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1.
D. Bilalis P. Efthimiadis & G. Karagiannis 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2001,187(2):121-126
The effect of three herbicides, diclofop-methyl (DM), imazamethabenz-methyl (IM) and fenoxaprop-ethyl (FE), was investigated at the recommended rate (×) and double the recommended rate (2×) in a durum wheat crop. FE had the smallest effect on root system characteristics, while IM had the greatest effect. For all herbicides, the double rate treatment gave a greater statistical reduction than the single rate for root system characteristics. FE had the smallest effect on the activity of aerobic microorganisms, while DM gave the greatest reduction, 10 days after application, and all three herbicides reduced earthworm abundance. DM gave the smallest reduction in the number of tillers and in plant height, while the double rate of IM gave the greatest reduction. For all three herbicides, double the recommended rate resulted in a significant reduction in the weight of 1000 seeds, while no statistically significant deviations were noted at the recommended rate. Finally, the use of all three herbicides resulted in significantly lower statistical yields compared to the sample (control plot), although there were no significant statistical differences among them, for either recommended or double recommended rates. 相似文献
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J. Müller 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1993,171(4):217-235
Dry Matter Production, CO2 Exchange, Carbohydrate and Nitrogen Content of Winter Wheat at Elevated CO2 Concentration and Drought Stress
Methods of mathematical modelling and simulation are being used to an increasing degree in estimating the effects of rising atmospheric CO2 concentration and changing climatic conditions on agricultural ecosystems. In this context, detailed knowledge is required about the possible effects on crop growth and physiological processes. To this aim, the influence of an elevated CO2 concentration and of drought stress on dry matter production, CO2 exchange, and on carbohydrate and nitrogen content was studied in two winter wheat varieties from shooting to milk ripeness. Elevated CO2 concentration leads to a compensation of drought stress and at optimal water supply to an increase of vegetative dry matter and of yield to the fourfold value. This effects were caused by enhanced growth of secondary tillers which were reduced in plants cultivated at atmospheric CO2 concentration. Analogous effects in the development of ear organs were influenced additionally by competitive interactions between the developing organs. The content and the mass of ethanol soluble carbohydrates in leaves and stems were increased after the CO2 treatment and exhausted more completely during the grain filling period after drought stress. Plants cultivated from shooting to milk ripeness at elevated CO2 concentration showed a reduced response of net photosynthesis rate to increasing CO2 concentration by comparison with untreated plants. The rate of dark respiration was increased in this plants. 相似文献
Methods of mathematical modelling and simulation are being used to an increasing degree in estimating the effects of rising atmospheric CO
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INTRODUCTIONIntheworldoftoday,theglobalclimatechangeanditsinfluenceonecologyhavebe-comeaveryimportantproblem,towhichmanyscientists,governnentleadersandordinarypcoplepaycloseattentionI1-'].Inl979,theWorldClimateResearchProgram(WCP)waslaiddowninthefirstworldclimatemeeting.lnl99(),thesecondworldclimatemeetingwasconvcl1edinGencva,andalltl1eexpertsagreedthattheglobalwarmlngwillbeextremelyseriousdisasterthananynatUralcalamityever.Attl1eMectingof"WorldEnvironmentandDevelopment,"holdinBrazil… 相似文献
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本研究以深层发酵灵芝为原料,评估灵芝发酵产物对感染猪圆环病毒-2(PCV-2)断奶仔猪生长发育及免疫功能的影响.试验1:选择160头21 d断奶的仔猪,随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复10头猪.各组分别在基础日粮中添加0、50、100和150 mg/kg灵芝发酵产物.试验2:将120头21 d断奶的仔猪随机分为2组... 相似文献
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本研究旨在探究产胞外多糖芽孢杆菌对蔬菜镉(Cd)积累及土壤结构的影响。采用以空心菜和茼蒿为供试材料的盆栽试验,研究了功能菌株Priestia megaterium YG35和Bacillus halodurans G20降低蔬菜吸收Cd的效果和可能作用机制。结果表明,与CK相比,菌株YG35、菌株G20及其胞外多糖处理显著增加空心菜和茼蒿可食用组织干质量(37.8%~115.1%),显著降低可食用组织Cd含量(21.9%~44.2%),并使茼蒿Cd含量(0.057~0.061 mg·kg-1)达到安全可食用标准,显著降低根际土壤有效态Cd含量(3.7%~11.7%),显著(P<0.05)增加根际土壤多糖含量(35.9%~49.5%)和蔗糖酶活性(15.3%~28.4%),促进根际土壤团聚体向大粒径转化。研究表明,YG35和G20及其胞外多糖能降低蔬菜对Cd的吸收,促进蔬菜生长,改善土壤结构,具有在Cd污染土壤上实现蔬菜安全生产的应用潜力。 相似文献
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7.
Nir Melnikov Yehuda Kamari Michal Kandel-Kfir Iris Barshack Ami Ben-Amotz Dror Harats Aviv Shaish Ayelet Harari 《Marine drugs》2022,20(7)
Vitamin A and provitamin A carotenoids are involved in the regulation of adipose tissue metabolism and inflammation. We examined the effect of dietary supplementation using all-trans and 9-cis β-carotene-rich Dunaliella bardawil alga as the sole source of vitamin A on obesity-associated comorbidities and adipose tissue dysfunction in a diet-induced obesity mouse model. Three-week-old male mice (C57BL/6) were randomly allocated into two groups and fed a high-fat, vitamin A-deficient diet supplemented with either vitamin A (HFD) or β-carotene (BC) (HFD-BC). Vitamin A levels in the liver, WATs, and BAT of the HFD-BC group were 1.5–2.4-fold higher than of the HFD group. BC concentrations were 5–6-fold greater in BAT compared to WAT in the HFD-BC group. The eWAT mRNA levels of the Mcp-1 and Cd68 were 1.6- and 2.1-fold lower, respectively, and the plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were 30% and 28% lower in the HFD-BC group compared with the HFD group. Dietary BC can be the exclusive vitamin A source in mice fed a high-fat diet, as shown by the vitamin A concentration in the plasma and tissues. Feeding BC rather than vitamin A reduces adipose tissue macrophage recruitment markers and plasma lipid concentrations. 相似文献
8.
【目的】利用两种外源硅肥材料开展试验,研究外源硅对土壤重金属Cd有效性以及稻谷Cd含量的影响。【方法】以硅胶(分子式mSiO2.nH2O,含量98%以上)、液体硅肥(SiO2浓度≥23%)作为外源硅肥材料,通过在重金属镉Cd超标稻田土壤施用硅胶,在水稻分蘖期、孕穗期喷施液体硅肥,研究硅钝化稻田土壤重金属Cd有效性及降低稻谷Cd含量。【结果】施用硅胶达到100kg/667m2对降低土壤有效Cd含量有极显著效果,表明稻田施用硅胶可以钝化土壤重金属Cd有效性;施用硅胶达到100kg/667m2对降低稻谷Cd含量有显著效果,施用硅胶再配合喷施液体硅肥时,对降低稻谷Cd含量有极显著效果;施用硅胶、液体硅肥对提高稻谷产量有显著作用。【结论】基施硅胶配合喷施液体硅肥,对钝化土壤重金属Cd有效性,降低稻谷Cd含量,提高稻谷产量具有显著效果。 相似文献
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