淀粉/丙烯酸盐/钠基膨润土高吸水树脂的制备研究

[目的]改善吸水树脂的综合性能,降低产品的生产成本。[方法]以淀粉、丙烯酸和钠基膨润土为主要原料,过硫酸铵为引发剂,N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,采用水溶液法制备出高吸水树脂;通过单因素试验研究反应丙烯酸/淀粉比值、丙烯酸中和度、反应温度以及膨润土的添加量对高吸水树脂吸水性能的影响。[结果]最佳聚合反应条件为：丙烯酸和淀粉比为4∶1,丙烯酸的中和度为80%,交联剂用量0.05%,引发剂用量0.45%,反应温度60℃,膨润土用量7%。在此最佳条件下,树脂的吸水倍率达585 g/g。红外光谱和扫描电镜分析表明,膨润土与淀粉丙烯酸等单体复合得很好。[结论]膨润土的加入,不仅改善了高吸水性树脂的性能,而且也大大降低了制备成本。     

麦秸秆纤维素接枝丙烯酸制备高吸水性树脂的研究

以小麦秸秆为原料,经预处理得纤维素后,以N,N＇-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,过硫酸钾为引发剂,采用水溶液聚合法制备了纤维素接枝丙烯酸的高吸水性树脂,探讨了引发剂用量、交联剂用量、单体丙烯酸用量、丙烯酸中和度等因素对吸水率的影响。最佳条件下制得的树脂不仅吸水量大,而且还具有吸水速率快的特性。     

Hydrophilic modification of PET fabric via continuous photografting of acrylic acid (AA) and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)

Poly(acrylic acid) and poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) were introduced onto PET fabrics by UV-induced photografting to improve its hydrophilicity. Several factors affecting the photografting were studied including irradiation energy, monomer, and photoinitiator (PI) concentrations. ATR and ESCA analyses proved successful grafting of the two monomers onto PET. Morphology of fabric surface was examined using FE-SEM. Both zeta potential and water wetting time of the grafted PET fabrics decreased with increasing grafting yield. Also cationic dyeability of the grafted PET fabrics increased because of the increased electrostatic interactions between the anionic dyeing sites and cationic dyes.     

Synthesis and physical properties of pH-sensitive semi-IPN hydrogels based on poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate-co-PEG dimethacrylate) and poly(acrylic acid)

Hydrogels of semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (semi-IPNs) were prepared by two step reactions. Dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAM) and poly(ethylene glycol)-dimethacrylate (PEGDM) were copolymerized to yield hydrogels, and then acrylic acid (AA) monomer were adsorbed in the hydrogels followed by polymerization of AA to produce semi-IPNs. The swelling behavior of semi-IPNs depends largely on pH of medium, showing that the degree of swelling of the semi-IPNs exhibits a minimum at pH 6.0. It is observed that the elastic modulus of semi-IPNs is closely related to its swelling behavior.     

淀粉制取高吸水树脂的研究

[目的]优化淀粉制取高吸水树脂的工艺条件。[方法]以过硫酸铵为引发剂,N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,采用溶液聚合法合成了淀粉接枝丙烯酸类高吸水性树脂,并研究了糊化温度、聚合反应时间、丙稀酸单体中和度等因素对接枝产物吸水性能的影响,比较了树脂吸自来水、蒸馏水和盐水情况。[结果]用淀粉制备高吸水树脂的最佳工艺条件为:淀粉/丙烯酸=1/15,淀粉/水=1/30,淀粉/引发剂=40/1,交联剂的质量为淀粉质量的0.6%,丙烯酸的最佳中和度为70%,淀粉的最佳糊化温度为90℃,最佳聚合反应时间为3 h。在以上条件下合成的产品的吸水率达到115 g/g。[结论]该研究为研制淀粉与丙烯酸接枝共聚制备高吸水性树脂的最佳工艺提供科学依据。