半滑舌鳎Cs-UBE2D4基因的克隆、表达模式及启动子活性

泛素-蛋白酶体系统作为重要的蛋白质修饰途径,参与多个生物学过程,其中泛素结合酶E2作为关键酶可以决定泛素化对靶蛋白的影响。为了探究泛素结合酶E2在半滑舌鳎雌性性腺发育中的作用,本研究克隆了半滑舌鳎Cs-UBE2D4基因的开放阅读框ORF,检测了该基因在不同组织和不同发育阶段性腺中的表达模式;构建了其启动子报告基因载体(pGL3-Cs-UBE2D4)并进行了启动子活性分析。Cs-UBE2D4开放阅读框为360 bp,编码119个氨基酸,含有保守的泛素结合酶E2结构域。荧光定量PCR结果显示,Cs-UBE2D4在雌鱼的各组织中广泛表达,其中在卵巢和肝脏中表达量较高,而在雄鱼中几乎检测不到表达;在卵巢各发育阶段中,该基因的表达量从90日龄开始上调,6月龄达到峰值,之后开始下调,在1.5龄时表达量最低,在3龄时表达量有所回升,其中6月龄表达量为90日龄表达量的1.97倍。双荧光素酶活性检测结果显示,Cs-UBE2D4启动子具有较强的转录活性。本实验将为进一步开展Cs-UBE2D4基因对半滑舌鳎卵巢发育和性别调控相关机制的研究提供理论依据。     

鸽保健砂中主要矿物质元素含量及钙磷测定前处理方法的比较

为了解保健砂中主要矿物质元素的含量情况,试验采集了6省共11个地区的鸽保健砂产品,首先比较了用湿法消化、干法消化和酸溶解法对钙磷待测样品进行前处理的效果,分别按照GB/T 6436-2018和GB/T 6437-2018测定方法测定了样品中的Ca、P含量,接着采用GB/T 13885-2017方法测定了样品中Fe、Cu...     

Inhibitory effects of seaweeds on histamine release from rat basophile leukemia cells (RBL-2H3)

ABSTRACT:   The effects of 80% methanol extracts from frozen samples of 41 macroalgae and one sea grass collected in the Ise-Shima region of Japan were investigated on histamine release from rat basophile leukemia cells (RBL-2H3) sensitized with antidinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE and stimulated with DNP-BSA. Of the 21 brown algae, five green and 15 red algae, and one sea grass tested, only extracts from seven brown algae suppressed histamine release from RBL cells, as determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. When the cytotoxic effects of the seven brown algal extracts were investigated by Trypan blue staining, only Eisenia arborea and Sargassum thunbergii did not show cytotoxic effects. Therefore, we conclude that E. arborea and S. thunbergii may contain compounds that have antiallergic effects without inducing cell death.     

犬细小病毒高效纳米PCR检测方法的建立及初步应用

为建立灵敏、快速的犬细小病毒(CPV)检测方法,本研究针对CPVVP2基因保守序列设计一对能扩增574bp片段的特异性引物,对纳米PCR的退火温度、引物浓度等反应条件进行了优化,并对其特异性和灵敏度进行了评估。结果表明,所建立的纳米PCR特异性和灵敏性良好,最低核酸检出量为2拷贝·μL^-1,其敏感性比常规PCR高1000倍。分别采用纳米PCR和常规PCR,对广西、北京、吉林送检的75份疑似CPV的临床样品进行检测,CPV阳性率分别为89.3%(67/75)和70.7%(53/75),表明该方法具有更高的敏感性,适用于CPV低含量临床样品的检测。本方法的建立为CPV感染的早期快速、灵敏、准确的诊断提供了新方法,为CPV的防控奠定基础,具有重大的临床应用意义和价值。     

Distribution of latent bovine herpesvirus 2 DNA in tissues of experimentally infected sheep

The biology of latent infection by bovine herpesvirus 2 (BoHV-2), the agent of mammillitis in cows, remains largely unknown. We herein report attempts to reactivate the latent infection and investigated the sites of BoHV-2 latency in experimentally infected sheep. Ewes inoculated with BoHV-2 in the udder’s skin shed virus for up to five days, developed mammillitis and seroconverted. However, attempts to reactivate latent infection by dexamethasone administration at day 40 pi failed. Nevertheless, viral DNA - and not infectious virus - was detected by PCR in several nerve ganglia and/or regional lymph nodes (LNs) of all animals at day 40 post-reactivation. Likewise, lambs previously inoculated with BoHV-2 in the nose harbored latent viral DNA in trigeminal ganglia, tonsils and regional LNs. These results demonstrate that BoHV-2 establishes latent infection in nerve ganglia and in regional lymphoid tissues, yet virus reactivation is not easily achieved by standard protocols used.     

Preliminary Studies on the Concentration of Na+,K+-ATPase in Skeletal Muscle of Draught Cattle in Mozambique: Effect of Sex,Age and Training

The effect of training on the potential for work in draught cattle was assessed by measuring the Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase in the muscle cell membrane and the elevation in the concentration of K⁺ in plasma during exercise. Biopsies of the semitendinosus muscle and venous blood samples were taken from the cattle used for draught work in Mozambique. No differences were found in the plasma ion or Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase concentrations in samples taken from Nguni, Africander and Angoni breeds. There were no significant differences in plasma ions (Na⁺, K⁺ and Cl^–) or muscle Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase concentrations between the Angoni males and females, although the males showed an increase in Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase with age, while the females showed a decrease. The increase in males might be attributed to their higher level of activity in the herds than that of females. After a training period of 15 days, a significant increase in Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase concentration in semitendinosus muscle was found in Angoni cattle. In females, this was significant after 8 days of training (about 30%); in males after 15 days of training (about 16%). On day 15, there was a reduction in the elevation of plasma K⁺ during the 2 h of draught work, indicating an increased capacity of the Na⁺,K⁺ pumps to maintain the extracellular K⁺ concentration in working muscles and a possible delay in the moment of fatigue.     

Basic characterization of avian β‐defensin genes in the Japanese quail,Coturnix japonica

In this study, we identified a cluster of 14 avian β‐defensins (AvBD; approximately 66 kbp) in the Japanese quail, Coturnix japonica. Except for AvBD12 (CjAvBD12) and ‐13, the CjAvBDs coding sequences exhibited greater than 78.0% similarity to the respective orthologous chicken AvBD genes (GgAvBD). The putative amino acid sequence encoded by each CjAvBD contained six cysteine residues and the GXC (X1‐2) motif considered essential for the β‐defensin family. Each CjAvBDs also formed a sub‐group with the respective orthologous genes of various bird species in a phylogenetic tree analysis. Synteny between the CjAvBD cluster and GgAvBD cluster was confirmed. The CjAvBD cluster was mapped on the long‐arm end of chromosome 3 by linkage analysis based on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CjAvBD1 and CjAvBD12 (approximately 46kbp), as well as GgAvBD cluster. We also confirmed that CjAvBD1, ‐4, ‐5, ‐9, and ‐10 are transcribed in 20 tissues, including immune and digestive tissues. However, our experimental data indicated that the CjAvBD cluster lacks the AvBD3 and ‐7 loci, whereas the CjAvBD101α, ‐101β, and ‐101θ loci arose from gene duplication of the AvBD6 orthologous locus in the CjAvBD cluster after differentiation between Coturnix ‐ Gallus.     

华山新麦草穗发芽抗性相关基因AIP2的克隆及其序列分析

为了挖掘和利用华山新麦草(Psathyrostachys huashanica,2n=14,NsNs)的优良基因,拓宽小麦穗发芽抗性基因资源,以华山新麦草为材料,采用同源克隆的方法克隆AIP2基因,利用生物信息学软件分析其基因结构及功能。结果表明,从华山新麦草中成功克隆AIP2基因,该基因的开放阅读框为840bp,编码279个氨基酸残基,结构域预测结果显示AIP2蛋白含有完整的Ring保守域,属于锌指环家族成员。AIP2的gDNA含5个外显子,4个内含子,华山新麦草AIP2氨基酸序列与感穗发芽小麦品种中优9507的AIP2氨基酸序列的相似性为84%,与中优9507相比缺失了44个氨基酸,与抗穗发芽的乌拉尔图小麦的AIP2氨基酸序列的相似性为80%,华山新麦草和乌拉尔图小麦都有氨基酸缺失,推测这些缺失的氨基酸可能与华山新麦草穗发芽抗性强有很大关系。本研究为小麦穗发芽抗性改良提供了新的候选基因。     

猪ADAR2基因全长cDNA克隆、序列特征及表达模式分析

旨在克隆猪作用于RNA的腺苷脱氨酶2基因(ADAR2)全长cDNA序列,同时对该基因在猪不同组织中的表达规律进行探索.利用RACE(rapid-amplification of cDNA ends)对大白猪ADAR2基因mRNA全长序列进行克隆,并进行生物信息学分析;用荧光定量PCR方法检测35日龄大白猪心、肝、肺、肾...     

绒山羊皮肤毛囊兴盛前期组织形态、chi-miR-107-3p与RHBDF2基因表达分析

为了探究chi-miR-107-3p和菱形家族蛋白2（rhomboid family member 2,RHBDF2）基因在不同品种（系）和光控增绒绒山羊兴盛前期（5~7月份）皮肤毛囊重建时的表达差异,本试验在7月份采集内蒙古阿拉善型绒山羊、敏盖绒山羊和光控增绒技术处理的阿尔巴斯型绒山羊体侧皮肤毛囊组织,采用组织切片技术对组织形态比较分析,实时荧光定量PCR法检测chi-miR-107-3p和RHBDF2基因的表达量。结果显示,在皮肤毛囊兴盛前期,阿拉善型绒山羊次级毛囊正处于重建阶段,敏盖绒山羊和阿尔巴斯型绒山羊（光控增绒）次级毛囊重建已基本完成;在阿拉善型绒山羊皮肤组织中chi-miR-107-3p表达量极显著高于敏盖绒山羊和阿尔巴斯型绒山羊（光控增绒）（P<0.01）,而RHBDF2基因表达量极显著低于其他两品种（系）（P<0.01）,且RHBDF2基因表达量在敏盖绒山羊皮肤组织中显著低于阿尔巴斯型绒山羊（P<0.05）。不同品种（系）和光控增绒绒山羊皮肤毛囊兴盛前期组织显微结构与chi-miR-107-3p、RHBDF2基因在皮肤组织中的表达差异分析结果相一致,次级毛囊重建初期chi-miR-107-3p表达量较高,而RHBDF2基因表达量极低,随着次级毛囊重建完成,chi-miR-107-3p表达量明显降低,RHBDF2基因表达量逐渐增高,且在不同品种（系）内蒙古绒山羊绒毛生长发育过程中的表达机制基本相同。因此,chi-miR-107-3p和RHBDF2基因是绒山羊皮肤毛囊生长发育的重要调控因子。