Effects of Intragastric Lycopene on Oxidative Stress of Blood after Exercise SD Rats

The experiment was conducted to study the effects of intragastric lycopene on oxidative stress blood after exercise SD rats.Thirty two SD rats with similar weight(233.40 g±6.21 g) and good health for SPF were randomized into one control groups and three trial groups with 8 rats per group.The control group was gastric fed with edible oil,the trial Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ groups were gastric fed with edible oil intragastric with 10,20,40 mg/(kg·BW) lycopene,respectively.The pre-experiment period lasted for 10 d,and the experiment period lasted for 42 d.Swimming train six days a week and train six weeks,then that blood were collection for determination of oxidative stress after swimming train 11 hours SD rats.The results showed that lycopene concentration of plasma was increased at first and decreased subsequently,after 4 h lycopene concentration of plasma in SD rat was peak.With the increase of intragastric lycopene doses,glutathione peroxidase,total antioxidant enzyme activity and total antioxidant capacity of plasma showed a trend of rising; malondialdehyde content of plasma showed a trend of decrease with the increase of supplemental lycopene dose after exercise SD rats.Therefore,the antioxidant capacity of blood after exercise SD rats and doses of intragastric lycopene were dose dependent,antioxidant capacity of blood after exercise SD rats showed a trend of rise with the increase of lycopene dose.     

丝胶蛋白对牛精液冷冻效果的影响

精液在冷冻保存过程中易受氧化应激的影响,从而导致精液品质下降,丝胶蛋白具有抗氧化能力,可抑制由自由基产生的脂质过氧化。为研究精液稀释液中添加丝胶蛋白对牛精液冷冻效果的影响,采集4头公牛精液,将其分成5等份,在Optidyl稀释液中添加不同浓度丝胶蛋白(0,0.25%,0.5%,1.0%,2.0%),精液稀释后冷冻保存,使用计算机辅助精子分析系统检测解冻后精子的活力及运动参数,低渗肿胀试验检测质膜完整率,考马斯亮蓝染色法检测顶体完整率,分光光度计检测精浆中的过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)、活性氧(ROS)和丙二醛(MDA)等氧化应激指标。结果表明：与对照组相比,稀释液中添加0.5%的丝胶蛋白可显著提高解冻后牛精子的活力、运动参数、顶体完整率、质膜完整率及SOD含量,并显著降低ROS和MDA水平(P<0.05)。这表明在Optidyl稀释液中添加0.5%的丝胶蛋白可保护牛精子免受氧化应激损伤,有效提高冷冻后精液品质。     

甘胆口服液对BRD犊牛血清急性期蛋白和氧化应激指标的影响

【目的】探讨甘胆口服液按推荐剂量用药对牛呼吸道疾病（bovine respiratory disease,BRD）的治疗效果及对血清急性期蛋白（acute phase protein,APP）浓度和氧化应激指标的影响,为其在牛临床上的推广应用提供依据。【方法】选择40头自然发病的BRD犊牛,随机分成2组,分别为受试药物组（甘胆口服液0.2 mL/kg）、对照药物组（麻杏石甘散0.75 g/kg）,并增加健康犊牛12头作为空白对照组,按推荐剂量1次/d,连用7 d,分别于试验第0,3,5,7天记录犊牛的一般临床症状,并依据BRD评分表进行打分;在试验第0,7天随机抽取各试验组犊牛12头颈静脉采血,测定血清APP（结合珠蛋白（HP）、淀粉样蛋白A（SAA）、C-反应蛋白（CRP））浓度和氧化应激指标（丙二醛（MDA）、还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、总抗氧化能力（T-AOC））水平。【结果】药物组试验犊牛第0天证候积分均≥5分,符合试验要求。用药第3,5,7天临床症状积分均不同程度降低（P<0.05）。在第5天时积分均<5分,第7天积分减少到最小值。麻杏石甘散组犊牛在第3天时的BRD治愈率高于甘胆口服液组（P>0.05）,但随着治疗时间的延长,甘胆口服液治愈率与麻杏石甘散相近,用药5 d后,两药物组治愈率均达到60%以上。BRD组犊牛第0天血清HP、SAA、MDA水平显著高于健康对照组（P<0.05）,GSH、T-AOC水平及SOD、CAT活性均不同程度低于健康对照组,但差异不显著（P>0.05）。经过药物治疗后,BRD组犊牛第7天血清HP、SAA、MDA水平显著下降,GSH水平和SOD活性显著上升（P<0.05）。【结论】甘胆口服液能明显改善BRD犊牛临床症状,有效缓解患BRD犊牛氧化应激状态,降低血清急性期蛋白水平。联合应用急性期蛋白和氧化应激指标可以对BRD犊牛进行早期诊断及疗效监测。     

干姜附子汤对大鼠心肌缺血-再灌注损伤的保护作用（英文）

[目的]观察干姜附子汤对大鼠心肌缺血-再灌注引起的氧化应激损伤的保护作用。[方法]采用在体结扎大鼠左冠状动脉前降支30 min,再灌注60 min的方法制备心肌缺血再灌注模型。观察干姜附子汤对心电图ST段、心肌梗死百分率、血清丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(S0D)活力等指标的影响。[结果]干姜附子汤能有效对抗大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤导致的心电图ST段抬高,缩小心肌梗死百分率、降低血清中MDA的含量、升高血清SOD的活性。[结论]干姜附子汤对大鼠心肌缺血-再灌注引起的氧化应激损伤有保护作用,其机制可能与减少心肌自由基的生成及增强心肌抗氧化能力有关。     

雌马酚对慢性睡眠干扰所致小鼠抑郁样行为的改善作用

为探究雌马酚对慢性睡眠干扰所致小鼠抑郁样行为的改善作用,根据体重将60只ICR雄性小鼠随机分为空白对照组、慢性睡眠干扰模型组、雌马酚低剂量组(10 mg·kg^-1)、雌马酚中剂量组(20 mg·kg^-1)和雌马酚高剂量组(40 mg·kg^-1)。睡眠干扰造模15 d后,依次进行空场实验、悬尾实验和强迫游泳实验3种动物行为学实验,对小鼠海马组织中的超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素-1β水平和小鼠血清中的皮质酮水平进行测定。结果显示：雌马酚给药组小鼠在悬尾和强迫游泳实验中的不动时间显著减少,海马组织中的SOD、CAT水平提高,海马组织中的IL-1β、TNF-α和血清中的皮质酮含量降低。该结果表明雌马酚可以显著改善慢性睡眠干扰所致的小鼠抑郁样行为,且该改善作用可能与雌马酚可提高小鼠抗氧化能力、下调脑内促炎因子水平、调节下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴功能有关。     

西番莲多糖提取物对猪圆环病毒2型感染RAW264.7细胞氧化应激的影响

为研究西番莲多糖提取物（Passiflora edulis polysaccharide extract，PEPE）对猪圆环病毒2型（Porcine circovirus type 2，PCV2）感染RAW264.7细胞氧化应激相关因子的影响，本试验探讨了PEPE对氧化应激的调节作用。在96孔细胞培养板中每孔加入100 μL浓度为1×10⁶个/mL的RAW264.7细胞，分别设细胞对照组、PEPE组（25、50、100、200、400、800和1 600 μg/mL），分别于培养箱培养24和48 h，用MTT法检测细胞活性，筛选PEPE的药物安全浓度范围。试验分为以下6个组：细胞对照组、病毒组、PEPE高（400 μg/mL）、中（200 μg/mL）、低（100 μg/mL）剂量组及维生素C组，其中细胞对照组加入含10% FBS的DMEM培养液，其余组加入PCV2病毒液，孵育2 h后在PEPE组加入对应浓度的PEPE溶液，VC组加入配制好的VC溶液，细胞对照组和病毒组加入含10% FBS的DMEM培养液，培养48 h，同样用MTT法检测细胞活性，以研究PEPE对PCV2感染RAW264.7细胞活性的影响。按照上述6个试验组分组，处理同上，将细胞培养12 h，收集样品用于检测氧化应激相关因子水平。用Griess法和DCFH-DA荧光探针分别检测RAW264.7细胞上清中NO含量和细胞内活性氧（ROS）水平、OPT荧光法检测细胞内还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）和氧化型谷胱甘肽（GSSG）含量，化学发光法检测细胞内黄嘌呤氧化酶（XOD）、髓过氧化物酶（MPO）和诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）活力。结果显示，PEPE对RAW264.7细胞的安全浓度范围为25~400 μg/mL。PCV2感染RAW264.7细胞后，细胞活性显著降低（P<0.05），而不同浓度PEPE处理组均能提高细胞活性。RAW264.7细胞被PCV2感染后，细胞分泌NO、ROS水平，GSSG含量及XOD、MPO和iNOS活性显著升高（P<0.05），感染细胞GSH含量显著降低（P<0.05）；PEPE作用于PCV2感染的RAW264.7细胞，显著降低感染细胞NO、ROS水平、GSSG含量及XOD、MPO和iNOS活性（P<0.05），100 μg/mL PEPE处理组细胞GSH水平显著升高（P<0.05）。本试验结果表明，PEPE能提高PCV2感染RAW264.7细胞的抗氧化能力，有利于缓解病毒感染所致氧化应激。     

铜对大鼠脑微血管内皮细胞的氧化应激损伤

选用浓度为30,60,120,180,240μmol/L的氯化铜(CuCl_2)作用于原代大鼠脑微血管内皮细胞(BMEC)12h,测定细胞活力、细胞内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)活性的变化。结果显示:与对照组相比,细胞活力明显降低,30μmol/L浓度组SOD的活性变化不明显,60μmol/L和120μmol/L浓度组SOD的活性升高,而180μmol/L和240μmol/L浓度组SOD的活性降低,CAT的活性均明显降低,iNOS的活性均明显升高。结果表明:铜过量可致BMEC损伤,而氧化应激是其中一个重要因素。     

Research on the Antioxident Function of Sulforaphane on the Leydig Cells of Cadmium Exposured Mice

The study was aimed to explore the antioxident function of sulforaphane (SFN) on the leydig cells of cadmium (Cd) exposured mice.Cd and SFN were added to the cell culture medium of TM3 cell, half inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of Cd and SFN safe dose range were determined.The tested model was set up,and the relative survival rate of TM3 cells, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and cell antioxidant levels were determined to study the antioxident function of SFN to cadmium exposured mice.The results showed that:①With the increase of Cd concentration,the relative survival rate of TM3 cells was decreased,and the IC₅₀ of Cd was 51.4 μmol/L;Within a certain concentration range,SFN could increased the cells survive rate,but there was toxicity when the SFN concentration was more than the scope,and the greater the concentration,the greater the toxicity. At experimental condition,SFN safety concentration were 2.5,5 and 10 μmol/L.②Compared with the control group,the GSH content,the T-SOD and GSH-Px activities in Cd group were significantly or extremely significantly decreased (P < 0.05;P < 0.01),and the LDH activity,the MDA content were increased.Additionally,the LDH activity and MDA content of SFN groups were decreased,while others three indexes were increased. Compared with Cd group,the GSH content,the T-SOD and GSH-Px activities of Cd+SFN groups were significantly or extremely significantly increased (P < 0.05;P < 0.01),however,the LDH activity,MDA content were decreased. The result indicated that SFN had the antagonism effect on toxicity of Cd in TM3 cell.     

NO对细胞凋亡的影响

NO对不同细胞的凋亡影响不同。NO诱导凋亡可通过氧化应激、干扰能量代谢、直接损害DNA、激活多聚ADP－核聚聚合酶或使胞液Ca^2 调节紊乱。另一方面，通过cGMP依赖途径，抑制细胞色素C释放、降低半胱天冬酶活性等，NO也可以抑制细胞凋亡。