CPPU的特性及其在西瓜甜瓜生产中的应用

CPPU是1种具有细胞分裂素活性的苯基脲衍生物。概述了CPPU的特性及其在西瓜甜瓜生产中促进果实膨大、提高坐瓜率和产种量等方面的广泛应用。     

CPPU在柿试管繁殖中的应用

对CPPU和ZT在柿试管繁殖中的应用价值进行了比较研究,结果表明:CPPU是一种可代替ZT的特效细胞分裂素,添加有CPPU0.2mg/L的MS(1/2N)培养基能促进芽的增殖和生长,且用此培养基继代培养的试管苗生根能力也有所提高。     

不同植物生长调节剂在‘夏黑’葡萄上的应用研究

以4年生避雨栽培的‘夏黑’葡萄为试材,研究不同植物生长调节剂配方和浓度对其果实品质的影响。结果表明：3种植物生长调节剂都能促进葡萄果实的膨大,而CPPU和TDZ对果实单粒重和纵横径的增大效果明显好于GA₃。此外,使用生长调节剂处理后的果实可溶性固形物含量均显著降低。相较于GA₃,CPPU和TDZ处理对果实可溶性固形物含量的影响更大。综合来看,‘夏黑’葡萄比较适宜在生产上采取2次GA₃处理模式,建议在盛花末期施用25 mg/L GA₃,10天后施用50 mg/L GA₃进行蘸穗处理。     

CPPU对无核黄皮果实生长和风味品质的影响

研究不同浓度CPPU处理对郁南无核黄皮果实生长和品质的影响。结果表明,花后20d用CPPU10mg/L处理幼果,收获时果实纵径、横径和体积均显著高于对照,CPPU5mg/L处理差异不显著,CPPU20mg/L处理能显著促进果实的纵向生长。CPPU处理郁南无核黄皮果实的可滴定酸含量与对照差异不显著,但CPPU5mg/L和10mg/L处理可提高果实的可溶性糖和维生素C含量,尤其是CPPU5mg/L处理的果实含糖量和糖酸比均显著高于对照。     

Change in flower morphology of Torenia fournieri Lind. induced by forchlorfenuron application

We induced various flower morphologies in torenia (Torenia fournieri Lind.) by the application of forchlorfenuron (CPPU). Those morphologies were the combination of four basic morphological changes, the development of serrate petals, incised petals, a paracorolla, and an increased number of floral organs. These morphological changes occurred systematically depending on the floral stage at the time of CPPU application. Serrate petals were induced when CPPU was applied during the stages of corolla development, whereas application at younger stages induced petal incision. The serrate petal margin resulted from preferential proliferation of cells around the vascular bundles, whereas petal incision likely resulted from the lateral outgrowths of petal. A paracorolla was induced at the adaxial petal face when CPPU was applied between the sepal development stage and early corolla development. The paracorolla appears to have arisen from the lateral outgrowths of the stamen. The numbers of stamens, petals, and sepals increased when CPPU was applied at and before the differentiation of sex organs and the corolla. Enlargement of the floral meristem probably caused this increase. Application of N⁶-benzylaminopurine and zeatin did not induce these morphological changes.     

Cytokinin and gibberellin delay regreening of spathe tissue of Zantedeschia ‘Best Gold’

Spathe regreening is a primary determinant limiting the postharvest quality for most hybrids of Zantedeschia, e.g. ‘Best Gold’, wherein the spathe commences regreening approximately two days after it is fully open. To identify an effective method to postpone the regreening, several synthetic plant hormones were evaluated for their influence on changes in color during regreening of discs excised from the spathe of ‘Best Gold’. The tested synthetic plant hormones included 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), zeatin, N₁-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N₃-phenylurea (CPPU) and GA₃ at concentrations up to 0.1 mM. A concentration of BAP at 0.5 mM resulted in phytotoxicity symptoms on discs. Subsequently, the effect of a combination of BAP and GA₃ on the regreening was examined. Application of the cytokinins (in particular BAP at 0.1 mM) or GA₃ alone resulted in a one to five day delay in regreening on the spathe tissue. The most effective treatment in delaying regreening was from the simultaneous application of GA₃ and BAP in a ratio of 1:1 (v:v) at 0.1 mM, wherein regreening was delayed for more than ten days. This treatment was then tested on the entire inflorescence, resulting in a delay in regreening for between seven and eight days.     

几种植物生长调节剂对葡萄果实大小和品质的效应

对ＣＰＰＵ、ＧＡ＿３、ＰＤＪ和Ｓ－ＡＢＡ等几种植物生长调节剂组合对葡萄果实大小和品质的影响进行了研究。结果表明：在盛花期前１０天ＧＡ＿３５０×１０￣（－６）配合盛花后１０天ＣＰＰＵ１０×１０（－６）和ＧＡ＿３１０×１０￣（－６）混合处理，增大白香蕉葡萄果穗和果粒重量的效果明显，同时增加了果实可溶性固形物含量和着色度。在盛花后１５天ＣＰＰＵ５×１０￣（－６）配合果实着色始期ＰＤＪ２５０×１０（－６）的处理，可明显增大藤稔葡萄果穗、单粒重及可溶性固形物含量，并促进果面着色。     

应用CPPU增大辽伏苹果果实的效应研究

在盛花后２周和３周，以不同浓度的ＣＰＰＵ［Ｎ－（２－ｃｈｌｏｒｏ－４－ｐｙｒｉｄｙ）－Ｎ＇－ｐｈｅｎｙｌｕｒｅａ，通用名称Ｆｏｒｃｈｌｏｒｏｆｅｎｕｒｏｎ］对辽伏苹果果实进行表面喷雾处理，结果表明：２０、４０ｍｇ·１￣（－１）ＣＰＰＵ能促进果实纵径和横径增长，并明显提高单果重、果形指数和可食率。对果实可溶性固形物和可滴定酸含量的影响则因处理时期和使用浓度而异。盛花后２周使用降低可溶性固形物含量，４０ｍｇ·１￣（－１）ＣＰＰＵ处理增大果点和提高果实畸形率。而盛花后３周果面喷布２０ｍｇ·１—（－１）ＣＰＰＵ可以增大辽伏苹果果实２０％左右，对果实品质和花芽分化无不良影响。     

CPPU对苦瓜果实生长和内源激素含量的影响

以开化长白苦瓜为材料作外源CPPU处理,以研究CPPU对苦瓜果实生长和内源激素含量的影响,结果表明,10～50 mg/L CPPU在开花当天处理子房可以促进苦瓜果实的生长,使果长、横径和果重均比对照增加,其中又以20 mg/L处理效果最为明显,而100 mg/L则抑制果实的生长.HPLC分析表明,20 mg/L和100 mg/L CPPU处理均使果实内源ZT含量下降,ABA含量上升;20 mg/L处理使果实内源IAA和GA3含量明显上升,并在花后6 d达到峰值.     

CPPU在西瓜上的应用研究进展

CPPU是一种人工合成的细胞分裂素类物质,具有促进果实膨大和提高坐果率等功能,在园艺作物上有着广泛的应用。本文介绍了CPPU的推广历程,总结了CPPU在促进西瓜坐果和诱导单性结实、解决三倍体无籽西瓜授粉问题及CPPU对西瓜品质的影响等方面的研究进展,分析了其残留的安全性,最后提出了加强植物生长调节剂的生产管理和加快蜜蜂授粉技术研发的建议,以期增强公众对CPPU的科学认识,促进CPPU在西瓜生产中的正确使用。