The effect of fat source on fat and fatty acid (FA) apparent faecal (aFD) and ileal digestibility (aID) was studied in growing pigs. Faecal and ileal digestibilities were measured, using titanium dioxide as inert marker, in intact and ileo-rectally anastomosed pigs, respectively. Five different fat sources, added at 10% to a barley based diet (B), were tested: tallow (T), high oleic sunflower oil (HOSF), sunflower oil (SO), linseed oil (LO) and a fat blend (FB; 5.5% T, 3.5% SO and 1% LO of diet).
Except for B and T, fat aFD and aID were relatively similar among diets and site of measurements and the same was observed when it was obtained from the sum of FA aFD. However fat and sum of FA aID varied according to dietary FA composition and it was inversely related with the saturated FA content, due to the lowest aID of palmitic and stearic. aID of linoleic in SO and linolenic in LO were higher than the respective FA of the other diets and no differences were observed for oleic acid. The aFD of the unsaturated FA was higher than the corresponding aID values, despite similar fat aID and aFD. This together with the lower (in some cases negative) aFD of stearic acid suggest that there is biohydrogenation of unsaturated FA in the hindgut. Measurement at the end of the ileum should give a better estimation of digestibility of fat and FA than at the faecal level. 相似文献
Chickpea suffers cold stress (<10 °C) damage especially during reproductive phase resulting in the abortion of flowers and pods, poor pod set, and reduction in seed yield and seed quality. One of the ways in modifying cold tolerance involves exogenous treatment of the plants with chemicals having established role in cold tolerance. In the present study, the chickpea plants growing under optimum temperature conditions (28/12 °C, as average maximum and minimum temperature) were subjected to cold conditions of the field (10–12/2–4 °C; day/night as average maximum and minimum temperature) at the bud stage. Prior to exposure, these plants were treated exogenously with 10 μm abscisic acid (ABA) and thereafter again after 1 week of exposure. The stress injury measured in terms of increase in electrolyte leakage, decrease in 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride reduction %, relative leaf water content and chlorophyll content was observed to be significantly mitigated in ABA-applied plants. A greater pollen viability, pollen germination, flower retention and pod set were noticed in ABA-treated plants compared with stressed plants. The seed yield showed considerable improvement in the plants treated with ABA relative to the stressed plants that was attributed to the increase in seed weight, greater number of single seeded pods and reduction in number of infertile pods. The oxidative damage measured as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances was lesser in ABA-treated plants that was associated with greater activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, ascorbic acid, glutathione and proline in these plants. It was concluded that cold stress effects were partly overcome by ABA treatment because of the improvement in water status of the leaves as well as the reduction in oxidative damage. 相似文献
Dynamics of the accumulation of total ash and zinc, and their relationships with total dry matter, crude proteins and phytic acid during maize grain maturation were investigated. The investigation was carried out on normal maize hybrids grown under the same topographical and agrotechnical conditions over two consecutive vegetation years. The amount of total ash, expressed on fresh and dry matter bases, changed significantly (P = 0.05 and P = 0.01) during grain maturation depending on maturity stage and variety. The dynamics of the accumulation of ash in fresh grain matter during maturation as well as the ash amount in dry matter of mature grains were significantly affected by environmental conditions. The accumulation of zinc in fresh matter of developing grain was significantly affected (P = 0.05 and P = 0.01) by the degree of grain maturity and by variety, and correlates significantly (P = 0.001) and positively with the deposition of total dry matter, crude proteins as well as with phytic acid in both vegetation years. The molar ratio of phytic acid and zinc increased significantly during grain maturation indicating a possible decrease of zinc availability. 相似文献
AIM: To investigate the effect of hypothalamic arcuate nucleus(ARC) damaged by monosodium glutamate (MSG) on bone histomorphometry parameters in rats. METHODS: (1) Newborn SD rats of experimental group were hypodermically injected 10% MSG (4 g/kg BW) on the postnatal lst, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th day. Meanwhile, the newborn rats of the control group were given equal volume of normal saline and the rats after the postnatal 70th, 72th, 74th, 76th and 78th day were hypodermically injected 10% MSG (4 g/kg BW) as the MSG toxicity control group. After survivial for 160 days, all rats were killed. (2) Morphological methods were used to estimate the ARC neurons and the bone histomorphometry parameters. (3) Radioimmunoassay was used to measure the levels of the serum growth hormoen(GH), estradiol(E2) and testosterone(T). RESULTS: The number of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus neurons, the levels of serum E2, T, GH and the %Tb·Ar, Tb·Th, Tb·N of proximal tibial metaphysis(PTM) significantly decreased, while Tb·Sp of proximal tibial metaphysis(PTM) significantly increased, and the osteoporotic alterations appeared obviously. All these changes did not appear in the rats of NS group and MSG toxicity control group. CONCLUSION: (1) The changes of the bone in MSG guoup rats are not the effect of the MSG toxicity on the bone directly. (2) The hypothalamic arcuate nucleus participates in the regulation of the bone metabolism. (3) ARC regulates bone metabolism via altering the functions of the hypothalamus-GH-IGF-1 axis and the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonal axis. 相似文献