The effect of different food types and rations on the liver and muscle of cod (Gadus morhua L.)

In a short time feeding experiment it was shown that the liver weight of cod was significantly reduced in prawn-fed cod compared to sand-eel-fed cod. The dry weight and the protein content of the muscle were not significantly reduced. It is concluded that short time energy deprivation of cod primarily affects the liver. The results futher support the view that the food type and ration of cod can produce anomalous effects in field studies of e.g. parasite induced liver weight decrease in cod.     

乳牛血清钙磷乘积与骨密度的关系

对３０头乳牛的血清钙，血清无机磷和骨密度值进行了测定，并进行了钙磷乘积与骨密度值的相关分析，研究表明，血清钙磷乘积为３２（２８～３４）时，骨密度增加最少，其增加值与血清钙，钙磷比值呈显著负相关，钙磷乘积为３８（３５～４０）时，骨密度增加最多，其增加值与血清钙，钙磷化呈极显著负相关，与血清无机磷呈显著性相关，钙磷乘积为５５（４１～１０４）时，骨密度增加居第二位，其增加值与血清钙，血清无机磷，钙磷乘积     

艾草的化学成分和药理作用研究进展

艾草为我国传统的中草药,其应用在我国有着悠久的历史和广泛的影响。早在明代李时珍的《本草纲目》中就有记载,称其为“草医”。对艾草的理化性质、提取方法、主要的化学成分、药理学作用和应用进行国内外文献研究总结。艾草主要的化学成分为挥发油类、黄酮类和糖类,具有抑菌、抗虫、抗氧化和提高动物生产性能的作用,开发出了具有抑菌、增强免疫力等功效的产品。基于目前的文献研究,提出仍需深入研究艾草调控的信号转导通路、艾草的药物代谢动力学参数、艾草的安全性评价以及药物间的相互作用等。该综述以期为艾草的药理机制研究和提高艾草的应用价值提供全面的数据支撑。     

紫茎泽兰的生物学特点及其在畜牧生产中的应用

紫茎泽兰在我国分布范围广泛,是一种可利用的资源。目前有大量研究在探讨紫茎泽兰的生物学功能和提取其有效的活性成分,可以通过资源化利用提高紫茎泽兰的经济价值,变废为宝。论文综述了紫茎泽兰的生物学特点、生物学活性及其在动物抗寄生虫、抑制细菌、免疫调节和作为饲料原料的应用研究现状,为后期紫茎泽兰的研究提供参考。     

Prevalence of Electrolyte Disturbances and Perianesthetic Death Risk Factors in 120 Horses Undergoing Colic Surgery

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of intraoperative electrolyte disturbances and risk factors associated with perianesthetic death in horses undergoing colic surgery. The files of 120 horses meeting the inclusion criteria were reviewed. Data retrieved from the medical records, including demographic data and the occurrence of electrolyte disturbances and other intraoperative complications, were analyzed with a two step-approach by univariate and multivariate logistic regression models. Hypocalcemia was the most represented electrolyte disturbance (52.5%), followed by hypokalemia (30.0%) that was associated with intraoperative administration of salbutamol (P = .045). Perianesthetic death occurred in 46 horses, accounting for an overall mortality rate of 38.3%. Risk factors associated with death were anesthetic duration (P = .001), body weight (P = .020), presence of gastric reflux before anesthesia (P = .021), and intraoperative tachycardia (P = .043) and acidosis (P = .025). The mortality in the study population was comparable to previously reported findings. Based on the study findings, it is advisable to optimize hemodynamics prior to anesthesia, in order to prevent intraoperative tachycardia that is associated with increased risk of death. Heavier horses and those with gastric reflux may have a higher risk of fatalities, and intraoperative salbutamol administration may contribute to hypokalemia.     

枳术丸水煎液对幼犬脾阳虚模型治疗作用研究

在观察枳术丸对脾阳虚幼犬模型的治疗作用基础上,比较3种不同剂量枳术丸水煎液的疗效,并研究其对幼犬胃酸分泌量和胃蛋白酶活性的影响。结果显示,枳术丸水煎液中剂量（含生药1.0g/mL）灌胃疗效最好,使幼犬采食量增加、体重恢复、血虚证指标改善最明显;其次为低剂量（含生药0.5g/mL）组;高剂量（含生药5.0g/mL）组和阳性对照组疗效最差;枳术丸水煎液中剂量提高幼犬胃酸分泌量和胃蛋白酶活性最明显。枳术丸水煎液对胃酸分泌量和胃蛋白酶活性的影响可能为其健脾作用机制。     

青海河卡牧场硒的季节变化及盈缺分析

试验研究了青海共和盆地河卡牧场夏、冬两季牧草草地系统(水、土壤、牧草、绵羊)中硒的含量变化.结果表明,河卡牧场夏季土壤和牧草严重缺硒,绵羊血浆中硒浓度低于临界水平,夏冬两季绵羊被毛中硒含量低于毛硒含量临界值.     

松嫩平原羊草草地水淹干扰恢复过程的群落动态

根据随机取样的测定数据，经过幂函数和多元回归分析及相关检验，揭示了草地水淹干扰对羊草 寸草苔、羊草 杂类草群范数量性状的变化规律。水淹干扰对草地植被的物种组成及其比例有明显的影响。水淹后基本恢复到正常草地的种类数量和生产量配置大约需要6—7年。随着生境水分减少和土壤变干，羊草种群的数量和生物量均以幂函数形式增加，而寸草苔和杂类草的数量和生物量则呈先增后降的变化过程。     

选择产蛋量七个世代蛋壳及蛋品质的相关反应

以北京白鸡Ⅲ系七世代选择群和基础群为材料,估计选择产蛋量七个世代对蛋壳及蛋品质产生的相关反应.结果表明,经七个世代选择,产蛋量、蛋重、蛋白高度和哈夫单位都有所提高,而蛋壳厚度和蛋比重有一定程度下降.估计蛋壳厚度、蛋白高度和哈夫单位的遗传力分别是0.159 5、0.017 8和0.099 4.产蛋量与蛋白高度、哈夫单位和蛋壳厚度呈负遗传相关.选择产蛋量使蛋壳品质发生负向相关反应.     

奶牛子宫内压描记试验及胎衣不下与产后子宫活动性关系的初探

本实验在国内首次建立了描记奶牛子宫内压的体内微型压力传感器法,为对子宫进行生理、病理及药理学研究提供了一个实用手段。 本实验利用压力传感器法描记了16头母牛产后4小时和24小时的子宫内压并同时测定了血浆17β-雌二醇和孕酮的水平,其中胎衣正常排出7头(NRFM),胎衣不下9头(RFM)。结果如下:产后4小时NRFM和RFM牛子宫活动单位(平均收缩压×10分钟收缩次数)分别为183.19±19.15和37.12±16.79(P<0.01);产后24小时子宫活动单位NRFM牛为32.75±4.5,RFM牛为31.65±6.33(P>0.05),此时静注30单位催产素后子宫活动单位分别增加17.4和5.5倍(P<0.01)。NRFM牛产后4和24小时血浆17β-雌二醇水平为99.96±42.69和27.16±10.92pg/ml,RFM牛为188.06±63.85和106.93±72.28pg/ml(P<0.01);产后4和24小时血浆孕酮水平NRFM牛为2.0802±0.4072和1.9815±0.4312ng/ml,RFM牛分别为1.9635±0.6208和1.8734±0.6017ng/ml(P>0.05)。