生物乙醇木质素-PAE改性大豆蛋白胶黏剂合成工艺研究

将生物乙醇木质素与自合成的聚酰胺多胺环氧氯丙烷(PAE)树脂进行接枝共聚改性大豆蛋白,制备环保型胶合板用胶黏剂,并通过单因素试验确定了木质素种类、木质素与PAE质量比、木质素与PAE树脂反应时间、大豆蛋白添加量等工艺条件对大豆蛋白胶黏剂胶合强度的影响。结果表明:当选用生物乙醇木质素与PAE进行接枝共聚、木质素与PAE质量配比为1∶4、反应时间为30 min、大豆蛋白添加量为50%(以木质素-PAE总质量而言)时,制得的三层胶合板湿胶合强度(1.03 MPa)可达到GB/T 9846—2015Ι类杨木胶合板的指标要求。     

小麦茎秆强度关联位点及优异等位变异分析

为发掘与小麦茎秆强度紧密关联标记位点的优异等位变异和携带优异等位变异的载体资源,本研究以126份小麦种质为材料,基于混合线性模型（mixed linear model,MLM）对2011-2012、2012-2013和2013-2014三个年度的茎秆强度进行标记位点关联分析,并对关联住点等位变异的表型效应进行分析。结果表明,wmc83(2B)、gwm539(2D)、barc358(5A)、barc59(5B)和barc134(6B)均与茎秆强度显著关联,且可在3个环境下同时检测到,表型解释率均大于8%;共发掘出11种优异等位变异,分别为wmc83-A110、wmc83-A147、wmc83-A151、gwm539-A120、barc358-A179/161、barc358-A185/161、barc358-A185/179、barc358-A190/161、barc59-A182、barc59-A191和barc134-A194,其中wmc83-A110的增效效应最大。供试材料的茎秆强度随优异等位变异聚合数目的增多而增大,其中黄淮南片麦区、黄淮北片麦区、长江中下游麦区和西南麦区的供试材料中携带2（40.3%）、1（27.8%）、1（35.3%）和4（50.0%）种优异等位变异的分布频率最高。内麦10号等9份材料聚合4种及以上的优异等位变异,且茎秆强度较高,可作为相应麦区小麦茎秆强度遗传改良的种质资源。     

Compaction of virgin soil by mechanized agriculture in a semiarid environment

Soil compaction was assessed in terms of soil strength as measured with a penetrometer. Penetrometer resistance was measured on virgin soil and on the same soil after one and after five passes of a 7,610 kg tractor. Also, comparative studies were made of strength profiles of soils in arable fields and in adjacent areas of virgin soil. The strength of virgin soil was increased by wheel traffic and agricultural operations in all cases. The increase in soil strength was significant down to 0.3 m, which is considerably greater than the normal depth of tillage in the area (0.05 m). Reduction in the coefficient of variation of penetrometer strengths after the passage of wheels was taken as evidence for associated losses of soil structure. Virgin soils provide important reference sites for assessing the impact of agriculture in an area.     

脲醛树脂中面粉填充量对胶合板性能的影响

在脲醛树脂合成过程中经过适当脱水,加入三聚氰胺;在调胶时加入面粉等作为填充剂来减少脲醛树脂的实际使用量,最终达到降低胶合板甲醛释放量的目的.在调胶时,加入一定量的纳米SiO2、API胶粘剂,可保证胶合强度满足国标要求.     

木材液化及其在聚氨酯胶黏剂上的应用研究

通过考察木粉在催化剂存在下的加溶剂液化,确定了木粉液化的最佳工艺条件,即:温度160℃,m(苯酚)∶m(木粉)为5∶1,催化剂用量1.2 mmol/g,反应时间60min,残渣率降至3.5%.并发现随着反应时间的延长,液化物出现再凝聚的残渣.利用液化产物制备了聚氨酯胶黏剂,拉伸剪切强度达5 MPa,达到应用要求,为今后的工业化生产提供了依据.     

基于基尔霍夫射线模型法的高白鲑目标强度研究

为了实现用目标强度对新疆维吾尔自治区赛里木湖高白鲑Coregonus peled的资源量进行评估,于2017年6月和2018年7月从赛里木湖全湖水域的定置网中共采集19尾高白鲑作为样本,使用基尔霍夫射线模型在常用渔业声学调查频率70、120、200 kHz下进行了高白鲑目标强度的测定,并根据姿态倾角概率密度分布,建立了...     

环氧树脂/木质碎料复合材料力学性能

以环氧树脂为胶结材料、不同类型的砂和木质碎料作为集料,利用平板振捣器,采用振实法制备了树脂基木质碎料复合材料.分析环氧树脂用量、木质碎料用量以及砂类型对树脂基木质碎料复合材料的抗折、抗压强度的影响规律.结果表明:试件的最大抗压、抗折强度分别可达5.74和17.16 MPa;在相同胶集比下,试件强度随着木质碎料掺入量的增...     

Long‐term selection using a single trait criterion,non‐destructive deformation,in White Leghorns: Effect over time on genetic parameters for traits related to egg production

Although non‐destructive deformation is relevant for assessing eggshell strength, few long‐term selection experiments are documented which use non‐destructive deformation as a selection criterion. This study used restricted maximum likelihood‐based methods with a four‐trait animal model to analyze the effect of non‐destructive deformation on egg production, egg weight and sexual maturity in a two‐way selection experiment involving 17 generations of White Leghorns. In the strong shell line, corresponding to the line selected for low non‐destructive deformation values, the heritability estimates were 0.496 for non‐destructive deformation, 0.253 for egg production, 0.660 for egg weight and 0.446 for sexual maturity. In the weak shell line, corresponding to the line selected for high non‐destructive deformation values, the heritabilities were 0.372, 0.162, 0.703 and 0.404, respectively. An asymmetric response to selection was observed for non‐destructive deformation, egg production and sexual maturity, whereas egg weight decreased for both lines. Using non‐destructive deformation to select for stronger eggshell had a small negative effect on egg production and sexual maturity, suggesting the need for breeding programs to balance selection between eggshell traits and egg production traits. However, the analysis of the genetic correlation between non‐destructive deformation and egg weight revealed that large eggs are not associated with poor eggshell quality.     

尾叶桉单板胶合性能的初步研究

根据尾叶桉(E.urophylla)木材的特点,采用单因素试验方法,探讨了尾叶桉生产胶合板的可行性。重点讨论了胶合板的热压工艺(热压压力、热压时间、热压温度)和涂胶量以及心边材对三层胶合板胶合性能的影响。结果表明:在未采用厚度规时,压力为1．2MPa,温度为140℃左右,热压时间为0．8～1．1min／mm,涂胶量为250g／m2,用pH值为 12．5的PF胶,生产出的桉树胶合板胶合性能较佳。     

多软弱夹层坝基高重力坝深层抗滑稳定与加固措施研究

抗滑稳定分析是多软弱夹层高重力坝坝基设计工作中的关键内容.针对某一高重力坝工程,采用刚体极限平衡三滑面法与有限元强度折减法相结合的研究手段,开展了抗滑稳定计算分析,并确定了适宜的泥化夹层坝基处理措施.研究结果表明,刚体极限平衡三滑面法与双滑面法相比,抗滑稳定结果更为准确、合理,更适合用于软弱夹层坝基的重力坝深层抗滑稳定...