盐碱地开沟躲盐种植优良牧草的研究

1　前言我市黄灌区是重要的粮食基地 ,但是由于土地利用不合理 ,排灌渠道不配套 ,有灌无排 ,使地下水位急剧抬高。再加上地质构造等原因 ,地下径流不畅及气候干燥等因素的影响 ,导致地下水及含水层中盐分不断向上运移 ,并积累于土壤表层 ,从而造成土壤盐渍化逐年加剧。据包头市土右、郊区农业区划资料介绍 ,全市现有盐碱地面积为 1 5 2 3万ｈｍ2 ,其中中度以上面积为 8 1 9万ｈｍ2 。除少部分种植葵花等经济作物外 ,大部分均因抓不住苗荒芜闲置。据市计委、土右旗、郊区规划 ,全市要开发 3 3多万ｈｍ2 盐碱地 ,重点是在黄灌区的盐渍地 ,…     

浅谈早稻生产的几个问题

要夺取早稻生产的持续增产,扩大早稻种植面积,选择适宜品种,选准栽培方式,培育健壮秧苗,建立高产群体是五项关键措施。     

The Preliminary Study on Juvenile-Mature Correlation of Pinus Koraiensis

IntroductionWoodisveryimportantfinaIproductinforestman-agement,andimprovingwoodproductandquaIityarecommongoaIinmostbreedingsystems.EarlyselectionfortreegrowthnotonIyprovideexceIIentnurserystorematerialforplantinghighyieIdforest,butaIsopossibIyimproveselec…     

强恢复系盐恢559的选育与应用

盐恢５５９是用常规杂交经低世代测恢鉴定筛选育成的籼型三系强恢复系。表现杂种优势强，恢复度高，抗逆性好，制种产量高，与三系不育系已配制出系列杂交稻新组合。讨论了强恢复系的选育方法。     

The preliminary study on juvenile-mature correlation ofPinus koraiensis

Through studying seven analytic trees from two stands ofPinus koraiensis artificial forests, the results show that the individual variation coefficient of tree heigh, dbh and volume decreases with age increasing after age of 25. Age of 25 is the age that difference of individual growth is from acute difference to comparatively stability. The optimum selection age is 25a forPinus koraiensis’s artificial forests according to the analysis of juvenile-mature correlation, and early selection efficiency. (Responsible Editor: Zhu Hong)     

昆钢草坪草种及草种组合适应性的研究

通过几年来对昆钢的草坪草种及其组合试验，确定在昆钢乃至滇中地区有较强适应性的草坪草种为：多年生黑麦草(Lolinm prenne)，紫羊茅(Festuca rabra)和草地早熟禾(Poa pratensis)3种草种。将这3种草坪草种混播建成的草坪在滇中地区能保持四季长绿，达到优良草坪的标准。     

呼伦贝尔草原黄羊春季采食生境的选择

本文采用数量化分析方法 ,对呼伦贝尔草原黄羊春季采食生境选择进行了研究。研究发现 ,影响呼伦贝尔草原黄羊春季采食生境选择的主要因子是放牧家畜干扰、水源、人为干扰 ,其次是坡度、坡位、坡向、植被类型、食物丰盛度 ,风向也有一定影响。其采食生境选择的倾向性依次为 :放牧家畜干扰距离 >2 0 0 0m ,水源距离≤ 10 0 0m ,坡度 5～ 2 5° ,人为干扰距离 >10 0 0m ,坡位在中坡 ,植被类型是针茅或针茅 羊草群落 ,食物丰盛度中等以上 ,阳坡或半阴半阳坡     

The potential of biotechnology in temperate agroforestry practices

Technologies in forest molecular biology and tissue culture could play an increasing role in the choice of genotypes for successful establishment of agroforestry practices. Research areas such as micropropagation, somatic embryogenesis, genetic engineering, marker-aided selection, and molecular diagnostics are merging with traditional forest biological studies to help identify and produce better-suited trees for agroforestry plantings. A combination of classical and molecular biological research could be used to improve pest and stress resistance of selected genotypes, modify structure and function, and monitor pests of trees. This merger of approaches, as well as continued technological development, could accelerate the production and selection of suitable tree genotypes for agroforestry plantings.The US Government right to retain a non-exclusive, royalty free licence in and to any copy-right is acknowledged.     

Susceptibility of Brazilian populations of Diatraea saccharalis to Cry1Ab and response to selection for resistance

The sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis (F.), is a key pest of sugarcane and other grasses, which is a current focus of research aiming to develop transgenically resistant genotypes. However, the current susceptibility of Brazilian populations of the sugarcane borer to Bt toxins is unknown. Laboratory assays were carried out to characterize the susceptibility of sugarcane borer to the Bt toxin Cry1Ab and to select a resistant strain for additional studies on Cry1Ab resistance. Susceptibility was characterized by exposing neonates of different Brazilian colonies of sugarcane borer to different concentrations in meridic diet using surface application of Cry1Ab toxin. Selection for Cry1Ab resistance was carried out by exposing neonates to Cry1Ab-expressing maize (MON 810). The resistance of the borer populations to Cry1Ab was variable with LC₅₀ and EC₅₀ values reaching about 30-fold. The larvae responded positively to Cry1Ab selection exhibiting a 55-fold increase in resistance after four generations. This suggests the suitability of using leaves containing Bt-expressing genes for selection and the existence of variability of Bt-resistance in populations of the sugarcane borer.     

Selection, propagation and cultivation of Pinus massoniana clones for pulp use

Based on the growth, wood property of the ortets, and rooting abilities of cuttings, 32 Pinus massoniana clones for pulp use were selected from forests of superior provenance, mixed families, and progeny test of seed orchard by two-step selection. The average height and DBH growth of three-year-old clones were 28.6% and 16.7%, respectively, higher than those from seedlings, and average gain of wood density reached 8.7%. Rooting rate of all these clones was over 80%, 28% higher than the clones selected by a single step. A cutting orchard of 0.33 hm² on the hillside was constructed to intensively produce cuttings according to the tests on construction methods, pruning, and fertilization. A total of 50,000 grade I, 37,500 grade II, and 62,500 grade III cuttings were collected per hectare of this cutting orchard each time, and were cut three times each year. With all the above techniques, 48 hm² of clonal forests for pulp use of those clones had been planted in five places in Fujian Province. Container stecklings are more likely to increase the planting survival rate. __________ Translated from Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2004, 40(1): 64–69 [译自: 林业科学]