南斯拉夫玉米杂交种的间接利用价值研究初报

通过对选自南斯拉夫玉米杂交种的10个优良S3代选系与国内属于不同优势类群的6个骨干自交系杂交组配而成的60个测交组合的配合力和杂种优势分析，研究了引进南斯拉夫材料杂交种的间接利用价值。结果表明，10个优良杂交种后代选系的GCA，SCA均存在极显著差异，801－2－1－1，805－1－1－1的GCA达到显著和极显著水平，组配出高优势组合的概率较高；7个组合的穗粒重极显著超CK 6.31％-27.11％。     

南方根结线虫对不同寄主植物侵染能力的比较

[目的]筛选南方根结线虫的易感寄主。[方法]通过接种试验比较了南方根结线虫对5种寄主植物（黄瓜、番茄、茄子、菠菜及辣椒）的侵染能力。[结果]南方根结线虫对不同寄主植物的侵染能力存在显著差异。黄瓜和番茄的根结百分率显著高于菠菜、茄子和辣椒,黄瓜和番茄根际土壤中2龄幼虫数、雌成虫数及卵块数都显著高于菠菜、茄子和辣椒。[结论]南方根结线虫对黄瓜和番茄的侵染能力显著强于菠菜、茄子和辣椒,为南方根结线虫的易感寄主植物。     

基于实习基地建设的园林专业实践能力协同培养模式探索

园林专业具有实践性强的特点。建设实习基地的过程,可以作为园林专业多门课程的实践教学任务,有利于全方位地训练学生的实操能力。将不同课程的实验集中整合在实习基地建设的过程中,协同培养园林专业学生的实践能力。实践表明,该培养模式可以串联多门专业课程,并整合相关课程中重复的实践教学内容。有助于师生之间加强沟通,教学相长,并显著提升学生的学习兴趣和专业综合能力。     

杉木配合力第1轮回选择的研究 Ⅰ.遗传参数估计及配合力效应分析

对７５个参试杉木亲本进行巢式交配设计,１４年生时,测定其树高、胸径等生长性状,分析了它们的一般配合力、特殊配合力效应及其遗传差异;估计了调查性状的加性遗传方差,显性遗传方差、组间环境方差、组内环境方差、半同胞表型协方差、全同胞表型协方差、半同胞相关系数、全同胞相关系数、雄亲遗传力、雌亲遗传力和雄亲＋雌亲遗传力等遗传参数．     

玉米超高产育种

玉米超高产育种应主攻子粒产量指标,围绕产量指标"三高一广"开展选育,即自交系的高配合力,自交系及杂交种均高度耐密,高度的综合抗性,有广泛的适应性。     

Plant characteristics associated with weed competitiveness of rice under upland and lowland conditions in West Africa

Weeds are a major constraint to rice (Oryza spp.) production in West Africa. Superior weed competitive rice genotypes may reduce weed pressure and improve rice productivity. Two upland and two lowland experiments were conducted in southern Benin to examine genotypic variations in weed-suppressive ability and grain yield under weedy conditions, and to identify plant characteristics that could be used as selection criteria for improved weed competitiveness. A total of 19 genotypes, including Oryza sativa and Oryza glaberrima genotypes and interspecific hybrids developed from crossing O. sativa and O. glaberrima, were grown under weed-free and weedy conditions in an upland with supplemental irrigation and in a flooded lowland. In weedy plots, hand weeding was done once or not at all. Mean relative yield loss across all genotypes due to weed competition ranged from almost 0% to 61%. Large genotypic variations in weed biomass and grain yield under weedy conditions were found. Visual growth vigor at 42 and 63 days after sowing (DAS) under weed-free conditions significantly correlated with weed biomass at maturity in both upland and lowland experiments (R² = 0.26–0.48). Where weed pressure was low to moderate, with mean relative yield loss less than 23%, the multiple regression models using grain yield and plant height at maturity or only grain yield measured under weed-free conditions as independent variables could explain 66–88% of the genotypic variation in grain yield under weedy conditions. At higher weed pressure (mean relative yield loss: 61%), as observed in one of the upland experiments, biomass accumulation of rice at 42 days after sowing was associated with higher grain yield under weedy conditions. Biomass accumulation also significantly correlated with visual growth vigor at the same sampling dates. Therefore, we conclude that grain yield, plant height at maturity and visual growth vigor at 42–63 DAS under weed-free conditions appear to be useful selection criteria for developing superior weed competitive rice genotypes.     

北方粳型两系杂交稻产量性状的配合力分析

以4个不同类型的北方粳型两用不育系、4个粳型优良恢复系及其组配的16个杂交组合为试材,对父本、母本和杂种F1代产量性状进行方差分析,进而计算出父本、母本的一般配合力相对效应值及杂交组合F1代的特殊配合力相对效应值。分析结果表明,在选配杂交组合时,不仅要注意一般配合力的选择,还应对其特殊配合力进行大量筛选,从而提高选择不育系和恢复系组配强优杂交组合的预见性。     

高粱新选不育系研究

采用不完全双列杂交、人工控制授粉和田间自然鉴定等方法,对6个中晚熟不育系和6个早熟不育系进行了配合力、柱头生活力和其他主要农艺性状鉴定.结果表明,中晚熟不育系中V_4A的一般配合力、柱头生活力、育性、熟期、对丝黑穗病的抗性等综合农艺性状表现最好;早熟不育系中1105A的一般配合力、穗长、千粒重、育性等性状表现较佳.这两个不育系可在我国高粱春播中晚熟区和早熟区加以利用.     

论能岗匹配原理在农业企业人力资源招聘中的应用

合理地进行人岗匹配,是有效实现农业企业人力资源管理职能的前提。而能岗匹配原理作为人力资源招聘过程中的黄金法则,正逐渐成为人力资源管理研究的热点,受到越来越多学者的关注。本文详细阐述了能岗匹配原理,剖析了能级与权级的异同之处,并尝试提出相关理论的在操作中的操作方式。     

植物生理学实验教学中创造性思维能力的培养

针对师范院校植物生理学实验教学中存在的问题,对教学内容、教学结构以及考核方法等进行了改革.实践证明,该方法对提高学生认识、分析、解决问题的能力以及创新能力的培养是行之有效的,并提出了改进方法.