Platelet-derived growth factor acts via both the Rho-kinase and p38 signaling enzymes to stimulate contraction in an in vitro model of equine wound healing

Horses are more prone to complications in the wound healing process than other species, and problems such as chronic inflammation, delayed epithelialization, poor wound contraction, and exuberant granulation tissue are commonly seen, particularly in wounds on the distal limbs. In comparison, wounds of the oral mucosa heal rapidly in a scarless fashion with a high degree of wound contraction. The effect of platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF), insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, and transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) on the contraction of a fibroblast-populated collagen matrix (FPCM) as a model of equine wound contraction was investigated using equine oral fibroblasts. The fibroblasts were embedded into floating FPCM and treated with PDGF, IGF-1, and TGFβ1. The surface areas of the FPCM were determined daily for 5 d. Platelet-derived growth factor significantly stimulated the contraction of the FPCM at an optimal concentration of 10 ng/mL (P = 0.025). Insulin-like growth factor-1 and TGFβ1 did not significantly affect the contraction of the FPCM relative to the control. To elucidate the mechanisms by which PDGF stimulated contraction of FPCM, the Rho-kinase and p38 cell signaling pathways were blocked, resulting in a significant inhibition (P < 0.001) of PDGF-stimulated contraction. Platelet-derived growth factor BB is a potent stimulator of fibroblast migration, and hence the FPCM contraction generated here is probably a result of its effects on cell migration. The results of the present experiment suggest that this effect is stimulated via both the Rho-kinase and p38 signaling pathways in equine oral fibroblasts.     

Evaluation of zinc supplementation in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juvenile diets

This study aimed to investigate the effect of increased zinc dietary levels on the growth performance, feed utilization, immune status and induced wound healing in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Fish weighing 10 g were fed five diets containing organic zinc at 30, 70, 110 and 150 mg kg^?1 diet and one inorganic zinc source (zinc oxide) at 150 mg kg^?1 diet for a period of 12 weeks. No significant (P>0.05) differences were found in the growth performance parameters (final weight, specific growth rate), immunological indices tested (respiratory burst activity in whole blood) and the wound‐healing process. Zinc accumulation in the skin, vertebrae and liver increased significantly (P<0.01) with increased dietary zinc levels but not in muscle. The highest zinc concentrations were obtained in skin tissue, followed by vertebrae, liver and muscle tissue. Using the concentration of zinc in skin as a response criterion, broken‐line analysis showed that the supplementation of 148 mg organic Zn kg^?1 diet seemed to be the optimum dietary zinc supplementation level for sea bass juveniles.     

壳聚糖伤口敷料的研究进展

综述壳聚糖的水溶性和生物活性,以及通过壳聚糖制成膜、水凝胶和纤维等形式的伤口敷料方面的研究进展。     

苹果轮纹病室内快速评价体系的建立

为探索高效、稳定且操作简便的苹果轮纹病室内评价方法,选用分离菌株Slg08O3-1-1-1菌饼分别对离体富士苹果两年生枝条以及当年生嫩梢、叶片和成熟果实4种材料进行接种,并对试验结果和接种方法进行比较分析.结果显示,在有伤和无伤条件下各接种材料接种无菌PDA块均不发病,接种病菌仅在有伤情况下致病;枝条烫伤接种发病最慢且病斑最小,嫩梢针刺1针接种较叶痕接种发病明显;1针及10针刺伤接种叶片正、反面,正面1针刺伤接种发病较快且一致;果实去除果皮接种较1针、10针刺伤后接种发病显著.用4个致病力不同的菌株验证,发现4种离体材料均能验证不同菌株间的致病力差异,且结果与田间无伤接种当年生新梢一致.说明4种离体材料均可准确、快速评价苹果轮纹病,其中正面针刺1针接种叶片的方法最优.     

番茄系统创伤信号因子研究进展

当植物受到机械损伤或害虫伤害时,植物体会在受伤部位产生创伤信号分子启动防御基因的系统表达.许多研究表明系统素(或其前体原系统素)在受伤部位激活茉莉酸的合成,使之达到系统反应的水平,应对外来伤害;茉莉酸或其衍生物是重要的系统伤信号分子,它诱导伤防御基因的系统表达.自从系统素和茉莉酸被认为是伤诱导防御基因表达的信号分子后,番茄成为研究植物系统伤信号很好的模式植物.本文介绍了番茄的茉莉酸合成突变体、茉莉酸感知突变体和系统素功能突变体,及它们之间相互作用,并推测了茉莉酸和系统素在系统创伤信号调节中的作用.     

沙棘籽油对牛的皮肤伤口愈合疗效的研究

本研究旨在通过比较沙棘籽油（Hippophae rhamnoides）和防腐软膏（5％碘伏）、草本软膏（印度草药研究与供应有限公司）及一种刺激性温和的基础药膏（液体石蜡）,来研究沙棘籽油对牛的皮肤伤口愈合效果。这个实验是将12头雄性牛犊分为4组,6头牛都有皮肤伤口,3头胸背部脊椎区的两边都用当地的镇痛药。伤口分别用液体石蜡、5％的碘伏软膏、沙棘籽油（沙棘油）及草本软膏处理28d,并分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ四组。不同处理的功效是建立在对经过0d、3d、7d、10d、14d和28d的不同临床血液参数的研究基础之上的。在研究中,所有组的心脏、呼吸率和血液学的各种参数及肛温都维持在正常的生理极限内。沙棘油和草本软膏对伤口处理的临床研究中发现,在伤口愈合的初期,伤口保持了一定的干燥度,并且抑制了炎症初期伤口的恶化。不同的组之间,在持续28d的实验中,用草本软膏和沙棘油做处理的组中伤口的愈合率最高。这些组的伤口试验同时还表现出早治疗,早治愈的特征。但是,在草本软膏和沙棘油处理组中,草本软膏组处理的伤口的整体愈合能力还是略优于沙棘油的疗效。     

CASE REPORT: Unilateral eyelid lesion and ophthalmologic findings in an aardvark (Orycteropus afer): case report and literature review

Objective To summarize the medical knowledge surrounding aardvarks to date, to describe the ophthalmic examination of a specimen with a chronic history of an upper eyelid lesion, of an assumed blind left eye, and to detail the anesthesia procedure performed. Procedure A 23‐year‐old aardvark was examined under general anesthesia and multiple ocular abnormalities were detected in the left eye (globe deviation, corneal opacities, iridodonesis, and aphakia). A thickening of the palpebral conjunctiva affecting the medial upper eyelid with erosion of the normal eyelid margin anatomy was identified. The adnexal lesion was resected by a wedge resection and histopathology was performed. Suture breakdown 3 days postoperatively required a second surgery, where buried sutures were used. The surgical techniques and postoperative care are discussed. Results The histopathology revealed mucosal hyperplasia and moderate neutrophilic and lymphoplasmacytic blepharitis. No causal organisms were identified. Following initial wound dehiscence and a modified surgical technique, the upper eyelid healed without complication and retained complete function. Conclusions The eyelid lesion involved a benign inflammatory and hyperplastic pathology of unknown etiology. Adjusting routine ophthalmic surgical techniques to wildlife and zoo animals can be challenging and complicated. It is important to understand the nature of the animals being managed, their circadian cycle, and habitat, to adjust and individualize the surgical approach, instrumentation, suture material, and perioperative treatment.     

The role of integrins in corneal wound healing

Integrins are cell adhesion molecules important in cell–cell and cell–extracellular matrix interactions. These interactions are vital to numerous physiological processes including corneal wound healing. This review discusses the structure of integrins as well as the various roles that integrins play in the corneal wound healing process. Integrin profile abnormalities identified in various corneal pathological conditions are also reviewed.     

发财树的伤口处理与植株生长关系的研究

用0.8 g/L甲基托布津溶液,0.8 g/L甲基托布津和0.2 mL/B12混合溶液处理不同种植期发财树植株伤口。结果表明:处理后0~8 d种植的植株生根最好,而处理后的16 d是最佳运输时间。