黎藤节间与节部纤维形态特征的径向变化

为了更好地指导藤材的合理利用,缓解日益紧张的木材供需矛盾,采用显微图像分析方法,对3组黎藤试样2m处藤节间与节部的纤维形态特征进行了观察与统计,并进行对比与分析。结果显示,黎藤节间与节部纤维的长度、宽度、长宽比、腔径、双壁厚分别为981.779和921.271μm、7.786和8.719μm、130.822和113.021、3.716和3.669μm、4.070和5.051μm。由藤芯到藤皮节间处纤维长度和长宽比均呈现先增后降的趋势,节部处纤维长度和长宽比、节间纤维宽度均呈现逐渐下降的趋势;节间、节部处纤维腔径及节部宽度均呈现先降后增的趋势;节间处双壁厚呈现逐渐下降的趋势,节部处双壁厚呈逐渐增加的趋势。经F检验,在0.05水平上节间与节部处纤维宽度和双壁厚存在极显著差异。平均纤维微纤丝角为42.71°,变化区间在39.38°～46.03°;平均纤维素结晶度为46.96%,变化区间在44.10%～49.82%,且藤皮处结晶度大于藤芯处。     

Management practices to control premature senescence in Bt cotton

Commercial cultivation of Bt cotton produced higher boll load which led to stiff inter-original competition for photosynthates, resulting in early cessation of growth (premature senescence) due to more availability of sink and less sources. To overcome this problem, field experiment was conducted during 2011 and 2012 using five treatments of plant growth manipulation viz. no fruiting branch removal (F₁), removal of first fruiting branch (F₂), removal of first and second fruiting branch (F₃), removal of all squares from first fruiting branch (F₄), removal of all squares from first and second fruiting branches (F₅), and three potassium (K) application rates viz. 50 kg ha^?1 (K₁), 100 kg ha^?1 (K₂), and 150 kg ha^?1 (K₃). More nodes above white flower were recorded in F₅, followed by F₃, while minimum were recorded in F₁. Among potassium levels, maximum nodes above white flower were recorded in K₃ followed by K₂ and K₁ during both years of study. Plant height recorded at physiological cutout stage or at maturity stage showed that plants gained more height with removal of all squares from first tosecond fruiting branches with higher potassium dose. Leaf K increased with increasing applied potassium and also with square/branch removal. So early removal of squares/fruiting branches along with higher potassium dose helped in delaying canopy senescence in Bt cotton.     

农杆菌介导的pac1基因转化大豆研究

选用高感大豆花叶病毒病而再生能力较强的大豆品种和品系作为受体,对丛生芽诱导培养基、侵染菌液的制备以及根的诱导方法进行了优化。采用优化后的遗传转化体系以农杆菌介导法将pac1导入大豆,MSB培养基中附加2 mg/L6-BA+0.2 mg/LIBA进行丛生芽诱导,液体YEB重悬活化菌体后侵染,MSB培养基中蔗糖含量15%+2 mg/LIBA+0.2 mg/L6-BA进行生根诱导。共获得8株PCR检测呈阳性植株,经SouthernBlot检测,证明pac1基因已整合到大豆基因组中。转基因植株对病毒的抗性评价正在进行中。     

农杆菌介导大豆子叶节系统的两个问题突破

为解决大豆子叶节系统存在的再生和检测问题,对影响丛生芽伸长和植株检测的因素进行研究.以大豆品种黑农35的子叶节为外植体,利用L934正交试验确定影响再生系统丛生芽伸长的因素及水平,将转基因小植株的叶片培养愈伤组织以提取基因组DNA进行Southern检测.结果表明,丛生芽伸长的最佳组合为继代培养基与初始芽诱导培养基的6-BA浓度比为1/5,芽伸长培养基中添加50 mg L-1Glu、0.5 mg L-1 GA3、0.5 mg L-1ZT;Southern杂交信号说明利用叶片培养的愈伤组织能够提取足够量的基因组DNA.     

大豆未成熟种子子叶节不定芽再生的初步研究

以冀豆12和中黄13的未成熟种子子叶节为外植体,研究了6BA浓度、取材时间和种子发育程度对大豆未成熟种子子叶节不定芽诱导的影响.结果表明:冀豆12最佳取材时间为开花后60～66 d,最佳6-BA浓度为1.0～1.5 mg·L-1,出芽率达96.67%～100%.中黄13最佳取材时间为开花后49～65 d,6-BA浓度为...     

节点式渗灌温室黄瓜适宜灌水控制下限的研究

以温室栽培小区节点式渗灌灌溉试验的方法,研究黄瓜生育前期和后期不同灌水控制下限对黄瓜田间耗水量、作物产量以及水分利用效率的影响,灌水控制上限为田间持水率,计划湿润层的湿润比为0.7。结果表明,灌水控制下限土壤水吸力值与灌水量、黄瓜产量和水分利用效率的数量关系可用二元二次方程表达;黄瓜前、后2个生育期灌水控制下限土壤水吸力值分别为20 kPa及35 kPa时,可实现节水、高产和高效的同步提高。     

新疆早中熟棉花品种果枝数、果节数与成铃结构

【目的】分析182个南疆棉花品种(系)果枝数、果枝分布、果节数及果枝果节与成铃的关系,研究南疆早中熟棉花品种果枝数、果节数选择指数,为棉花高产育种提供理论依据。【方法】采用品种对比试验方法,收集比较新疆不同遗传背景的182个品种(系),测试不同品种(系)果枝数、果枝分布、果节数、成铃数等性状,分析南疆棉区气候条件下果枝、果节构成及果枝果节与成铃关系。【结果】182个南疆棉花品种的果枝数为4.6~10台, 果节数为7.6~21个,结铃数为5.4~12.2个,内围铃∶外围铃=3∶1;不同品种的果节数和单株结铃,随着果枝数的增加而增加,差异显著;果枝数与果节数、结铃数、内围铃数、上部铃数呈极显著正相关,果节数与结铃数、内围铃、外围铃、下部铃及中部铃具有极显著正相关性。【结论】在南疆气候条件下,应选择果枝数为8~10台果枝、果节量为18~20个的棉花品种,更有利于充分利用南疆有限的热量、积温条件,形成更高的产量。     

三种甘草下胚轴及子叶节区的初步研究

三种甘草维管组织在下胚轴、子叶节区内的排列形式及变化规律一致，但不同的种维管组织排列成不同形式所经过的距离有所不同。下胚轴是根和子叶间维管组织转变的过渡区，而根的初生维管组织与上胚轴的维管组织无直接的联系。在过渡区内外始式的木质部经过后生木质部分离、拉开呈一条直线的过程，然后在子叶节区靠合形成子叶的内始式木质部。在子叶节区子叶迹分化完成，上胚轴维管组织开始分化，同时在子叶迹与上胚轴维管组织之间有芽的分化。     

Sentinel lymph node mapping in canine mast cell tumours using a preoperative radiographic indirect lymphography: Technique description and results in 138 cases

Several sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping techniques, to detect nodal metastasis in canine tumours have been investigated in the last 10 years in veterinary oncology. The purpose of this prospective study was to describe a reliable, quick, and inexpensive technique for SLN mapping in canine patients affected by cutaneous and subcutaneous mast cell tumours (MCT). Eighty dogs were enrolled in this study for a total of 138 cytologically diagnosed MCTs. Sentinel lymph node mapping was performed by injecting iomeprole peritumorally followed by serial radiographs at 1, 3, 6 and 9-min post injection. A total of 168 SLNs were detected, 90% at first radiograph, 1 min after the peritumoral iomeprole injection, while in the rest of the cases SLN was identified at 3 min. Sentinel lymph nodes detected by the preoperative radiographic indirect lymphography with iomeprole (PRILI) differed from regional lymph nodes in 57% of cases. The PRILI technique detected simultaneously multiple SLNs in the 26% of cases and multiple lymph centers in the 31% of MCTs. To allow the surgical identification of the SLNs, a peritumoral injection of methylene blue was performed at the time of surgery. This study reports a widely available technique for SLN mapping using digital radiographs in combination with a water-soluble medium, representing a cost-effective alternative to other SLN mapping procedures. Based on our results, this technique can be effective for SLNs mapping in dogs with MCTs but further comparative studies are needed to assess its reliability and efficacy in different tumours.     

樱桃不同节位叶片光合特性与解剖特征比较研究

以3个甜樱桃栽培品种佐藤锦、斯坦勒和那翁为试材,研究了新梢不同节位叶片光合速率(Pn)变化及叶绿素(Chl.)和比叶重(SLW)对其的影响。分析了不同品种叶片解剖结构与Pn的关系。结果表明:樱桃枝条不同叶位叶片的Pn呈单峰曲线变化,枝条中上部的叶片Pn较大,且有较高的稳定性,叶片发育和生理成熟度以及环境因素的影响是Pn出现单峰变化的重要因素;Chl.含量随着叶片的发育而增加,叶片成熟后,叶片Chl.含量与Pn之间不存在相关关系;不同叶位叶片SLW与Pn表现显著正相关;樱桃不同品种间叶片气孔密度、栅栏组织与海绵组织厚度比值与Pn存在极显著正相关。