绿盲蝽越冬卵在灵武长枣枝条的分布特征研究

针对宁夏灵武地区枣园绿盲蝽越冬卵在枣枝的分布特征不明等问题,于2018年3月初采用"Z"字形取样法调查了两块枣园样地绿盲蝽越冬卵在枣枝上的产卵位置,并分析了修剪口处越冬卵的数量及形态特征。结果表明,当年休眠期枝剪口处的平均卵量显著高于枣股及其翘皮,且2年生枝与多年生枝剪口卵量显著高于1年生枝剪口;剪口周皮部的平均卵量显著小于髓心部,但带卵率显著大于髓心部;剪口周皮部的越冬卵长度、饱满度均显著大于髓心部,剪口周皮部与髓心部的越冬卵宽度、瘪卵数均差异不显著。在管理精细无杂草的纯枣园中,休眠期修剪口处的周皮部与髓心部是绿盲蝽产卵越冬的主要场所。据此提出封闭剪口与早春整枝修剪是防治绿盲蝽危害的关键措施。     

复方中药促进创伤愈合作用效果研究

通过复方中药对创伤愈合的作用效果研究,初步筛选出一种促进伤口愈合的中药方剂。试验选取蒲公英、金银花、丹参等12种中草药,依据清热解毒、活血止血等组方原则组成甲、乙、丙3个复方,并制成膏剂。以小白鼠背部皮肤创伤为动物模型,以伤口愈合面积、愈合率、愈合时间、病理变化作为疗效指标,与莫匹罗星软膏（对照组）对照,观察各复方对创伤愈合的作用效果。结果表明,实验组与空白组（不做任何处理）比较,各复方中药能明显提高小白鼠的伤口愈合率（P〈0.05）,复方中药乙组与对照组比较,伤口愈合率无明显差异（P〉0.05）,而显著高于复方中药甲、丙组（P〈0.05）;与空白组比较,实验组和对照组均能促进表皮生成,减少炎性细胞浸润,加速胶原纤维增生和促进瘢痕形成,但复方乙组愈合效果最佳。提示复方乙组与西药疗效近似,其次是丙组,甲组效果最差;筛选出的复方中药乙能减少炎性细胞浸润,加速胶原纤维增生,防止伤口感染,在创伤愈合中疗效显著。     

Acute cortisol responses and wound healing in lambs after ring castration plus docking with or without application of a castration clamp to the scrotum

OBJECTIVE: To test whether the cortisol response to ring castration plus docking is reduced by additional application of a castration clamp across the full width of the scrotum distal to the ring. DESIGN: A physiological study with controls. PROCEDURE: Lambs, 3 to 6 weeks of age, were castrated using a ring or ring plus castration clamp applied for 6 or 10 s and docked using a ring. Blood samples were taken before and regularly for about 4 h after treatment and analysed for plasma cortisol concentrations. The healing of the scrotal wounds was monitored for 6 weeks after castration. RESULTS: The plasma cortisol concentrations were lower only at 60 min after treatment in lambs castrated with a clamp placed on the scrotum for 10 s after ring castration and docking than in lambs castrated and docked by ring alone. Scrotal wounds healed more quickly after ring plus clamp than after ring only castration. CONCLUSIONS: The castration clamp had at most a marginal effect on the cortisol response to ring castration and docking of 3- to 6-week-old lambs, but it did seem to improve the rate of healing.     

德国洋甘菊精油促进皮肤创伤愈合作用的研究

[目的]探讨不同浓度的德国洋甘菊(Matricaria chamomilla L.)精油对成纤维细胞增殖和迁移的影响以及对小鼠皮肤创伤愈合的作用。[方法]用CCK8法检测不同浓度德国洋甘菊精油对成纤维细胞增殖的影响,用划痕法检测其对成纤维细胞迁移的影响,用小鼠切除伤模型检测其对小鼠创伤愈合的影响。[结果]结果表明德国洋甘菊精油可显著促进成纤维细胞增殖和迁移,其促进作用呈剂量依赖性;可显著提高小鼠皮肤创伤愈合速度,增加创面皮肤真皮厚度和成纤维细胞数目。[结论]德国洋甘菊精油能促进皮肤创伤愈合,其机制可能与促进成纤维细胞增殖和迁移有关。     

鲜切生菜伤害信号的初步研究

本文用简易的方法对鲜切Romaine生菜中伤害信号进行了研究。实验结果表明,切割后在其切割位点产生伤害信号物质,它能在很短的时间内传导至邻近未受伤组织中,并诱导一系列的生理反应,例如PAL（苯丙氨酸解氨酶）的合成,酚类物质的合成和累积,切割面的褐变等。己醇能显著的抑制伤害信号的传导,植物组织提取液对其抑制作用具有抵消作用。同时研究发现,伤害信号能通过溶液进行传导。生菜的伤害信号可能不是蛋白类物质。     

马来亚豪猪中国亚种皮肤伤口无疤痕愈合能力的研究

[目的]研究马来亚豪猪中国亚种皮肤伤口无疤痕愈合方式。[方法]对马来亚豪猪中国亚种的耳部实施贯穿伤及撕裂伤,以7 d为节点拍照记录伤口愈合情况;运用石蜡切片、HE染色等方法对豪猪耳部伤口愈合进展进行组织学观察。[结果]撕裂伤口能够在63 d内以无疤痕的方式愈合,于再生区观察到新生的脂肪组织、真皮、表皮和丰富的毛囊。[结论]该研究结果有助于探明豪猪皮肤创伤无疤痕愈合的机理以及了解动物皮肤损伤修复的机制,可为治愈人的大面积皮肤创伤提供参考。     

海湾扇贝外套膜创伤修复过程的组织学和组织化学观察

Ｍａｌｌｏｒｙ‘ｓ三色染色显示海湾扇贝外套膜创伤的组织学修复过程,外套切割３小时、６小时、伤口处涌出血淋巴细胞,有非颗粒变形细胞与颗粒变形细胞两种构成。切割２４小时伤口内出现大量的成纤维细胞,至切割后８天,伤愈组织内出现少量成肌细胞,１６天,愈合物内肌纤维增多,并可见到血窦形成,切割３２天,肌纤维含量丰富,但这些肌纤维并未形成明显的肌肉束。组织化学观察表明,高碘酸Ｓｃｈｉｆｆ反应发现血淋巴细胞质内     

Chitin and Chitosan: Prospective Biomedical Applications in Drug Delivery,Cancer Treatment,and Wound Healing

Chitin and its derivative chitosan are highly abundant polymers in nature, appearing in both the shells and exoskeletons of various marine and non-marine species. Since they possess favorable properties, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, and non-immunogenicity, they have gained recent attention due to their enormous potential biomedical applications. The polycationic surface of chitosan enables it to form hydrogenic and ionic bonds with drug molecules, which is one of its most useful properties. Because chitosan is biocompatible, it can therefore be used in drug delivery systems. The development of chitosan-based nanoparticles has also contributed to the significance of chitin as a drug delivery system that can deliver drugs topically. Furthermore, chitin can be used in cancer treatment as a vehicle for delivering cancer drugs to a specific site and has an antiproliferative effect by reducing the viability of cells. Finally, chitosan can be used as a wound dressing in order to promote the faster regeneration of skin epithelial cells and collagen production by fibroblasts. As discussed in this review, chitin and chitosan have diverse applications in the medical field. Recognizing the biomedical applications of these two polymers is essential for future research in tissue engineering and nanobiotechnology.     

组织粘合剂和缝合对绵羊皮肤创愈合过程的比较观察

本试验从临床和病理组织学观察,组织粘合剂试验组炎症反应明显比对照组(缝合组)为重。这种炎症反应,临床上表现为炎症肿胀和干痂形成.病理组织学的炎症指数和创伤愈合过程,试验组和对照组明显不同。解释组织粘合剂试验出现炎症反应和广泛的肉芽组织是由于异物存在.     

不同功率的半导体激光照射对犬皮肤创伤愈合及瘢痕组织结构的影响

试验选用本地杂种犬１８只，随机分为３组，在犬的背部两侧各造一边长为２ｃｍ的正方形皮肤全层缺损创。选用波长８９０ｎｍ，频率１０００Ｈｚ的砷化镓半导体激光照射，每天一次，每次５ｍｉｎ，连续１０ｄ。实验一组左侧照射选用平均输出功率２ｍＷ，峰值功率５Ｗ，右侧创伤不照射作为自体对照。实验二组左侧选用平均输出功率为４ｍＷ，峰值功率１０Ｗ，右侧作为自体对照。对照组左侧作为对照。每天对创面愈合情况进行观察记录并描记创伤面积，于临床愈合后取组织样中性福尔马林固定，石蜡切片，Ｈ．Ｅ染色，光镜检查。结果表明：砷化镓激光以本试验所用剂量及方法照射，对犬全层皮肤缺损创的愈合促进作用，差异显著。镜下可见实验一组的两侧、实验二组的自体对照及异体对照的结构均为正常的瘢痕组织，实验二组激光照射侧皮下毛细血管充血，真皮内胶原纤维增生明显。表明激光的生物学剌激要达到一定的剂量才能产生生物效应。