鸡传染性贫血病毒VP1、VP2基因的表达及免疫原性研究

为探索鸡传染性贫血重组蛋白亚单位疫苗的可行性,将鸡传染性贫血病毒基因分别克隆到转移载体p Fast Bac HTA中,再将其分别转化DH10Bac感受态细胞得到相应的重组表达载体,转染昆虫细胞Sf21获得含有VP1、VP2基因的重组杆状病毒v Bac-VP1、v Bac-VP2,应用悬浮培养的Sf21细胞表达重组蛋白。SDS-PAGE及Western blotting结果证明,VP1、VP2基因在昆虫细胞中得到了表达,动物试验进一步证实,重组蛋白免疫SPF鸡可产生ELISA抗体,提示杆状病毒表达的VP1、VP2具有良好的免疫原性。     

猪HSD11B1和MyoG基因多态性与妊娠期长短的关系

选择HSD11B1和MyoG2个基因作为影响妊娠期长短的候选基因。在7个中外猪群体中采用PCR-RFLP技术研究了HSD11B1和MyoG2个基因多态性与妊娠期长短的关系。HSD11B1基因的PCR-Bsh1236Ⅰ-RFLP分析结果表明：清平猪、新清平猪母系、大白猪、长白猪、杜洛克猪、中国瘦肉猪新品系DIV1和DIV2系猪群中A等位基因的频率分别为0.538、0.752、0.522、0.941、1.000、0.889和0.594;除DIV2外,HSD11B1不同基因型与妊娠期长短无显著关系（P〉0.05）。MyoG基因的PCR-MspⅠ-RFLP分析结果表明：清平猪、新清平猪母系、大白猪、长白猪、杜洛克猪、中国瘦肉猪新品系DIV1和DIV2系猪群中M等位基因的频率分别为1.000、0.534、0.370、0.115、0.094、0.382和0.243;清平猪中只存在MM基因型,其他群体中3种基因型皆有分布;新清平猪母系MM比NN基因型母猪妊娠期要短,且在经产长白猪中差异极显著（P〈0.01）。     

基因2型牛病毒性腹泻病毒RT-PCR检测方法的建立和初步应用

根据已发表的牛病毒性腹泻病毒基因1型(BVDV-1)和2型(BVDV-2)5非编码区(5-UTR)的序列,分别设计了针对BVDV-1型、BVDV-2型以及针对BVDV-1和BVDV-2两型的特异性引物和通用引物,以标准参考株BVDV-1 NADL株和BVDV-2890 株为对照,建立了分别能检测BVDV-1、BVDV-2和BVDV-1/BVDV-2的RT-PCR 检测方法.在此基础上,进一步对疑似BVDV-2感染牛的临床病料组织(脾、淋巴结、心肌、血液等)检测结果表明,在所检测的18份样品中,BVDV-2阳性8份(44%).经RT-PCR鉴定为阳性的组织病料,进一步通过MDBK 细胞进行病毒分离,病毒分离率为100%;结合感染细胞病变观察,间接免疫荧光试验RT-PCR和序列测定鉴定,所分离的病毒均为BVDV-2.上述研究表明,该RT-PCR检测方法敏感、特异;并证实我国牛群已存在BVDV-2的污染或感染.     

鲁梅克斯K-1杂交酸模在盐渍化土地适应性栽培效果分析

对临泽盐渍化土地栽培的鲁梅克斯K－1杂交酸模，进行了植物学特征、耐盐碱、抗寒性、营养价值，根系及土壤含盐量等性状的分析，发现鲁梅克斯K－1杂交酸模在含盐量1．15％土壤环境生长良好，其根组织能耐盐碱，且0－5cm土层含盐量可下降37．05％－50．58％，年可收获优质干草12．4t/hm^2，开发利用潜力巨大。     

禽呼肠孤病毒C-98分离株L1基因的克隆与序列分析

参考禽呼肠孤病毒S1133株（GenBank）L1基因序列设计3对特异性引物,采用RT-PCR方法对禽呼肠孤病毒内蒙古分离株C-98的L1基因进行了克隆和序列测定。结果表明：获得的C-98 L1基因全长3959 bp,其中包括21 bp的5’非编码区和56 bp的3’非编码区,阅读框位于5’端第22位核苷酸与3’端第3903位核苷酸之间。将C-98株与国内外禽呼肠孤病毒群和哺乳动物呼肠孤病毒群的不同分离株进行序列比较,结果显示：C-98与台湾地区分离株919和美国分离株1733、2408、S1133亲缘关系最近,其核苷酸同源性分别为99.8%、99.7%、99.7%、99.4%;与哺乳动物呼肠孤病毒L3基因核苷酸及其编码的氨基酸同源性较低,为43%～45%。     

Obituaries

Uittreksel

Die groeifunksies benodig vir die simulasie van produksie van ‘n Themeda triandra‐grasveld met behulp van die PUTU 11 simulasiemodel is ontwikkel. Vir die ontwikkeling van die model is die veldproduksiedata van die 1980/81 groeiseisoen gebruik waarna dit suksesvol, vir drie groeiseisoene met uiteenlopende klimaatstoestande, getoets is. In die model is koolhidraatverdeling tussen verskillende plantdele gesimuleer deur van verskillende funksies vir elke groeistadium gebruik te maak. Die hipotese is gestel dat die verskillende plantdele na ‘ n gewenste massaverhouding tot die totale plantmassa streef deur die translokasie van koolhidrate. ‘n Beperkte maksimum tempo van translokasie in en uit plantdele is gestel. Die werklike translokasietempo verander sigmoidaal met die relatiewe massaverhoudingafwyking.     

利用SUMO表达系统高效表达猪O型口蹄疫病毒VP0、VP1、VP3基因

根据GenBank中公布的猪O型口蹄疫病毒(foot and mouth disease virus,FMDV)全基因合成了FMDV结构蛋白前体蛋白P1基因,同时设计了扩增FMDV结构蛋白VP0、VP1和VP3基因的引物。以P1基因为模板,分别经PCR扩增获得FMDV VP0、VP1和VP3基因。扩增产物克隆于Blunt载体中,酶切后将目的片段连接到原核表达载体SUMO中,构建重组表达质粒SUMO-VP0、SUMO-VP1和SUMO-VP3,将重组质粒转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)plysS进行诱导表达。经SDS-PAGE电泳可见融合蛋白均获得高效表达,融合蛋白表观分子质量分别约为55、48和40 ku。在IPTG浓度为1.0 mmol/L,温度为37 ℃,诱导5 h时融合蛋白表达量最大。Western blotting结果表明,融合蛋白均可被FMDV阳性血清识别,反应原性良好。     

Freezing mouse blastocysts

Summary

A good survival rate in culturing mouse blastocysts can be obtained in Ovum Culture Medium, enriched with 20 per cent inactivated Foetal Bovine Serum or Sheep Serum under air. The transfer of fresh blastocysts gives the best results if the recipients are on day 3 of the pseudo‐pregnancy, but with 20 hours’ cultured blastocysts it is better to use recipients on day 4.

Exposure to 1.5 M DMSO has no harmful effect, provided that the DMSO is added at 5° C in 6 steps and is removed, again in 6 steps, at 35° C. The crystallization of the medium containing the embryos at ‐5° C to ‐6° C doet not appear te have a harmful influence on culture results of the blastocysts.     

鲁梅克斯K-1杂交酸模和干玉米秸混合青贮料喂牛试验

８头４～５岁的役用秦川母牛按配对原则分为对照组和试验组。两组牛的精料配方基本相同，但试验组牛饲粮用７．７５％的鲁梅克斯Ｋ－１杂交酸模粉（以下简称鲁梅克斯Ｋ－１）代替对照组中同等重量的小麦麸；对照组牛的粗料全部用干玉米秸，试验组半用６０％干玉米秸和４０％的玉米秸＋鲁梅克斯叶混合青贮料。正试期２０ｄ。结果表明：试验组牛的平均日增重为 ０．７８７ｋｇ，对照组０．６９０ｋｇ，试验组较对照组牛日增重提高了 １４．０６％；每增重 １ｋｇ活重试验组牛消耗精、粗料分别为２．５４ｋｇ、５．２５ｋｇ，对照组半分别为２．９０ｋｇ、５．５０ｋｇ，试验组较对照组个节约精料０．３６ｋｇ、粗料０．２５ｋｇ；试验组每头牛毛盈利为７３．３４元，对照组５９．４０元，前者比后者提高经济效益２３．４７％。说明在役用母牛饲粮中，用鲁梅克斯粉代替精料中的小麦麸并用玉米秸＋鲁梅克斯混合青贮料能获得良好的生产性能和经济效益。     

Effect of intake of linoleic acid and α‐linolenic acid levels on conversion into long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in backfat and in intramuscular fat of growing pigs

A study was conducted to determine the effect of two levels of linoleic acid (LA) intake at either high or low α‐linolenic acid (ALA) intake on their conversion and subsequent deposition into long‐chain (20–22 C‐atoms) polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC PUFA) in muscle and backfat in growing pigs. In a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, 32 gilts from 8 litters were assigned to one of four dietary treatments, varying in LA and ALA intakes. Low ALA and LA intakes were 0.15 and 1.31 g/(kg BW^0.75/day), respectively, and high ALA and LA intakes were 1.48 and 2.65 g/(kg BW^0.75/day) respectively. There was a close positive relation between intake of ALA and the concentration of ALA in backfat and in intramuscular fat. Dietary ALA did not affect the concentration of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), but increased docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) in backfat. High ALA intake did not significantly affect DHA but significantly increased EPA, 20:3 n‐3 and DPA concentrations in intramuscular fat. The n‐3 LC PUFA proportion in backfat was increased from approximately 1–3%, which may be useful to enrich meat with these fatty acids. The effect of ALA intake on n‐3 LC PUFA was suppressed by LA intake. Dietary ALA suppressed the concentration of n‐6 LC PUFA in blood plasma by more than 50%. When compared at equal incremental dose, the inhibiting effect of ALA on blood arachidonic acid was stronger than the stimulating effect of LA as precursor.