采用CTAB与SDS法提取白术DNA的研究

[目的]获取白术中高质量基因组DNA。[方法]选取新鲜白术叶片,破碎细胞壁,用经改良的CTAB与SDS法进行DNA分离纯化提取。[结果]改良CTAB法提取的DNA OD值为1.8～1.9,较改良SDS法的OD值(1.5～1.6)高。[结论]改良CTAB法提取的DNA浓度和纯度较高,可作为模板用于后续分子标记的研究。     

核桃不同组织高质量总RNA的提取方法

利用改良CTAB法,分别从富含多糖、多酚及黄酮类物质的核桃叶、绿果、茎、种子和根中成功提取高质量的总RNA。经电泳、紫外分光光度计、RT-PCR和Northern杂交分析,结果显示,各组织的总RNA至少有2条清晰的电泳条带,产量可达174μg/g,A260/A280比值在2.0左右,通过RT-PCR在不同组织中均能扩增出核桃18S基因的cDNA片段,而且以18S基因为探针在不同组织中也分别获得清晰的Northern杂交信号,说明利用此法分离核桃各组织的RNA纯度和浓度完全符合后续分子生物学研究的要求。     

Synthetic tetramer of a Phytophthora sojae-inducible fragment from soybean GmaSKTI36 promoter improves its pathogen induction activities

Using pathogen-induced promoters to control expression of the functional genes in transgenic plants may greatly increase the chances of boosting disease resistance. However, the number of the inducible promoters is limited. Here, we found that soybean GmaSKTI36 gene is strongly induced upon Phytophthora sojae infection. Functional analysis showed that its promoter could mediate rapid and strong induction of GUS expression upon pathogen infection in both Nicotiana benthamiana leaves and soybean hairy roots. Then, a 122 bp fragment that was critical to the activity was successfully identified by a progressive 5′ deletion analysis. Importantly, we found that a synthetic promoter by tetramerizing this fragment could confer strong P. sojae induction activities. Overall, the results suggested that the GmaSKTI36 promoter, the 122 bp fragment, and the synthetic promoter are potentially useful pathogen-inducible promoters.     

甘薯薯块DNA提取方法研究

甘薯薯块富含淀粉、酚类等物质,不利于DNA提取。为了研究甘薯薯块DNA提取的最佳方法,采用经典CTAB法、改良CTAB法一、改良CTAB法二和SDS提取法,对甘薯薯块总DNA提取效果进行比较,以试剂盒法提取结果作对照。结果表明:采用经典CTAB提取法和SDS提取法获得的薯块DNA含有较多杂质,且降解严重,样品质量低;CTAB改良法一能降低DNA样品中多糖等物质的含量,但DNA存在一定程度降解,且耗时较长;CTAB改良法二提取效果最佳,杂质含量低且DNA降解少,与试剂盒提取效果最接近,是一种较为理想的甘薯薯块DNA提取方法。     

DNA Quantity and Quality in Remnants of Traffic-Killed Specimens of an Endangered Longhorn Beetle: A Comparison of Different Methods

The sampling of living insects should be avoided in highly endangered species when the sampling would further increase the risk of population extinction. Nonlethal sampling (wing clips or leg removals) can be an alternative to obtain DNA of individuals for population genetic studies. However, nonlethal sampling may not be possible for all insect species. We examined whether remnants of traffic-killed specimens of the endangered and protected flighless longhorn beetle Iberodorcadion fuliginator (L., 1758) can be used as a resource for population genetic analyses. Using insect fragments of traffic-killed specimens collected over 15 yr, we determined the most efficient DNA extraction method in relation to the state of the specimens (crushed, fragment, or intact), preservation (dried, airtight, or in ethanol), storage duration, and weight of the sample by assessing the quantity and quality of genomic DNA. A modified cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide method provided the highest recovery rate of genomic DNA and the largest yield and highest quality of DNA. We further used traffic-killed specimens to evaluate two DNA amplification techniques (quantitative polymerase chain reaction [qPCR] and microsatellites). Both qPCR and microsatellites revealed successful DNA amplification in all degraded specimens or beetle fragments examined. However, relative qPCR concentration and peak height of microsatellites were affected by the state of specimen and storage duration but not by specimen weight. Our investigation demonstrates that degraded remnants of traffic-killed beetle specimens can serve as a source of high-quality genomic DNA, which allows to address conservation genetic issues.     

山核桃胚和胚乳总RNA的提取与cDNA的合成

为了快速高效地提取山核桃胚/胚乳的总RNA,满足后续实验的要求,借鉴Jaakola等的总RNA提取方法,针对山核桃种仁富含油脂及次生代谢物质的特点,对山核桃胚/胚乳总RNA提取的方法进行了改良,这种改良的CTAB法与TRIzol试剂盒法相比,虽然消耗时间较长,但得到的总RNA完整性好,纯度高,所提取的总RNA在体外能成功进行反转录.     

一种改良的CTAB法提取马尾松基因组DNA

以马尾松针叶为试验材料,利用改良的CTAB法抽提基因组DNA,其浓度和纯度符合PCR实验的要求,经凝胶电泳检测,DNA纯化效果好。     

几种内生真菌DNA提取方法的比较

通过三种内生真菌DNA提取方法的比较,即CTAB法、SDS法、改良的CTAB法,结果表明三种方法都能得到目的DNA,而且得率都不错,但改良的CTAB法效果最好,DNA纯度高且质量也好。用改良的CTAB法所提取的DNA作为模板,进行PCR扩增,得到了清晰的单一的扩增普带,完全可用于酶切、测序等后续实验。     

基于改进CTAB法提取空间诱变柱花草总DNA研究

[目的]用改进CTAB法提取空间诱变柱花草的总DNA。[方法]以柱花草幼苗叶片为材料,采用改良CTAB法提取柱花草总DNA。[结果]所提的DNA凝胶条带清晰,无拖尾现象,浓度在406．6～857．3ng／μl,0D260／DD230检测值在1．96—2．18,OD260／0D280检测值在1．76—1．98。所提DNA适用于ISSR-PCR。[结论]该方法具有简便、快速、高效的特点。     

一种改良的棉花总DNA提取方法

为了获取高质量的棉花基因组DNA,进行了后续分子实验,通过对已有的几种DNA提取方法进行综合比较,寻找一套优化的适于棉花高质量DNA的提取方法。结果表明,优化的棉花基因组DNA提取方法所提取的DNA纯度高,无降解现象,适用于进行常规PCR扩增以及进行高精度要求的SSR扩增。