拟南芥COI 1互作基因的分离

为进一步阐明茉莉素调控植物生长发育的分子机理，为作物抗性和雄性不育基因工程提供新思路，以COI1为诱饵，利用酵母双杂交分析体系筛选拟南芥cDNA文库，得到300多个阳性克隆，经PCR，RsaⅠ酶切PCR产物以后归为12群，从代表菌落提取pB42AD cDNA重组质粒进行了测序，完成了序列分析，得到ASK1，COAP2，COAP3，COAP4等12个基因，其中ASK1，COAP2，COAP3等基因与Skp1等重要基因有较高的同源性。     

Molecular systematics of bisexual Artemia populations

To help resolve phylogenetic relationships among bisexual Artemia populations, phylogenetic analysis was conducted using DNA sequences from the nuclear DNA internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS‐1) and portions of the mitochondrial genome corresponding to the cytochrome oxidase I (COI). DNA sequences were generated for nine bisexual Artemia populations living in different regions of the world. Phylogenetic trees based on ITS‐1 and COI sequences indicated that bisexual Artemia populations consist of four groups. The bisexual Artemia populations from Tibet and Kazakstan always clustered with Artemia urmiana in the same group; there is small sequence divergence and genetic distance among them. Therefore, we deduced that bisexual Artemia populations from Tibet and Kazakstan may belong to the A. urmiana group. Our study did not support that bisexual Artemia populations from Tibet are a new, separate species A. tibetiana. We also found that A. sinica and A. urmiana have a small genetic distance. Based upon these findings, we conclude that A. urmiana may have played an important role in the evolution of A. sinica.     

Mangrove horseshoe crab (Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda Latreille, 1802) populations reveal genetic break in Strait of Malacca,with connectivity along southern coasts of Peninsular Malaysia

1. The mangrove horseshoe crab, Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda, has divergent populations between the east and west coasts of Peninsular Malaysia, with the southern coast acting as a land barrier. The actual position of such a genetic break along Peninsular Malaysia as well as the connectivity status of the southernmost C. rotundicauda populations with east and west coast populations remain unexplored, however.
2. The aim was to investigate the genetic diversity and structure of C. rotundicauda populations from the west (Kuala Sepetang in State Perak), east (Balok in State Pahang), and southern (Pendas in State Johor) coasts of Peninsular Malaysia. Haemolymph samples from adult C. rotundicauda specimens (n = 152) and eggs from their freshly deposited nests (n = 190) were collected monthly (from January 2016 to January 2017) for the sequencing of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI).
3. Gene isolates of C. rotundicauda from the present study were compared with National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) GenBank sequences to cover most of the range of the species in Asia. A neighbour-joining tree strongly supported two clades, separating the west-coast populations from the south- and east-coast populations, with further substructure patterns.
4. Both haplotype network and barrier analyses revealed a genetic break within the Strait of Malacca instead of the southern tip of Peninsular Malaysia. The southernmost samples from the Strait of Johor formed a haplotypic diverse gene pool that appeared only as a subclade of the eastern populations. In a detailed haplotype network of 347 individuals, individuals with similar COI sequences indicate connectivity between C. rotundicauda on the east and C. rotundicauda on south and south west of Peninsular Malaysia.
5. Overall, the genetic break between C. rotundicauda populations is better explained by the convergent ocean currents and available mangrove habitats on the west coast (i.e. Strait of Malacca), rather than the point of the Malay Peninsula acting as a land barrier alone.

     

入境旅客非法携带番石榴中实蝇幼虫的分子鉴定

[目的]探索DNA条形码技术在实蝇快速鉴定中的应用。[方法]利用DNA条形码技术和BOLD系统,选取线粒体细胞色素氧化酶I(COI)基因片段,针对截获入境旅客非法携带的番石榴中实蝇幼虫进行序列测定、比对和分析,并对培养后的成虫进行形态学分类从而验证分子分类的结果。[结果]检测的11头实蝇幼虫全部鉴定为橘小实蝇[Bactrocera dorsalis(Hendel)]。[结论]为河北出入境检疫部门初步探索DNA条形码技术在实蝇快速鉴定中的应用及提升检疫工作的时效性奠定了技术基础。     

醒斑银弄蝶Carterocephalus alcina Evans, 1939与其近似种(鳞翅目: 弄蝶科: 链弄蝶亚科)的关系

目的 探讨醒斑银弄蝶Carterocephalus alcina Evans, 1939与其近似种的关系。方法 广泛采集醒斑银弄蝶及其近似种样本,基于形态特征、COI条形码及地理分布进行关系分析。结果 黄斑银弄蝶C. alcinoides Lee, 1962应是醒斑银弄蝶C. alcina的个体变异,故为其新异名;产自北京的2个银弄蝶标本与其近似种间的最小平均遗传距离为3.9%,在系统树上独立成支,前翅中室基部和后翅前缘中部有斑且后翅M_1-2室斑延伸至外缘,为其独有;醒斑银弄蝶、北京支系、银弄蝶C. palaemon和黄翅银弄蝶C. silvicola呈高度支持的单系支。结论 黄斑银弄蝶是醒斑银弄蝶的新异名;产自北京的近似于醒斑银弄蝶的种群是一个新种,即长斑银弄蝶Carterocephalus longimaculatus Hou, Fan & Li sp. nov.。     

基于28S, COI和Cytb基因序列的薜荔和爱玉子传粉小蜂分子遗传关系研究

薜荔和爱玉子均属于桑科榕属植物,二者为同一物种的原变种与变种的关系,早期研究认为这两种榕树与同一种传粉榕小蜂(Wiebesia pumilae (Hill))建立了稳定的互利共生关系,但近期在形态学、生态学、传粉生物学等方面对二者的研究结果表明,薜荔传粉小蜂和爱玉子传粉小蜂之间可能发生了遗传分化。实验用核糖体28SrDNAD1-D3区、线粒体Cytb及COI基因部分序列,对采自福建3个不同样地的薜荔传粉小蜂和3个不同品系的栽培爱玉子的传粉小蜂进行分析,结果表明:(1)薜荔传粉小蜂和爱玉子传粉小蜂的核糖体28S序列的碱基组成中A,T,G,C 4种含量较平均,C+G的平均含量(56%)稍高于A+T的含量(44%)。线粒体Cytb序列中A+T的含量(76.1%)明显高于C+G的含量(23.9%),COI序列中A+T的含量(71.9%)也明显高于G+C的含量(28.1%),这是膜翅目昆虫线粒体基因的普遍特征。在薜荔和爱玉子传粉小蜂的线粒体Cytb及COI基因中,密码子第三位点A+T的含量最高。(2)比较薜荔和爱玉子传粉小蜂的3种分子标记的变异范围显示,28S进化速度较Cytb及COI序列慢,比较保守,更适合科、亚科等较高分类单元的研究。薜荔传粉小蜂与爱玉子传粉小蜂之间的亲缘关系较近,采用Cytb与COI序列进行分析更为精确。(3)用Cytb及COI序列对薜荔传粉小蜂与爱玉子传粉小蜂之间的遗传距离进行分析显示,薜荔传粉榕小蜂个体间Cytb序列平均遗传距离为0.0054,爱玉子传粉小蜂个体间的Cytb遗传距离为0.0164;薜荔传粉小蜂与爱玉子传粉小蜂群体之间的Cytb序列平均遗传距离为0.1385;COI序列的薜荔传粉榕小蜂个体间遗传距离为0.0048,爱玉子传粉小蜂各样本间平均遗传距离为0.0102;薜荔传粉小蜂与爱玉子传粉小蜂群体间COI序列平均遗传距离为0.1896,两群体间的遗传距离(差异大于10%以上)明显大于群体内各样本之间的遗传距离,表明薜荔传粉小蜂与爱玉子传粉小蜂之间已经发生了很大的遗传分化,其变异水平达到了种间分化水平,即薜荔传粉小蜂与爱玉子传粉小蜂为两个不同的种。     

2008年江苏省局部地区烟粉虱生物型调查

烟粉虱[Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius)]是一种重要的农业害虫,分布于热带、亚热带及相邻温带等地区。近年来随着全球气候变暖及世界各地之间贸易交流的频繁,烟粉虱大范围扩散蔓延,目前已成为一种世界范围内发生的灾害性害虫。烟粉虱的寄主范围非常广泛,危害方式也呈现多样化,既可以吸取植物汁液直接造成危害,又可以分泌蜜露等导致煤污病,更为严重的是它可以传播多种植物病毒,导致     

中国近海13种对虾分子系统演化和近似种问题的研究

对中国沿海13种对虾科动物的16SrRNA基因（约371bp）和细胞色素氧化基因I（COI）部分序列（约385bp）进行了分析,并采用“最大简约法”、“最小进化法”和“最大似然法”构建了分子系统树。结果表明：在COI基因序列中,有113个位点存在变异（约为总位点数的31．8％）,高于16SrRNA基因序列的44个变异位点（约为总位点数的11．9％）;构建的分子系统树显示,所构建的NJ、ME和MP树的拓朴结构较为相似,但斑节对虾、日本对虾和缘沟对虾在3个树中相聚位置不同。中国沿海对虾科6属13种,形成3个明显的分支,这3支分别隶属新对虾属、仿对虾属和原对虾属。对虾属、新对虾属、仿对虾属的种间关系与分子系统发育分析结果与传统分类学相一致。16SrRNA序列可能更适用于对虾属以上阶元的遗传多样性分析;COI序列更适合对虾科种间和群体遗传多样性的研究。     

基于COI及28SrDNA序列分析的扶桑绵粉蚧地理种群的遗传分化研究

扶桑绵粉蚧(Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley)为危害棉花等经济作物安全生产的一种重要检疫性害虫。本研究分析了我国扶桑绵粉蚧6个地理种群(江苏、安徽、湖北、浙江、广东、广西)线粒体COI及核基因28S rDNA序列,结合中国海南、印度、巴基斯坦、美国地理种群的数据,分析了其可能的遗传分支。结果表明:扶桑绵粉蚧COI有7个单倍型,地理种群间显示出较小的遗传差异;28S rDNA序列在已测的中国六个地理种群中的结果高度保守,从核基因角度佐证了该种可能尚未出现种间分化。基于网络关系进化图、系统进化树分析得出扶桑绵粉蚧存在两个隐存谱系:((中国+印度+巴基斯坦)+美国加州)支系和美国佛罗里达支系;其中安徽及江苏种群应与入侵印度及巴基斯坦的支系为同一遗传支系。该研究结果可为探寻我国扶桑绵粉蚧的遗传进化和可能入侵途径提供参考。