披碱草和野大麦杂种F1与BC1F1代的生物学及农艺特性研究

对披碱草和野大麦及其杂种F1与BC1F1代的生物学及农艺特性进行了分析比较。结果表明,亲本野大麦生长发育节律较快,较早地开花结实,果后营养期较长,生育期74d,生长天数达206d,具有很强的分蘖能力;披碱草生长发育节律较慢,生育期124d,生长天数193d;杂种F1的生长天数介于双亲之间,生长动态偏向亲本披碱草,分蘖能力介于双亲之间;BC1F1代生长发育节律较F1代提早,不同株系生长天数不同,生长动态偏向轮回亲本野大麦,分蘖能力有较大的变异。杂种F1代表现出较强的杂种优势,BC1F1代产草量较F1代有所降低,不同株系间存在明显的差异。总体上,BC1F1代的生产性能倾向于轮回亲本野大麦。     

传染性法氏囊病疫苗免疫母鸡后子代雏鸡外周血液的B细胞和免疫球蛋白含量变化

应用免疫SPA菌体花环法和间接ELISE法对传染性法氏囊病（IBD）疫苗免疫母鸡后，其子代雏鸡外周血液B细胞数量和IgG、IgM、IgA含量进行了动态研究。结果发现：IBD疫苗免疫后，其子代雏鸡外周血液B细胞数量和IgG、IgM、IgA含量均不同程度地高于未免疫的相应对照雏鸡，表明IBD疫苗免疫母鸡后，其子代雏鸡外周血液的体液免疫功能明显增强。而传染性法氏囊病超强毒株攻击子代雏鸡后，未免疫子代雏鸡外周血液的上述各项指标均明显低于疫苗免疫的子代雏鸡，这与IBDV感染雏鸡后，其体液免疫中枢器官法氏囊严重损害，淋巴细胞变性坏死等有关，也是导致感染雏鸡免疫抑制的基础。     

美国褐牛杂交改良新疆褐牛效果的研究

[目的]旨在为研究美国褐牛对新疆褐牛杂交改良的效果。[方法]选取伊犁新褐种牛场纯种新疆褐牛母牛30头作为对照组、美新 F1代母牛30头作为试验组,跟踪测定两组0~36月生长发育性能指标,进行体重、体尺对比分析,计算体尺指数,构建体重、体尺生长曲线,分析体重、体尺相对增长曲线。[结果]表明：美新 F1代母牛在18~36月龄体高、体长、胸围和体重等指标极显著高于新疆褐牛母牛（P 〈0.01）;新疆褐牛、美新 F1代母牛6~36月龄体重体尺整体呈现快速增长趋势,且美新 F1代母牛各项指标总体上均高于新疆褐牛母牛;新疆褐牛、美新 F1代母牛在12月龄之前体重、体尺增加速度均较快,12月龄之后增加速度均减慢。[结论]表明两组牛早期生长强度明显高于后期,体重的增加速度和强度一直高于体尺,且美新 F1代母牛6~24月龄体尺指标相对增长值要高于新疆褐牛母牛。     

兴国红鲤和散鳞镜鲤杂种优势的RAPD分析

运用随机扩增多态ＤＮＡ方法对兴国红鲤,苏联镜鲤,德国镜锂及它们的杂交后代进行遗传分析。结果表明：兴国红鲤与苏联镜锂的杂交子一代接受双亲的遗传物质是相等的,而兴国红鲤与德国镜鲤的杂交子一代接受父本的遗传物质稍多一次。计算了两组杂交子一代的多态性位点比例和平均杂合度,兴国红鲤和苏联镜锂杂种一代的多态性位点比例为０．３６８４,平均杂合度０．１４８７;兴国红鲤与德国镜鲤杂种一代的多态性位点比例为０．３７３     

带分流叶片的离心泵叶轮三维贴体网格生成

采用泊松方程进行带分流叶片的离心泵叶轮内三维贴体网格的自动生成 ,并通过源项控制来满足网格的正交性及调整网格疏密。计算时根据边界处网格线正交的控制角和控制距离的几何约束确定边界条件 ,利用分块粘接技术生成了带分流叶片离心泵叶轮内的三维分块结构化贴体网格 ,从而提高了流场流动分析中前处理环节的效率和精度 ,能使在湍流计算中广泛应用的壁面函数法的条件容易满足 ,并能使普遍采用的压力第二边界条件直接用于计算中 ,还能满足差分要求 ,减小离散误差。     

苏北湖区户用风光互补发电系统的设计与试验分析

离网型风光互补发电系统是解决湖区电力供应短缺问题的新选择.以金湖县宝应湖为应用背景,对风光互补发电系统进行设计和试验分析,为该系统在此地区的推广提供技术依据.     

不同世代玉米自交系产量配合力研究

将5个不同世代38个姊妹系和4个测验种,按NCⅡ设计组配152个杂交组合,对群体选系各世代产量配合力和遗传变异规律进行研究。结果表明:随着世代的增加,姊妹系配合力呈先增加后下降的趋势,即随着自交选择的进行产量配合力逐渐升高,S4代达到最高值,S5代开始下降。S2～S4代是产量配合力严重分离的世代,S3、S4代姊妹系间产量配合力变异大,范围宽,分离重组出高配合力选系的比率高于其它世代,是配合力测定的最佳时期。     

Induction of Systemic Resistance in Cucumber against Several Diseases by Plant Growth-promoting Fungi: lignification and Superoxide Generation

Five fungal isolates (Trichoderma, Fusarium, Penicillium, Phoma and a sterile fungus) from zoysiagrass rhizosphere that promote plant growth were tested for their ability to induce systemic resistance in cucumber plants against Colletotrichum orbiculare. Roots of cucumber plants were treated with these fungal isolates using barley grain inocula (BGI), mycelial inocula (MI) or culture filtrate (CF). Most isolate/inoculum form combinations significantly reduced the disease except BGI of Trichoderma. These fungal isolates were also evaluated for induction of systemic resistance against bacterial angular leaf spot and Fusarium wilt by treatment with BGI. Penicillium, Phoma and the sterile fungus significantly reduced the disease incidence of bacterial angular leaf spot. Phoma and sterile fungus protected plants significantly against Fusarium wilt. Roots treated with CFs of these fungal isolates induced lignification at Colletotrichum penetration points indicating the presence of an elicitor in the CFs. The elicitor activity of CFs was evaluated by the chemiluminescence assay using tobacco callus and cucumber fruit disks. The CFs of all isolates elicited conspicuous superoxide generation. The chemiluminescence activity of the CF of Penicillium was extremely high, and its intensity was almost 100-fold higher than that of other isolates. The chemiluminescence activity was not lost following treatment with protease or autoclaving or after removal of lipid. The MW 12,000 dialyzed CF fraction was highly effective in eliciting chemiluminescence activity. Chemiluminescence emission from cucumber fruit disks treated with Penicillium was the same as that obtained from tobacco callus, except that the lipid fraction also showed a high activity. Both the MW 12,000 fraction and the lipid fraction induced lignification in the epidermal tissues of cucumber hypocotyls.     

Early Generation Selection for Grain Yield in Narrow-Leaf Lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.)

Experiments were conducted with early segregating generations of a selected narrow-leaf lupin cross to determine the effectiveness of selection for yield based on alternative criteria. F2 plants were selected on the basis of seed yield and several other yield-related characters to generate separate F3 populations. Randomly selected plants from each population were grown over the summer (off-season) in a glasshouse to generate F4 populations. Analyses of relationships between F2 plant measurements and F3 progeny mean yields revealed significant correlations only for those characters with the highest heritabilities - flowering time, 100 seed weight and harvest index. However, selection for the earliest flowering F2 plants followed by selection within this group of plants with the highest number of pod bearing branches would result in the greatest increase in F3 mean yield. The F2-derived F4 populations with the highest seed yields were those obtained by selection for total plant dry weight, number of pod bearing branches and number of pods per plant. Improvement in commercial crop yield should therefore be obtained through selection in early generations for those characters contributing to the greatest number of pods per unit area. A scheme involving selection for early flowering and high number of pod bearing branches in the F2 combined with replicated yield tests in the F4 is proposed.     

Application of Line Thinnings in Practice

The discussion covers the need to change our present system of harvesting pine timber thinnings in order to increase productivity. It points out that this productivity increase can only be achieved through technical innovation and by the introduction of machinery suited to do the job. The machinery and work methods call for a type of neutral thinning in conjunction with a selective thinning or followed by a selective thinning. The advantages of this type of thinning, as practised in this country, are illustrated.