玉米ZmPRR1-1基因启动子的克隆及序列分析

克隆玉米伪应答调控基因ZmPRR1-1启动子并对其序列进行分析,以期为深入研究ZmPRR1-1基因的调控机制及基因功能提供参考。以玉米黄早4的叶片为供试材料,参考已公布玉米自交系CML247基因组中ZmPRR1-1启动子的序列信息设计引物,克隆ZmPRR1-1基因的启动子,并利用生物信息学对启动子中的核心区域、顺式作用元件、转录因子结合位点和CpG岛进行预测分析。克隆得到长度约2 600 bp的ZmPRR1-1启动子,预测ZmPRR1-1启动子可能存在2个核心启动子区域,除了存在核心元件TATA-box和启动子增强元件CAAT-box外,还存在光响应、激素应答、胁迫响应等顺式作用元件。转录因子结合位点分析表明,ZmPRR1-1启动子区中预测包含ERF在内的6种转录因子家族,此外在启动子区域中预测存在4个符合限定条件的CpG岛区域。玉米ZmPRR1-1启动子区域存在丰富的顺式作用元件和转录因子结合位点,暗示ZmPRR1-1可能受到外界多种类型调控因子的调控并启动转录起始,且在多种调控网络中发挥功能。     

广西三个猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒GP5及NSP2基因的克隆与分析

本研究对从广西某猪场采集3份疑似感染猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)的病料进行RT-PCR鉴定、GP5基因及NSP2部分基因测序分析。结果显示,从3份病例样品中扩增得到PRRSV GP5全基因和NSP2部分基因片段,并对其进行测序分析,3株PRRSV毒株均与参考毒株JXA1存在高度的亲缘关系,与PRRSV美洲经典VR-2 332株不同,其NSP2蛋白不连续缺失30个氨基酸为HP-PRRSV毒株的典型特征,这与国内其他变异株的缺失情况一致。从遗传进化角度分析,本研究得到的毒株与JXA1及TJ毒株具有相似来源。     

珠江水系光倒刺鲃Cyt b基因的遗传变异分析

从珠江水系中采集了7个群体共241尾光倒刺鲃样本,对其线粒体Cyt b序列进行了测定与分析.结果显示:序列长度1141 bp,共检测到37个核苷酸变异位点,9个单倍型,其中单倍型多样性为0.768±0.012,核苷酸多样性为0.0105±0.0052,其中北江水系群体具有中等遗传多样性,而其他水系群体遗传多样性较低.遗...     

羊角型及相关基因研究进展

绵羊中存在无角、两角及多角性状,山羊无角性状与间性性状紧密连锁,间性山羊表现出一定的发育障碍和卵巢畸形.文章就羊角型发育及绵羊无角、多角及山羊无角间性综合征相关基因的研究情况进行了综述,以期为羊角型性状的选育研究提供参考.     

Mutation Techniques for Gene Discovery and Crop Improvement

One of the most important breakthroughs in the history of genetics ）was the discovery that mutations can be artificially induced in organisms （van Harten, 1998）. Artificially induced mutations, by physical and chemical mutagens, have greatly advanced the understanding of genetics of higher organisms. Starting in the late 1960＇s, the International Atomic Energy Agency （IAEA） and the Food and Agriculture Organization （FAO） of the United Nations sponsored extensive research on mutation induction and their application to breeding of food and indnstrial crops that resulted in the introduction of new varieties of rice, wheat, barley, apples, citrus, sugar cane, banana, and others （more than 2 500 officially released new varieties are to be found in the FAO/IAEA Mutant Varieties Database） （hitp：//www-mvd.iaea.org/MVD/default.htm）. However, the usefulness of mutation techniques has been underappreciated in research communities, particularly during the last decade, when more and more researchers and breeders were rushing into molecular marker techniques and transgenic plants. In this paper, after a brief review of the past accomplishments of mutation induction and its application, we discuss the uniqueness of induced mutations in gene discovery and how to integrate induced mutants into functional genomics programs;     

Comparative Genomics for Gene Isolation in Legumes

The similarity in gene order between closely related taxa suggests that genomic information from model systems should facilitate gene isolation and characterization in target crops. If this is the case, a great deal of effort and investment can be saved by focusing attention on a few model systems that have appropriate applicability. Pea （Pisura sativum） provides a good test case： its genome is large and the insertion sites for repetitive elements, which comprise the bulk of its genome, are highly polymorphic （Jing et al., 2005; Vershinin et al., 2003）, so we expect a great deal of structural polymorphism between the genomes of Pisum lines. Yet the genetic map of Pisum is essentially coUinear with Medicago （Choi et al., 2004; Kalo et al., 2004）.     

Gene Discovery and Characterization from Non-sequenced Medicinal Plants

Plant-derived secondary metabolites still constitute important resources for currently prescribed drugs and for the discovery of active principles which are effective in new indication areas. Promising compounds are often exclusively found in wild medicinal plants and the classical plant-based pharmaceutical production approach has been hampered by low yields, lack of reproducibility and the high complexity of plant extracts （Rischer and Oksman-Caldentey, 2005）. Influencing the accumulation of target compounds by breeding or genetic engineering is greatly impeded because in most cases the general biosynthetic routes are incompletely understood.     

TILLING and Ecotilling the Plant Kingdom

The modem crop scientist has a large amount of available nucleotide sequence information to identify genes of potential agronomic importance. Using reverse genetic approaches, specific genes can be disrupted, and hypotheses regarding gene function directly tested in vivo. Although a number of reverse genetic methods have been introduced, many are limited in application because they are organism-specific, expensive, transgenic, or only transiently disrupt gene function. However, traditional mutagenesis using chemical mutagens has been widely used as a forward genetics strategy to create many new crop plant varieties at relatively low cost. Mutagens such as ethyl methanesulphonate （EMS） cause stable point mutations and thus produce an allelic series of truncation and missense changes that can provide a range of phenotypes （Greene et al., 2003）. TILLING （targeting induced local lesions IN genomes） is a high-throughput reverse genetic strategy that combines traditional mutagenesis and SNP discovery methods （Colbert et al., 2001; McCallum et al., 2000）. To identify mutations, target regions of-l.5 kb are amplified with fluorescently labeled gene specific primers. Heteroduplexes are then formed between wild-type and mutant strands, mismatches are cleaved by incubation with a single-strand specific nuclease,     

水稻幼苗对多浓度Fe2+胁迫的QTL联合检测

用珍汕97B/密阳46的RIL作图群体,以基本营养液培养为对照(CK),设2种Fe2 (160 mg/L和240 mg/L)作为胁迫处理,以处理20 d的幼苗相对苗高(%)(处理苗高/对照苗高×100%)作为幼苗耐Fe2 胁迫程度的评价指标,进行2个环境的QTL联合检测分析.结果表明,RIL群体株系间对Fe2 胁迫反应差异较大,明显出现超亲分离.共检测到4个耐Fe2 胁迫的主效QTL,即qTFS-1-1、qTFS-3、qTFS-6和qTFS-9,分别位于第1、3、6和9染色体上,可解释14.96%的表型变异,它们与Fe2 胁迫浓度并无显著的G×E互作,表明这4个耐性基因在不同浓度Fe2 胁迫处理下,均可稳定表达.试验还检测到3对耐Fe2 胁迫的加性×加性上位性互作,共可解释7.16%的表型变异,涉及第1、2、7、9、12等5条染色体,该3对上位性互作与Fe2 不同浓度胁迫处理也无显著G×E互作.     

OsI2基因的克隆及其植物表达载体的构建

在旱稻IRAT109干旱胁迫下cDNA芯片分析结果的基础上,通过RT-PCR,5'-RACE及3'-RACE方法,从IRAT109总RNA中扩增得到了干旱胁迫下芯片表达谱中上升表达强度第二的基因全长序列,命名为OsI2,全长有523 bp,并对基因序列结构进行了分析.该基因与全长cDNA文库中的CT836140.1有99%同源.OsI2基因编码产物对应1个包含57个氨基酸的开放阅读框(ORF),为一功能未知蛋白.其编码产物也可能对应两个中间相隔19 bp的较小ORFs(43个氨基酸和42个氨基酸),都是功能未知的蛋白.在pBI121载体的基础上,将OsI2基因与CaMV35S连接成功构建了pBl121-OsI2植物表达载体,为进一步研究其功能创造了条件.