软枣猕猴桃‘奇异莓6号’离体再生技术

以软枣猕猴桃无芽茎段为外植体进行离体培养,具有成本低、取材方便、材料充足等优点,但以往的研究表明无芽茎段诱导再生率低。本试验以‘奇异莓6号’软枣猕猴桃无芽茎段为外植体,探究不同植物生长调节剂、光照强度、温度、苗龄对不定芽诱导的影响。结果表明：最佳外植体为苗龄30d的无芽茎段,在光照12h/d(光照强度50LX)、室温20℃下,不定芽诱导的最适培养基为MS+2mg/L ZT,不定芽以间接途径发生,培养40d无芽茎段两端开始形成淡绿色愈伤组织,培养45d愈伤组织表面出现红色小点,开始形成不定芽,培养55d愈伤组织诱导率、愈伤组织分化率及不定芽数均到最大,分别为100%、100%及18.87个/块。待苗长至3cm左右时转到MS+0.4mg/L ^IBA中进行生根培养,培养30d生根率可达100%、根数为8.53/株、根长1.68cm、根粗0.14cm。     

Marine Collagen: A Promising Biomaterial for Wound Healing,Skin Anti-Aging,and Bone Regeneration

Marine organisms harbor numerous bioactive substances that can be utilized in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Scientific research on various applications of collagen extracted from these organisms has become increasingly prevalent. Marine collagen can be used as a biomaterial because it is water soluble, metabolically compatible, and highly accessible. Upon review of the literature, it is evident that marine collagen is a versatile compound capable of healing skin injuries of varying severity, as well as delaying the natural human aging process. From in vitro to in vivo experiments, collagen has demonstrated its ability to invoke keratinocyte and fibroblast migration as well as vascularization of the skin. Additionally, marine collagen and derivatives have proven beneficial and useful for both osteoporosis and osteoarthritis prevention and treatment. Other bone-related diseases may also be targeted by collagen, as it is capable of increasing bone mineral density, mineral deposition, and importantly, osteoblast maturation and proliferation. In this review, we demonstrate the advantages of marine collagen over land animal sources and the biomedical applications of marine collagen related to bone and skin damage. Finally, some limitations of marine collagen are briefly discussed.     

柿叶片不定芽再生的研究

以柿组培苗叶片为外植体,通过L9(34)正交试验,研究了基础培养基、激素种类及浓度对不定芽再生的影响.同时,对叶片的着生节位、切块大小及接种方式的影响进行了试验.结果表明,ZT浓度对叶片不定芽再生的影响作用最大,基础培养基次之,但IAA对愈伤组织形成的作用高于ZT和基础培养基;将组培苗顶端前2节位伸展叶片切成4mm×4mm左右的切块正放接种,可以获得最高的再生效率.组培苗切片在MS(1/2N) ZT4.0mg·L-1培养基中直接光照下,分化率可达到76.76%,平均不定芽数为1.26个.     

海南甘薯主栽品种再生体系的优化

本研究以海南甘薯主栽品种‘心香’、‘广薯87’、‘川山紫’、‘宁紫薯1号’、‘薯绿一号’、‘高系14’和‘三角宁’为材料,从外植体的选择、不同消毒方案、培养基配方和防褐化剂筛选等方面进行研究,建立一套适合热带地区甘薯主栽品种的脱毒快繁优化再生体系。结果表明：侧芽增殖率与存活率最高;在不同的外植体消毒处理中,依次用75%酒精消毒60 s,2% NaClO消毒15 min,以及0.1% HgCl₂消毒15 min的污染率最低;最佳的生根培养基配方为：MS+0.05 mg/L NAA+0.1 mg/L GA₃;茎长生长最快的培养基配方为：MS+0.1 mg/L NAA+1 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L GA₃;干重增长最快的培养基配方为：MS+0.1 mg/L NAA+1.5 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L GA₃;在培养基中加入5~6 g/L硫代硫酸钠和1.25 g/L聚乙烯吡咯烷酮能有效地抑制外植体的褐变。     

朱顶红幼嫩花梗胚性愈伤组织诱导和高效植株再生

为建立高效的朱顶红植株再生和种苗繁育技术体系,以幼嫩花梗为外植体开展胚性愈伤组织诱导和植株再生研究。对2,4-D和噻苯隆（TDZ）浓度、外植体发育时期及大小进行了筛选,结果表明：将切片厚度为1 mm的幼嫩花梗外植体置于添加0.5 mg ? L-1 TDZ 和2.0 mg ? L-1 2,4-D的MS固体培养基上培养8周,胚性愈伤组织诱导率最高,达85.3%。将胚性愈伤组织转移至相同的培养基上,每月继代1次,平均每月增殖10.6倍。在不含任何生长调节剂的MS培养基上,胚性愈伤组织的植株再生率达98.0%,平均每块愈伤组织可再生出12.3个小植株。经过36次（3年）继代培养后,胚性愈伤组织的增殖和植株再生效率没有显著变化。幼苗移栽至温室驯化,成活率达97.5%。再生植株移栽到田间,没有发现明显的表型变异。对随机选择的再生植株和母株进行简单序列重复区间（ISSR）扩增分析,证实再生植株没有发生DNA水平变异。     

球孢白僵菌原生质体获得和再生恢复培养条件的研究

对球孢白僵菌菌龄、β-巯基乙醇、溶壁酶、渗透压稳定剂和琼脂粉含量等条件对球孢白僵菌原生质体的获得和再生恢复培养的影响进行了研究,建立了球孢白僵菌原生质体获得和再生恢复培养的最佳体系。原生质体获得的最佳菌龄为培养24~28 h的菌丝体,最佳β-巯基乙醇浓度为0.01 mol/L,最佳酶为真菌溶壁酶,最佳渗透压稳定剂为0.7 mol/L NaCl,原生质体获得频率高达99%;原生质体再生恢复时培养基中最佳渗透压稳定剂为0.7 mol/L葡萄糖,最佳琼脂粉质量分数为0.75%,再生频率达57%。     

油菜素甾醇对沟叶结缕草长期培养愈伤组织生长和再生的影响

为了维持长期培养植物愈伤组组织的高再生率,以应用于体细胞无性系进行变异筛选.本研究以继代15年的沟叶结缕草[Zoysia matrella(L.)Merr.]胚性愈伤组织为材料,用不同浓度的表油菜素内酯(EBL)处理,研究油菜素甾醇(BR)对其生长和再生的影响,选出可提高长期离体培养愈伤组织生长及再生效率的最优EBL浓...     

大红甜橙遗传转化高效再生体系的建立

以大红甜橙的实生苗为试材,研究6-BA与IAA的不同浓度组合和Km不同浓度对大红甜橙不同外植体离体再生的影响和IBA的不同浓度对不定芽生根的影响,建立了高效的大红甜橙遗传转化再生体系.该体系的最佳条件是:1)以实生苗上胚轴为外植体.2)以MS无机盐 100mg/L肌醇 0.2mg/LV-B1 1mg/LV-B6 1mg/L烟酸 3%蔗糖 0.8%琼脂(pH5.8) 3mg/L6-BA为不定芽诱导培养基,在26℃黑暗条件下培养7d后,转移至光/暗周期16/8h的条件下诱导不定芽的分化(40d分化率达90%).以1/2MS 3%蔗糖 0.7%琼脂 2.0mg/LIBA为不定芽的生根培养基(40d生根率达94.7%).3)筛选遗传转化转化体的Km质量浓度为50mg/L.     

一株海洋石油降解菌的特性分析及固定化研究

从辽东湾沿岸受石油污染的沉积物中筛选得到一株石油降解菌株BHB-16,对该菌进行了形态以及16SrDNA系统发育分析,初步确定该菌株为Lutibacterium菌属。应用沸石和珊瑚石作为载体进行该菌株的固定化研究,确定当沸石作为载体时,固定化的最佳条件为:菌株接种量为0.6mL,培养时间28h,载体投加量为10mL;选用珊瑚石为载体时,固定化的最佳条件为:菌株接种量为0.6mL,培养时间29h,载体投加量为12mL;此外,用沸石和珊瑚石固定后的菌株,其对于柴油的降解率相对于游离菌分别提高了14.4%和29.6%,初步选用珊瑚石作为载体进行菌株的固定化使其具有更好的石油降解能力。     

Improved micropropagation protocol and enhancement in biomass and chlorophyll content in Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) Bertoni by using high copper levels in the culture medium

Incorporation of a range of higher concentrations of CuSO₄·5H₂O in MS medium [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassay with 240 tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol. Plant 15, 473–497] significantly enhanced direct shoot bud induction and proliferation from cultured leaf and nodal explants taken from mature plants of Stevia rebaudiana. Shoot bud induction medium was supplemented with BAP (2.2 μM) and IAA (2.8 μM). When the concentration of CuSO₄·5H₂O in the induction medium was raised to 0.5 μM (five times the MS level, i.e. 0.1 μM) there was significant increase in percentage response along with increase in shoot bud number per explant. The shoots were healthy, well developed with dark green broader leaves. There was remarkable increase in total biomass and chlorophyll content at increased (0.5 μM) copper level in the medium. During proliferation stage also presence of high copper levels in the medium favoured increase in shoot bud number per explant.