松原龙华松花江特大桥悬浇施工风载分析

采用Ansys程序对龙华松花江特大桥施工悬浇阶段刚构桥墩进行风荷载内力分析,保证其结构在自重和静阵风荷载下可以安全施工.     

西部地区新型农业经营主体培育与发展对策——以陕西省延安市调查为例

随着我国农村经济的不断发展,以农业专业大户、农民专业合作社和农业企业为代表的新型农业经营主体日益显示出发展生机与潜力,已成为我国现代农业发展的核心主体。对陕西省延安市350个专业大户、84个家庭农场主、83个农民专业合作社负责人、59个龙头企业负责人展开调查,调查结果显示当前我国新型农业经营主体呈现如下特征:以农业为职业具有较好的盈利能力,具有适度的经营规模和一定的资金投入能力,具有一定的产业化组织能力和社会化服务能力。在此基础上指出当前我国新型农业经营主体的成长路径和发展对策建议,明确了要重点扶持的3类新型农业经营主体,主张创新新型农业经营主体的培养内容和模式。     

崇明白山羊主要血液生理指标的测定与分析

为促进崇明白山羊实验动物化应用和临床诊断提供数据,本研究采用全自动血细胞分析仪,对上海市崇明地区不同性别和生理状态的185只健康崇明白山羊19项主要血液生理指标进行测定。结果显示：后备母羊,妊娠母羊,哺乳母羊,成年母羊,成年公羊,断奶小母羊,断奶小公羊,哺乳小羊之间嗜酸性粒细胞计数(EO)指标差异显著(P<0.05),中性粒细胞计数(NEUT),嗜碱性粒细胞计数(BASO),嗜碱性粒细胞百分比(BASO%)3项指标差异不显著(P>0.05),其他15项指标差异均极显著(P<0.01)。说明不同性别和生理状态的崇明白山羊部分血液学指标波动范围有一定的差异。     

黑龙江省传统家酿葡萄酒质量探析

为了解传统家酿葡萄酒的产品质量,收集并测定了22份家酿葡萄酒的理化指标和卫生指标。结果表明,仅11份样品的酒精度达标,达标率为50%;18份样品残余总糖含量小于4.0g/L,属于干型葡萄酒;18份样品总酸含量超标(大于5.0 g/L);4份样品的挥发酸含量超标(大于1.05 g/L);8份样品甲醇含量超标(大于0.04 g/100 mL);样品的菌落总数和大肠菌群数各有5份超过我国发酵酒的卫生标准。综合分析22份样品的质量,仅6份样品完全符合国家标准,样品不合格率高达72.7%。因此,传统家酿葡萄酒的制作和饮用应引起关注。     

Responses of aerobically grown iron chlorosis tolerant and susceptible rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes to soil iron management in an Inceptisol

Iron deficiency is a serious nutritional disorder in aerobic rice, causing chlorosis, poor yields and reduced grain nutritional quality. The problem can be managed by complementing the use of Fe-efficient plant type with a suitable Fe management strategy. In the present paper, we report the effect of eight iron management practices to resolve the problem of iron (Fe) chlorosis through the use of an iron deficiency tolerant (IDTR) and iron deficiency susceptible (IDSR) rice genotype, i.e. Pusa 33 and ADT 39, respectively. Fe deficiency tolerance of these genotypes was related to the root release of PS which enabled a higher uptake of Fe in the IDTR than the IDSR under Fe deficiency. In general, IDTR performed better than the IDSR as evident from a significant increase in total iron, active iron, chlorophyll content and grain and straw yield. IDSR produced the highest grain and straw yield under slow iron release nano clay complex source. Grain Fe content of the IDTR and IDSR increased by 18.9 and 13.4%, respectively, under recommended dose of Fe. The results identified the most effective soil management strategies for the alleviating Fe deficiency chlorosis and improving Fe nutrition of both IDTR and IDSR genotypes.     

Spatiotemporal dynamics of plant diversity in response to farmers’ evolved settlements in Shanghai

The expansion of the Shanghai metropolitan region has caused a substantial amount of farmland to become urbanized. Most farmers have lost their land and have been relocated from villages to new collective settlements, resulting in dramatic changes in the landscape pattern. This study explores the effects of this transformation on the spatiotemporal dynamics of plant diversity. We randomly sampled 22 plots comprising 294 subplots within two crossed transects that pass through 5 traditional villages and 17 new settlements. The results show that resettlement has exerted significant effects on plant species diversity, both temporally and spatially. Temporally, the Gleason index (GI) of total species over time could be ordered as 1990s > 2000s > 1980s, while Shannon’s diversity index (SHDI) was ordered as 2000s > 1990s > 1980s. Spatially, the GI of total species decreased from the urban center to the exurbs or from the inside to the outside of the built-up areas. SHDI was highest in suburbs or ecotones. Furthermore, the GI of total species had significant correlations with those of indigenous species, exotic species, and planted species (r > 0.90, p < 0.01) as well as with the region and location of settlement (r < −0.48, p < 0.01). Both indigenous and exotic species had significant positive correlations with total species richness at 0.01 levels. Generally, compared with traditional settlements, new settlements displayed greater richness and diversity of plant species, primarily because of the exotic species present in new settlements. The farmers’ socio-economic status was found to be the primary cause of differences in species richness. To protect indigenous and wild species, it is necessary to take into account local knowledge in villages to encourage Chinese farmers to participate actively in community greening. A bridge should be built between traditional villages and modern settlements and between the past and future for farmers.     

西瓜耐冷性鉴定指标的筛选

旨为分析不同西瓜品种在发芽期的耐冷特性、苗期的生长特性、光合作用及生理生化方面的差异,筛选出西瓜耐冷性的综合鉴定指标和鉴定方法,为实际生产上选育耐冷性的西瓜种质资源提供依据。通过对12份西瓜材料进行耐冷性比较,初步筛选出3个耐冷性不同的西瓜材料,对这3个材料进行低温处理。结果表明：不同处理时间下,各品种的冷害指数有差异。通过测定处理6d和8d时的冷害指数,得出各品种耐低温性强弱,从中选出耐低温性品种红野一号、中等耐低温性品种抗病苏蜜和冷敏感品种橙兰。15℃低温条件下,耐冷性品种红野一号的发芽率、相对发芽率、胚根长及相对胚根长最高。15℃可作为西瓜种子发芽期耐低温性鉴定的适宜温度;种子的始发芽日期、相对发芽率、相对胚根长可作为西瓜芽期耐低温鉴定指标。三叶一心的西瓜幼苗低温处理后,植株的生长量降低,光合速率下降,植株叶片的酶活性增加,MDA含量上升,各指标的变化幅度与低温处理强度及品种自身耐冷性相关。得出植株的株高、叶面积、株鲜质量、根干质量、净光合速率( Pn)、Chl a/b比值、MDA含量的变化幅度可作为西瓜耐低温品种筛选的鉴定指标。     

外源NO对低温胁迫下豇豆幼苗生长和生理特性的影响

研究不同浓度的外源NO供体硝普钠（sodium nitroprusside, SNP）溶液对8 ℃低温胁迫下豇豆幼苗生长和生理特性的影响,结果表明,0.5~1.5 mmol/L外源NO处理下,豇豆幼苗叶面积、根冠比、壮苗指数有所提高,脯氨酸（Pro）、可溶性蛋白和叶绿素含量增加,丙二醛（MDA）含量降低。过高或过低浓度的外源NO对低温胁迫下豇豆幼苗生长的缓解作用均不显著,过低浓度的外源NO会促进MDA累积。在低温胁迫下,适当浓度的外源NO能促进脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白的形成,提高叶绿素含量,降低膜脂过氧化程度,从而增强豇豆幼苗对低温胁迫的适应性。     

猪H1foo基因的克隆与真核表达载体的构建

卵特异性连接组蛋白(oocyte-specific linker histone H1,H1foo)是在哺乳动物卵母细胞与早期胚胎内特异表达的连接组蛋白,它在卵母细胞生长成熟、受精及胚胎发育中起关键性作用.本研究旨在克隆猪H1foo基因,并构建其真核表达载体.首先利用5'RACE和RT-PCR的方法获得猪H1foo基因的CDS区,并提交GenBank,登录号为HQ915640;然后将H1foo基因的CDS区连接到载体pMD19-T上,经酶切后定向克隆到表达载体pVenus上,从而构建pVenus-H1foo真核表达载体;用脂质体2000介导重组质粒pVenus-H1foo转染Hela细胞,荧光显微镜下观察、RT-PCR检测,确定重组质粒在Hela细胞内的表达和定位;最后通过体外转录试剂盒将H1foo-venus体外转录为mRNA,并显微注射至猪卵母细胞,荧光显微镜观察其表达和定位.序列分析表明猪Hlfoo基因CDS区全长1 041bp,编码346个氨基酸,蛋白分子量为36.45kD,在核苷酸水平上与牛、人和小鼠H1foo基因的相似度分别为75.7％、67.9％和54.3％;真核表达载体pVenus-H1foo转染后,能在He(l)a细胞中表达并可以准确的定位在细胞核;体外转录的H1foo-venusmRNA显微注射猪卵后其融合蛋白也能准确定位于细胞核.本研究克隆了猪H1foo基因并成功构建其真核表达载体;体外转录的H1foo-venusmRNA能在猪卵中正确表达和定位,为进一步研究H1foo在猪卵母细胞成熟以及核移植过程中的作用提供了基础资料.