茶叶提取物对小肠Caco-2细胞糖吸收的抑制作用

利用水提法制备绿茶、乌龙茶、红茶、青砖茶和普洱茶提取物,研究5种提取物对体外小肠Caco-2细胞吸收葡萄糖的抑制效果。结果表明:在相同质量浓度(0.5mg/mL)条件下,5种茶叶提取物均能抑制Caco-2细胞吸收葡萄糖的活性,抑制能力大小依次为绿茶!乌龙茶!红茶!青砖茶!普洱茶;与对照相比,绿茶、乌龙茶、红茶和青砖茶提取物极显著抑制葡萄糖的吸收,但普洱茶提取物的抑制效果并未达到显著水平(P>0.05)。茶叶提取物抑制小肠Caco-2细胞吸收葡萄糖的能力可能与加工过程中儿茶素的转化有关。     

葡萄糖氧化酶的应用进展

葡萄糖氧化酶是需氧脱氢酶,易溶于水,不溶于有机溶剂,主要与过氧化氢共同作用催化葡萄糖产生葡萄糖酸,同时消耗氧。工业生产多从黑曲霉中提取,无毒、无害,具有去除葡萄糖、脱氧、杀菌等功能,广泛应用于食品、饲料、医药、检测试纸和生物传感器等方面。本文综述了葡萄糖氧化酶的研究及其应用进展。     

一种长效土霉素注射液的安全性试验

为了解长效土霉素注射液的安全性,对小白鼠和家兔分别进行急性毒性试验和股四头肌刺激试验。结果表明,长效土霉素注射液的肌肉注射LD50是594.58mg/kg,为低毒;对家兔的股四头肌有局部刺激性。     

白花泡桐尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶mRNA全序列克隆及序列分析

尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶(UDP-Glucose Pyrophosphorylase UGPase)是白花泡桐(Paulownia fortunei (Seem.)Hemsl.)纤维素特异途径的关键酶.在经过对其他物种UGP mRNA序列的对比分析后,设计保守区简并引物,首先用RT-PCR方法得到413 bp UGP mRNA部分序列,之后通过RACE方法,成功克隆得到包括5'UTR和3'UTR在内的UGP全部mRNA序列,并进行了分析,所得UGP mRNA全序列共1 694个碱基,CDS共1 428个碱基(112-1539),编码氨基酸475,和其他多个物种的UGP序列比对结果显示相似度均在80％以上.     

门冬胰岛素30注射液强化治疗Ⅱ型糖尿病的临床观察

目的观察门冬胰岛素30（诺和锐30）注射液强化治疗Ⅱ型糖尿病的效果.方法Ⅱ型糖尿病患者86例,给予生活方式干预,包括健康教育,低热量、低脂肪饮食,中等体力活动,戒烟、限酒,血压高者给予降压等,血脂异常者给予调脂.治疗组给予诺和锐30注射液3餐前皮注（根据血糖监测结果调整胰岛素剂量）,对照组给予诺和灵30R笔芯,早、晚餐前30 min皮注.观察6个月,观察治疗前后患者的FBG、2hPBG、HbA1c及低血糖发生率的变化.结果Ⅱ型糖尿病患者用诺和锐30强化治疗后,FBG、2hPBG、HbA1c等指标均好于对照组,低血糖发生率较对照组减少,P〈0.01,经比较有统计学意义.结论对Ⅱ型糖尿病患者应用诺和锐30强化治疗,血糖平稳,低血糖发生率减低,疗效肯定.     

凡纳滨对虾的游泳能力及游泳疲劳后的生理反应

在水温(24.8±0.3)℃条件下,测定了凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)的l临界游速(Ucrit)、弹跳速度、不同流速下的可持续游泳时间,以及游泳疲劳后的生理反应.实验凡纳滨对虾体长(6.87±0.42)cm,体质量(3.34±0.59)g;5个水流速度分别设定为(26.7±2.9)cm·s-1、(31.0±3.6)cm·s-1、(34.6±3.7)cm·s-1、(38.6±3.3)cm·s-1、(4018±3.4)cm·s-1.结果表明,凡纳滨对虾游泳足的摆动频率与流速呈线性甬数关系,可持续游泳时间与流速呈对数函数关系.其游泳能力指数SAI(Swimming.Ability Index)为16.49cm,平均临界游速为(35.67±0.62)cm·s-1[(5.02±0.09)BL·s-1],平均弹跳速度为(106.51±6.08)cm·s-1[(15.74±0.96)BL·s-1].不同流速下游泳疲劳后,凡纳滨对虾血糖和血浆乳酸浓度均显著高于对照组(P＜0.05);在26.7 cm·s-1、31.0 cm·s-1和34.6 cm·s-1流速下游泳疲劳后,血浆甘油三酯浓度均极显著高于对照组(P＜0.01、);在26.7 cm·s-1、34.6 cm·s-1和38.6 cm·s-1流速下游泳疲劳后,血浆总蛋白浓度均显著高于对照组(P＜0.05).经临界游速和弹跳速度测试疲劳后,血糖和血浆乳酸浓度也均显著升高(P＜0.05),而血浆甘油三酯和总蛋白浓度则无显著变化(P＞0.05).本研究旨在深入了解对虾运动生理学特性,并为对虾捕捞和增养殖技术的改良提供参考依据.     

HPLC法测定普鲁卡因青霉素注射液的鉴别和含量

建立了普鲁卡因青霉素注射液鉴别和含量测定的HPLC方法。样品经HPLC分离后进行定性鉴别和含量测定。结果显示供试品溶液主峰的保留时间与对照品溶液主峰的保留时间一致,普鲁卡因的线性范围为0.432-0.648 mg/mL,青霉素的线性范围为0.64-0.96 mg/mL,普鲁卡因和青霉素的添加回收率分别为101.35%和100.11%。该方法结果准确度高、精密度好,可作为质量标准控制方法。     

20%恩诺沙星注射液的制备及稳定性研究

【目的】用葡甲胺、聚乙二醇400作为助溶剂制备较低pH值的20%恩诺沙星注射液,并考察其稳定性,为临床应用提供理论依据。【方法】用正交试验L9(33)筛选最佳溶剂条件,按制剂通则试制备20%恩诺沙星注射液,用HPLC法测定恩诺沙星含量,并通过温度加速试验、光加速试验及长期放置试验考察其稳定性。【结果】确定恩诺沙星注射液的配制处方为:恩诺沙星100g,聚乙二醇400为100mL,葡甲胺100g,20%氢氧化钠溶液适量(调节pH 9.5~10.5),注射用水加至500mL。稳定性试验结果表明,20%恩诺沙星注射液试制品外观均为淡黄色,澄清,pH值9.5~10.5,含量98.0%~102.0%,均符合2010年版兽药典规定,产品质量稳定可控,有效期可暂定为2年。【结论】20%恩诺沙星注射液处方设计合理,制备工艺可控,质量稳定可靠。     

江苏省菜籽饼粕的抗营养因子含量分析

收集华东省市当家的甘蓝型、白菜和芥菜型油菜籽品种２０个，经１０５℃３０分钟处理，小型６２机冷榨取饼，测定ＯＺＴ．ＩＴＣ，得出甘蓝型高硫葡萄糖苷品种在饼中的总苷量最高９．３６ｍｇ／ｇ，比苷蓝型低硫葡萄糖苷品种含总苷２．９５ｍｇ／Ｇ高出２倍。白菜型平均总苷３．１３ｍｇ／ｇ；芥菜型含３．５６ｍｇ／ｇ。以淮油６号、秦油２号菜籽作破碎或干热与否的前处理比较，总苷量以未破碎、未干热的菜饼最高，分别含９．８２ｍｇ／ｇ、１０．６４ｍｇ／ｇ；破碎又干热的菜饼总苷最低，分别为８．６９、７．０１ｍｇ／ｇ。以宁油７号品种为例用６２型冷榨总苷最高为１０．７７ｍｇ／ｇ，９５型其次５．１４ｍｇ／ｇ，２００型最低２．５５ｍｇ／ｇ。采集本省各地大、中、小型油厂、油坊的菜饼粕２１个样，２００型菜粕总苷为２．８ｍｇ／ｇｃｖ４５％，９５型３．３９ｍｇ／ｇ，ｃｖ３９．６％。２００型与９５型在加工过程中产生游离总苷量接近，分别为０．３８和０．４１ｍｇ／ｇ。由芥子酶或酶水解产生的腈类化合物以２００型的菜粕中含量高，平均含１３１８ｍｇ／ｋｇ，ｃｖ７９．７％；９５型含３１８ｍｇ／ｇｃｖ１３２％，其中３６％样本未检出腈量。菜饼粕单宁平均含０．８２％；植酸平均?     

Effects of Glucose Addition on N Transformations in Paddy Soils with a Gradient of Organic C Content in Subtropical China

To better understand the interaction of N transformation and exogenous C source and manage N fertilization, the effects of glucose addition on N transformation were determined in paddy soils with a gradient of soil organic C content. Changes in N mineralization, nitrification and denitrification, as well as their response to glucose addition were measured by incubation experiments in paddy soils derived from Quaternary red clay in subtropical China. Mineralization and denitrification were changed in order of increasing soil fertilities： high 〉 middle 〉 low. During the first week of incubation, net N mineralization and denitrification rates in paddy soil with high fertility were 1.9 and 1.1 times of those in soil with middle fertility and 5.3 and 2.9 times of those in soil with low fertility, respectively. Addition of glucose decreased net N mineralization by approximately 78.8, 109.2 and 177.4% in soils with high, middle and low fertility, respectively. However, denitrification rates in soils with middle and low fertility were increased by 14.4 and 166.2% respectively. The highest nitrate content among the paddy soils tested was 0.62 mg kg-1 and the highest nitrification ratio was 0.33%. Addition of glucose had no obvious effects on nitrate content and nitrification ratio. It was suggested that the intensity of mineralization and denitrification was quite different in soils with different fertility, and increased with increasing soil organic C content. Addition of glucose decreased mineralization, but increased denitrification, and the shifts were greater in soil with low than in soil with high organic C content. Neither addition of glucose nor inherent soil organic C had obvious effects on nitrification in paddy soils tested.