环境行政指导制度与林业可持续性调控

探讨了环境行政指导要林业持续性调控中的效用及应用,并且阐述了其在林业可持续性调控中的政策意义。     

Are the endemic water beetles of the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands effectively protected?

One of the most serious environmental problems is the current acceleration in the rate of species extinction associated with human activities, which is occurring particularly rapidly in freshwaters. Here we examine whether endemic water beetles are effectively protected by existing conservation measures in the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands, a region of high diversity and intense human pressure. We used an exhaustive database for aquatic beetles in the region to address such issues. Firstly, we identify the most threatened endemic taxa using a categorization system to rank species according to their conservation priority or vulnerability. Of the 120 endemic species of water beetles used in the analysis, only two (Ochthebius ferroi and Ochthebius javieri) were identified as being extremely vulnerable, 71 were highly vulnerable and 46 moderately vulnerable, with only a single species identified as having low vulnerability status. Since no Iberian species of aquatic Coleoptera has legal protection, the only conservation measure available for these species is the extent to which they occur in protected areas. Here we identify distributional hotspots for threatened endemic species, and evaluate the extent to which these are already included in the Natura 2000 network in Spain and Portugal. Despite a high degree of concordance between hotspots and Natura 2000 sites, the distribution of four species falls completely outside the network. The analysis also reveals that Natura 2000 fails to protect saline water bodies, despite their high conservation interest and narrow global distribution. The picture revealed here with water beetles is likely to be similar for others groups of freshwater macroinvertebrates, since Coleoptera are known to be good surrogates of aquatic biodiversity in the region. Finally, the degree of protection provided via Natura 2000, and the utility of red lists are discussed.     

高效苜蓿根瘤菌的筛选

旨在利用celB基因标记技术从土著根瘤菌中筛选出与盛世苜蓿品种相匹配的有效性高、竞争性强的高效苜蓿根瘤菌株。从四川雅安、重庆北碚、万州采集野生苜蓿根瘤,采用平板划线法分离纯化获得93株纯菌株,通过与盛世品种在无氮水培液中进行结瘤试验和有效性分析并结合菌株的地理来源,初筛出了与对照相比有效性较高的4株苜蓿根瘤菌,分别为Y6-1-1、BB1-8-1-1、BB2-2-1-1和WZ-6-2-2。进一步利用celB基因标记技术对这4株菌进行竞争性研究,通过供体大肠杆菌HAMBI2356与根瘤菌接合的方法成功地将celB基因导入4个菌株中,对标记基因可能会对标记菌株产生的影响进行检测,结果表明标记基因在标记菌株内能稳定传代,而且对标记菌株的生长、竞争性及有效性都没有显著影响,从而证明celB基因标记技术可以作为一种简便、直观而又有效的检测手段用于追踪根瘤菌株在土壤中的竞争性。进一步通过田间试验比较分析标记菌与土著菌的竞争结瘤能力和固氮有效性,结果表明Y6-1-1、BB2-2-1-1、WZ-6-2-2与对照相比在占瘤率、瘤重、总瘤数上差异显著,占瘤率都在72%以上,显著提高了植株的干重、叶绿素含量、全氮量和产量,其中WZ-6-2-2的有效性最高、竞争性最强,可以用于苜蓿盛世品种的接种。     

水砂田地膜西瓜钾肥施用效果试验研究初报

在白银市灌区水砂田进行的施用钾肥对西瓜生长发育、主要性状及产量影响的试验结果表明 ,在一定氮磷肥基础上 ,施钾肥量与西瓜产量呈正相关 ,但以施 K2 O15 0 .0 kg/hm2较为经济适宜 ,较不施钾肥对照增产8.5 7% ,增加产值 2 0 0 0 .1元 /hm2 ,产投比达 6 .6 7;单施钾肥对西瓜仍有一定增产效果 ,尤以膨瓜期追施效果最佳 ,产量达到 5 2 5 0 0 .0 kg/hm2 ,较对照增产 6 .11% ,产投比为 5 .37;施用钾肥不仅能使西瓜的瓜蔓、茎、叶等植株各部分生长更强健 ,增强其抗病、抗逆性 ,还可明显增加单瓜重 ,改善品质     

木材战略储备基地建设的总体构想——以方正林业局为例

分析了方正林业局的用材林基地建设现状、成效评价、取得的经验和存在的问题,提出了木材战略储备基地建设的保障措施。     

野生高原鼠兔体内外寄生虫的驱治效果观察

为了探求一种安全高效的驱除野生高原鼠兔的寄生虫的方法，对124只野生高原鼠兔采用伊维菌素联合球虫灵、联克杀联合灭害灵分别进行体内外寄生虫的驱治，结果显示该方法可有效驱除野生高原鼠兔体内外寄生虫，可以应用于高原鼠兔寄生虫的驱虫工作中。     

辽宁省青山工程经济林产业带发展现状及成效分析

在对青山工程经济林产业带完成情况、工程布局情况等发展现状充分调研的基础上,通过生态、经济、社会等方面分析工程取得成效,探讨工程建设的重大意义。     

论提升高校思政课程的教学实效性——以“毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义理论体系概论”课为例

“毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义理论体系概论”是高校思想政治理论课的核心课程.目前课程教学实践中面临一些困境,可以从教学目标出发,坚定学生的理想信念和强化其道德素养;从教学实践出发,引导学生理论联系实际;从教学主体出发,尊重学生和付出关爱等几条关键路径,进而提升课程教学之实效性.     

百色市狂犬病综合防治措施的效果评价

为有效防控狂犬病,百色市开展疫情专项调查和防治研究,发现狂犬病病死率和死亡人数仍居人类各种法定报告传染病之首,死亡人数与动物发病数呈正相关关系;监测貌似健康犬狂犬病带毒率为1.9%,流行毒株属基因Ⅰ型,Ⅰ亚群;使用国产兽用狂犬病活疫苗（FlurryHEP株）免疫期为半年,注射进口兽用狂犬病灭活疫苗（PV株）免疫有效期为一年;“专题讲座＋发送短息”宣传方式效果好;采取“栓养、免疫、监测、扑灭、宣传”等综合防治措施效果显著。     

测土配方施肥在优质稻米生产中的效果分析

对水稻测土配方施肥和农民习惯施肥进行试验研究,结果表明:在测土配方施肥的情况下,可以节约肥料,降低生产成本,增加作物产量,改善产品品质,提高肥料的利用率和土地产出率,增加农民收入,无论是水稻的产量效益还是内外品质,都要优于农民常规施肥。