环境变化对植物叶片结构·光合作用的影响

环境变化往往对植物叶片结构和光合作用产生影响.综述了不同环境条件（光照、温度、水分、盐、干旱）下叶片结构和光合作用的变化情况,加深对植物生长特性的认识及应用.     

泸水县核桃产业提质增效技术措施

核桃作为泸水县主要经济作物树种,目前已经成为了泸水县林业产业的支柱,本文通过分析泸水县核桃产业中存在问题,提出泸水县核桃产业提质增效的技术思路,旨在建立泸水县高产优良的核桃产业。     

强源活库优米栽培对华南广适型超级稻产量的影响

【目的】探明强源活库优米栽培技术对华南广适型超级稻产量的影响,即通过强化叶片"源"的功能和籽粒"库"的活性来提高华南广适型超级稻产量。【方法】以5个华南广适型超级稻品种"胜泰1号"、"玉香油占"、"桂农占"、"合美占"和"丰美占"为材料,设置强源活库优米栽培技术(简称强源活库栽培)和常规高产栽培技术(简称常规高产栽培)2个处理,通过大田试验研究栽培技术对华南广适型超级稻品种产量和物质生产特性的影响。【结果】与常规高产栽培技术相比较,强源活库栽培技术显著提高了"胜泰1号"、"玉香油占"、"桂农占"、"合美占"和"丰美占"的实际产量,产量增幅为18.60%~26.23%,并且在强源活库栽培技术下,水稻干物质积累量、叶面积指数、生长发育后期的叶片蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)活性及籽粒蔗糖合成酶(SS)活性均有提高,从而有利于高产形成。【结论】强源活库栽培技术可显著提高华南广适型超级稻的产量。     

人参设施栽培研究进展

该文归纳总结了设施内部环境对人参生长发育的影响,并对国内外利用设施栽培人参的相关试验结果及文献资料进行汇总,从设施内部环境、设施的结构与材料、设施内环控设备方面阐述了各种因素对人参生长发育的影响,为利用设施栽培人参提供可靠理论依据。     

Ecosystem services from turfgrass landscapes

Turf is an important component of the urban and rural landscape. The natural plant formations/biomes that it mimics are the tropical savanna, the temperate grasslands (steppe and the prairies) and the tundra. Turf in a higher or lower degree provides all the ecosystem services of the other types of vegetation. Vegetation ecosystem services that have been previously emphasized include functional, aesthetical, recreational, social, and economic services as well as services related to people psychological or physical health. The purpose of this review is to gather updated information on turf ecosystem services, mainly on how they compare to other types of vegetation, or substitutes, and to suggest some future trends/areas of research.Turf has a unique role in aesthetics and, definitely, provides an irreplaceable surface for recreational sports/activities. From the available information, turf seems to have a higher potential than other types of vegetation for reducing runoff, increasing infiltration, purifying water from sediments and pollutants, controlling erosion, improving soil quality and reducing fire hazards. For the lawn owners the main turf benefits are: first the enhanced property aesthetics, second the increment in property value and third the provision of a recreation area. Turf, as all vegetation, uses water. Without the water its benefits may be reduced or annihilated. Mimicking nature may offer some solutions for saving water: summer brown lawns that green up in the fall, although losing some of the turf benefits, may be an appropriate choice where irrigation is not feasible and are worth some research. Research, should also be done on lawns using a mix of grasses and legumes: the presence of legumes may avoid N fertilization and, possibly allows for clippings removal and usage as biofuel, while keeping the soil accumulation of carbon, preventing N leaching and turning turf’s carbon footprint even more positive.     

新农村建设中环境公共物品的实证分析——以山西西北四县16个乡镇为例

2006年夏季对山西省西北4县的抽样调查,认为环境是农民最需要的公共物品,对农民支配自然界的两种模型进行了环境经济分析,最后提出了相关建议。     

基于城乡居住环境改善目标的生态城市建设探讨——以南昌市为例

建设生态城市是城市可持续发展的必然选择,其最终目标是改善城市的居住环境。首先探讨了生态城市的概念和内涵,然后以南昌市为研究对象,分析其生态城市建设现状及存在的问题,最后提出了南昌生态城市建设的对策,以期为南昌城乡居住环境的改善提供依据。     

Influence of rearing conditions and respiratory disease on haptoglobin levels in the pig at slaughter

Associations between serum concentrations of haptoglobin, pathological lung lesions indicative of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (EP) or Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (PL) infection at slaughter and previous rearing environment were investigated in 510 pigs (90-100 kg live weight) from 17 farms in England. Haptoglobin concentrations were significantly higher in pigs showing pathological signs of EP infection compared to those without signs of this disease (EP positive median 0.43 mg ml(-1) vs. EP negative median 0.26 mg ml(-1), p<0.01). However, there were no significant associations between serum haptoglobin concentrations and pathological signs of PL. The presence of solid partitions compared with barred or similar open partitions was associated with a decrease of 0.44 mg ml(-1) farm mean haptoglobin concentration, whilst an increase in pen size of 10 m(2) was associated with a decrease of 0.08 mg ml(-1) farm mean haptoglobin concentration. The findings indicate that pathological signs of EP were associated with increased serum haptoglobin at slaughter, which in turn was influenced by components of the farm environment.     

小麦旗叶光合生产力环境限制因子研究

对强光、高温环境条件下小麦旗叶光合生产力的限制因子及诊断方法进行了研究。通过连续测定小麦旗叶净光合速率及光合有效辐射、空气相对湿度、空气温度及CO2浓度变化，计算1日内旗叶Pn与这些主要环境因子变化的相关程度推断旗叶光合生产力的主要限制性因子。强光、高温天气条件下，制约旗叶光合生产力的主要限制性因子是PAR，其次是RH和空气CO2浓度。小麦旗叶光合日变化分为RH限制型、RH-CO2浓度限制型、PAR-RH限制型和PAR限制型。     

GGE叠图法─分析品种×环境互作模式的理想方法

本文介绍一种分析作物区域试验结果的方法－ＧＧＥ叠图法。首先，将原始产量数据减去各地 点的平均产量，由此形成的数据集只含品种主效应Ｇ和品种－环境互作效应ＧＥ，合称为ＧＧＥ。对ＧＧＥ 作单值分解，并以第一和第二主成分近似之。按照第一和第二主成分值将各品种和各地点放到一个平 面图上即形成ＧＧＥ叠图。借助于辅助线，可以直观回答以下问题：（１）什么是某一特定环境下最好的 品种；（２）什么是某一特定品种最适合的环境；（３）任意两品种在各环境下的表现如何；（４）试验中品 种×环境互作的总体模式是怎样的；（５）什么是高产、稳产品种；（６）什么是有利于筛选高产、稳产品 种的环境。