Differences in Wheat Cultivar Response to N Supply. I: Differences in Grain Yield Formation

Two-year field trials with winter wheat cultivars Batis and Toronto were conducted in Southern Bavaria, Germany, to investigate the possible causes of cultivar differences in response to N supply varying in total amount and time of application. Cultivar-related differences in grain yields were observed in treatments with low and medium N supply. High doses of N supply resulted in grain yield adjustment or grain yield advantage for cv. Toronto. The results of this study revealed a consistent, genotypic pattern in response to N fertilization in spite of strong seasonal effects. Systematic modifications in canopy growth rates in response to N supply were of particular relevance and a main factor for differences in tillering intensity resulting in modified stand densities. In the present study, cultivar differences in spike development and interactions with N supply related more to abortion than to initiation processes for number of spikelets and number of flowers per spikelet. High grain density (grains per m²) of cv. Toronto was evident during reproduction stages even under conditions of medium N supply. However, decreased growth rates during the later part of grain filling in combination with low 1000 grain weight, which was barely modified by N fertilization, allowed only partial utilization of this potential. It is assumed that sink limitations were of particular relevance for grain yield development in cv. Toronto, while cv. Batis combined a less intense response to N supply with more stability in the development of grain yield components.     

草坪阔叶杂草的防除技术研究

2001￣2002年,应用百草敌、2,4-D丁酯乳油、2甲4氯丙酸及混合药剂对西宁郊区石头磊实验地草坪杂草进行防除实验。结果表明:百草敌、2,4-D丁酯乳油及混合物药剂I对几种主要杂草防除效果比较好,与对照相比较,30d能达到100%,且两种混剂有增效作用,扩大了除草剂的使用范围。     

Relevance of the variability of kidding day in Creole goats in Guadeloupe

The results of 5732 records of kids born between 1985 and 1996 at Gardel Agricultural Experiment Station (INRA) in Guadeloupe, were used in order to estimate the effect of kidding day (KD) on individual preweaning growth performances, total productivity of Creole goats and litter size. The flock was subjected to a restricted mating season for a long time, by using male effect. The results of the fixed linear model showed a highly significant (P<0.001) effect of KD on growth rate and total productivity of does. Live weights of kids born around the 21st day of the kidding period (KP) was 4% to 7% higher than those of kids born the first day of the KP. For total productivity of does, this ratio did not reached more than 4%. The optimum at 70 days of age occurred around 14th day of the KD with 3% of improvement of total productivity. No effect was observed upon litter size. The genetic (co)variance components were estimated by six different Individual Animal Models. The heritability (h²) estimated from the best model, was h_D²=0.25±0.05 for genetic direct effect; h_M²=0.09±0.04 for genetic maternal effect and the genetic correlation between direct and maternal effects was −0.86±0.12. The use of KD could be highly recommended in a breeding program in this population of Creole meat goats, since it is quite easy to record under commercial conditions as a character related to reproductive performance.     

用吹扫捕集法测定十字花科蔬菜中挥发性物质

采用吹扫捕集技术(Purge and Trap technique)对不同十字花科蔬菜中的挥发性成分进行了富集,以气质联用仪(GC／MS)进行鉴定。结果在白菜、羽衣甘蓝、芥蓝、青花菜、芥菜和大白菜中共鉴定出86种挥发性物质,化合物的种类包括醇类、醛类、酮类、酯类、硫醚类等,同时还发现了硫苷降解产物异硫氰酸盐和腈类等化合物。     

蜂花粉营养液的营养成分分析

蜂花粉营养液以油菜花粉和蜂蜜为原料,经过先进的生产工艺制备而成.本文主要对其营养成分进行了分析,该营养液的营养成分搭配合理,含有17种氨基酸,其中包括8种必需氨基酸,氨基酸总量为575.2 mg/100mL;钙31.90 mg/100mL、钾77.46 mg/100mL、钠6.16 mg/100mL、镁19.12 mg/100mL、锌0.14 mg/100mL、铁0.14 mg/100mL、锰0.13 mg/100mL、铜0.053 mg/100mL;尼克酸0.24 mg/100mL、维生素B2 0.01mg/100mL、维生素B6 0.74 mg/100mL、维生素C 0.75 mg/100mL.     

园林布局中必然性和偶然性要素的辩识与运用

阐释了园林构成要素中的必然性要素和偶然性要素及其相互关系与运用意义；以昆明世博园中“齐鲁园”为例，辩识了“齐鲁园”中必然性与偶然性园林要素，分析了诸要素在特定园林环境布局中的运用。     

化学脱叶对桃自然休眠的调控效应

以两年生曙光油桃为试材,研究不同时期不同化学物质的脱叶效果和打破休眠的效应,结果表明:8%NH4NO3的脱叶效果最好,但对树体有严重药害,综合考虑以8%尿素为优选脱叶试剂;化学脱叶使萌芽提早6~8d,但仅使花期提前2~4d日对叶芽的作用效果显著;化学脱叶明显降低了花芽碳水化合物含量、自然坐果率和花粉生活力,使花期延长,但对完全花比例无显著影响。     

高寒草地有害毒草--狼毒的化学防除研究

选用5种化学除草剂,用不同用药量对狼毒在花期进行化学防除试验,试验结果表明,在花期用1500ml/hm2的“狼毒净1号“叶面喷雾可使受药狼毒的死亡率达到98.50%以上,而且能有效抑制草地狼毒群落,促进禾本科牧草生长,对草地可食牧草和非靶标生物安全.     

黄伞菌丝深层发酵培养基的优化

采用摇瓶培养法对黄伞菌丝深层发酵培养基组成进行了研究。结果表明 ,黄伞菌丝深层发酵适宜的碳源为葡萄糖 ,适宜的氮源为牛肉膏 ;正交试验得到较优培养基配方     

中草药牛蒡子化学成分及药理研究进展

牛蒡子是一种常用中药,性寒,味辛、苦,归胃、肺经,具有疏散风热、宣肺透疹的功效,临床上用于治疗外感风热、咳嗽气喘、咽喉肿痛等症。综述了牛蒡子的主要化学成分木脂素类、挥发油类、脂肪油类及帖类及其抑菌、抗病毒、抗肿瘤、治疗肾病、降血糖等众多药理作用现状,旨在为牛蒡子的化学成分及其药理作用的研究与开发提供参考,指导传统中草药牛蒡子在畜牧业养殖生产中的临床应用。