The Study on the Effects of Chinese Herbal Mixtures on Growth, Activity of Post-Ruminal Digestive Enzymes and Serum Antioxidant Status of Beef Cattle

Sixteen Limousin×Luxi crossbred beef cattle [099.4±8.67) kg] were used to evaluate the effects of Chinese herbal mixtures (CHM) on growth, activities of post-ruminal digestive enzymes and serum antioxidant status of beef cattle. Treatments were control (no CHM supplementation) and three formulations of CHM (CHM-A, CHM-B and CHM-C) that were arranged as completely randomized design. The calves were fed in indoor individual feeding barn with total mixed ration for 90 d.The CHM-A, CHM-B, and CHM-C was incorporated into the diet at the level of 20 g kg-1 DM (dry matter) of concentrate.The cattle were weighted at the beginning, at the end and every 15 d between to determine growth rate. Blood sample was taken every 30 d to analyze activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA). The cattle were slaughtered at the end of experiment and chymus samples from various section of the post-ruminal digestive tract were collected to analyze enzymes activities. All cattle had similar average daily gain, but cattle supplemented with CHM-A tended faster growth (P=0.08) compared to the control and other CHM treatments. Supplementation of CHM did not affect Ph of chymus in any section of the post-ruminal digestive tract.Activities of pepsin, trypsin, chymotrypsin, and lipase in chymus samples were enhanced (P<0.05) to various extents by supplementation of CHM-A, CHM-B, and CHM-C depending on the enzymes and the site of the digestive tract. Amylase activity was increased only by CHM-A and CHM-C from chymus sample collected at the ileum. Supplementation of CHM-A and CHM-B reduced (P<0.05) concentration of MDA, but did not affect GSH-PX activity in the serum of cattle throughout the entire experimental period. Cattle supplemented with CHM-B also had higher (P<0.05) T-SOD activity in the serum at day 30 and 60 as compared with the control and the other two CHM treatments. Chinese herbal mixtures supplemented at the levels of 20 g kg-1 DM of concentrate increased post-ruminal digestive enzymes activity and enhanced serum antioxidant status. Inclusion of CHM-A and CHM-B in the diet may be favourable for ruminant production.     

三元杂交猪饲养技术

<正>1筛选最优三元杂交猪组合模式目前我国普遍采用的三元杂交猪组合模式有两种:一是以国外瘦肉型猪种杜洛克、长白、大约克三品种杂交生产杜长大三元杂交猪组合模式,它具有饲料报酬高、日增重快、瘦肉率高的显著特点,适用于集约化养猪场和生产水平较高的规模化养猪场。二是以本地猪如清平猪、通城猪、太湖猪等为母本,以国外良种瘦肉猪大约克、长白为第一二父本生产长大本三元杂交猪组合模式,     

杂交水稻高产栽培精确施氮技术参数的确定及验证研究

[目的]确定并验证杂交水稻高产栽培精确施氮技术的3个重要参数。[方法]以黔优18、茂优601等品种为试材,在贵州省小河、乌当和兴义进行试验示范,求取了杂交籼稻精确定氮高产栽培中的3个重要参数,并对其进行了论证示范。[结果]3个参数分别为：①100kg稻谷吸氮量：1.85kg（迟熟籼稻）、1.82kg（早熟籼稻）;②土壤空白供氮量在95.92～133.41kg/hm2;③氮肥当季利用率：当基蘖肥与穗肥比例为5∶5时,得出获取高产的氮肥当季利用率为45.18%（迟熟籼稻）、44.72%（早熟籼稻）。根据获得的3个参数分别在当地进行示范,均获1.2t/hm2以上产量。[结论]为指导贵州省不同稻区的科学施肥提供了理论依据。     

乌鳢、斑鳢及杂交种养殖研究现状

以乌鳢和斑鳢为亲本,正反交得到杂交子代:斑乌鳢(斑鳢♀×乌鳢♂)或乌斑鳢(乌鳢♀×斑鳢♂).与父母本相比,杂交子代具有优良的性状,在成活率、抗逆性、生长速度等性状上均得到了改良,在养殖中得到推广.概述了乌鳢、斑鳢及杂交鳢的养殖研究现状,指出了养殖过程中存在的问题,并对杂交鳢养殖进行展望.     

洋水仙品种生物学特性及其杂交亲和性分析

在南京地区观察记载从荷兰引入的22个洋水仙品种的植物学特征、观赏特性和物候期等生物学特性,按照美国水仙协会制定的标准进行归类,分属10个类型,均可在南京地区栽培种植。利用正交试验筛选出适宜于洋水仙花粉离体萌芽的液体培养基为蔗糖50 g/L+硼酸30 mg/L+氯化钙30 mg/L,检测21个品种的花粉萌芽率,其中Hawera、Martinette、Minnow、Suzy和Tête-à-Tête 5个品种在试验条件下花粉不萌发,可能为雄性不育。28个组合的杂交亲和性分析筛选出Actaea、Barrett Browning、Dutch Master、Fortissimo、Martinette Mitchell、Mount Hood和Salome能结实且花粉具育性,其中Actaea和Mount Hood自交结实,这7个品种可作为杂交育种的亲本材料。     

水稻纹枯菌总 DNA 提取方法的比较

DNA的浓度,尤其是DNA的纯度严重影响后续基因组酶切等结果。为寻找一种高质量的水稻纹枯菌总DNA的提取方法,采用CTAB法、CTAB改良法、SDS法、蜗牛酶法、蛋白酶K法5种方法分别提取水稻纹枯菌总DNA。通过紫外吸光度测定DNA的纯度和浓度、琼脂糖凝胶电泳、PCR扩增、限制性内切酶酶切反应及Southern杂交评价DNA的质量,最终得出蛋白酶K法是获取高质量水稻纹枯菌基因组DNA的最佳方法。     

观赏鱼之锦鲤品种介绍(二)

<正>昭和三色锦鲤锦鲤中最具代表性的品种之一,与红白锦鲤、大正三色锦鲤一起被称为"御三家"。是在日本昭和二年由星野重吉将黄写与红白杂交获得。体色以大块墨色为底色,有分布匀称的红、白色斑。白质要求纯白,头部及尾部有白斑者品味较高,背部有白斑者更佳。墨斑进入头部,这是昭和的品种特征,也是与大正三色锦鲤的区别之处。传统的昭和三色锦鲤在头部的墨斑呈倒     

合浦县杂交水稻测土配方施肥指标体系构建

以合浦县2006—2010年29个杂交水稻"3414"田间试验结果为基础,利用三元二次、一元二次及线性加平台等方程模型拟合求出最佳施肥量、最佳产量,经统计分析建立杂交水稻磷、钾养分丰缺指标及氮、磷、钾测土配方施肥指标体系,以为今后合浦县杂交水稻生产科学施肥提供科学依据。     

宜优673种植表现及作再生稻高产栽培技术

宜优673系用宜香1A与福恢673配组育成的三系杂交香稻新组合,2008年引进武平县试种、示范,表现米质优、穗大粒多、结实率高、再生力强、丰产稳产性好等特点。介绍了宜优673在武平县试种、示范的种植表现及作再生稻高产配套栽培技术。     

杂交水稻机械化制种技术的研究现状与发展策略

介绍国内外杂交水稻全程机械化制种技术的研究现状,概述实现杂交水稻机械化制种的几种途径及其不足之处,探讨杂交水稻机械化制种的对策及应用前景。