温度及盐胁迫对7个野生观赏草种子萌发特性的影响

以甘肃地区采集的7个野生观赏草种子为试验材料,设6个恒温及7个不同浓度NaCl溶液处理,研究了温度及盐胁迫对其种子萌发特性的影响,以期为野生观赏草引种驯化和繁殖提供依据。结果表明:10~35℃恒温范围内,7个材料种子最适发芽温度为发草(天祝)、发草(渭源)和芨芨草(武威)为25℃,狼尾草(宁县)、芨芨草(兰州)和书带苔草(渭源)为20~25℃,云雾苔草(渭源)为20~30℃。NaCl溶液浓度在0~1.1%内,7个野生观赏草种子萌发的发芽率、发芽指数、发芽势、胚芽和根长、鲜苗重均随NaCl浓度的增加而下降。在0.7%NaCl重度胁迫下,7个野生观赏草种子的发芽率、发芽指数、发芽势、胚芽和根长、鲜苗重6个指标显著低于对照(P0.05)。NaCl溶液浓度为0.9%时除狼尾草(宁县)和发草(天祝)种子可以萌发外,其余材料种子未萌发。用发芽率、发芽指数、胚芽和胚根长、幼苗鲜重6个指标的相对值作为7个野生观赏草种子萌发期耐盐性综合评价值,7个野生观赏草种子萌发期耐盐性强弱依次为:狼尾草(宁县)发草(渭源)发草(天祝)芨芨草(武威)芨芨草(兰州)书带苔草(渭源)云雾苔草(渭源)。     

家鹑与野生日本鸣鹑群体微卫星DNA标记的遗传学分析

选择10个微卫星标记位点，合成引物对微山湖野生日本鸣鹑和家鹌鹑各40只进行PCR扩增，变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测分型，并对其品种内和品种间的遗传变异进行群体遗传学分析，从分子水平上揭示这两个鹌鹁群体的遗传结构关系、亲缘关系和遗传分化程度，为鹌鹑的遗传资源研究提供新资料。     

野猪生物学特性及驯养方法

介绍了野猪的生物学特性、驯化条件、驯养方法及常发病的预防。     

宁夏野生甘草分布空间异质性及分布格局研究

运用统计学中的半方差分析、分维分析和克里格插值方法对宁夏野生甘草Glycyrrhiza uralensis的分布格局及其过程进行了研究.结果表明,宁夏野生甘草不同尺度空间分布的异质性不十分强烈,在整个所有尺度上受简单过程控制.分布格局在较小尺度上受随机过程控制,而在较大尺度上受自相关关系影响较大.当甘草种群间的距离在0～58 m内,样点内甘草株数与距离有自相关关系,而当甘草种群间的距离大于58 m时,样点间甘草分布的变化失去了自相关关系.甘草的克隆繁殖方式和土壤质地的空间异质性及鼠兔危害是导致甘草分布空间异质性的重要原因.     

ABA， H2O2与NO对木枣果实成熟生理的影响

在木枣白熟期分别用ABA、H2O2与NO供体硝普纳（SNP）喷洒果实,对其调控木枣果实成熟的生理基础进行了研究。结果显示用不同浓度的ABA,H2O2与SNP处理,枣果实中丙二醛（MDA）的含量明显升高,其中100 mg?L-1浓度时MDA含量为最高;Ca、Vc和β-胡萝卜素含量呈现先降低后升高再下降的趋势,其中75 mg?L-1浓度时Vc和β-胡萝卜素含量最高,50 mg?L-1时Ca含量最高;CAT和APX活性的变化呈现先升高后降低的趋势,75 mg?L-1时CAT和APX活性均最大;DNA含量的变化呈现先缓慢降低后升高再下降的趋势,ABA比H2O2、SNP处理对DNA含量影响更明显,100 mg?L-1时DNA含量最高。结论：ABA、H2O2与SNP对木枣果实发育成熟的影响效果较为明显,其生理效果在多方面表现基本一致,有加快木枣果实成熟衰老的作用。     

对1／2和1／4野血牦犊牛生长发育的观测

１９９４～１９９６年在海南州赛什塘牧场对１／２和１／４野血牦犊牛的生长发育进行了观测。结果：１／２和１／４野血牦犊牛的初生重分别比家牦犊牛提高７．６５％和８．８６％（Ｐ＜０．０１）,１／２野血牦犊牛在初生时的体高、体长和胸围比家牦犊牛分别提高３．２１％,５．５７％,５．５１％;６月龄时分别提高９．５６％,１１．４６％,３．５９％;１８月龄时分别提高９．１８％,１７．５５％,７．６４％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。     

Pseudorabies virus infection in hunting dogs in Oita,Japan: Report from a prefecture free from Aujeszky’s disease in domestic pigs

We isolated two pseudorabies virus (PRV) isolates (designated OT-1 and OT-2) from two hunting dogs exhibiting neurological manifestations after eating the flesh of wild boar hunted in Oita prefecture, Kyushu Island, Japan. The isolates corresponded to a previously reported PRV (MY-1 strain) isolated from a hunting dog in neighboring Miyazaki prefecture, and it clustered into genotype II based on the glycoprotein C sequence. Our results suggest that this common PRV strain may have been maintained in wild boars on Kyushu Island even though domestic pigs in this area have attained an Aujeszky’s disease-free status.     

枣树节水灌溉栽植技术探讨

枣树是宁夏山地造林的必选树种之一,文章从苗木质量、苗木出圃起运、苗木栽植等方面综述了山地栽植枣树的技术措施。     

Methodology for creating alloplasmic soybean lines by using Glycine tomentella as a maternal parent

Soybean breeders have not exploited the diversity of the 26 wild perennial species of the subgenus Glycine Willd. that are distantly related to soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and harbour useful genes. The objective of this study was to develop a methodology for introgressing cytoplasmic and genetic diversity from Glycine tomentella PI 441001 (2n = 78) into cultivated soybean using ‘Dwight’ (2n = 40) as the male parent. Immature seeds (19–21 days post‐pollination) were cultured in vitro to produce F₁ plants (2n = 59). Amphidiploid (2n = 118) plants, induced by colchicine treatment, were vigorous and produced mature pods and seeds after backcrossing with ‘Dwight’. The BC₁ plants (2n = 79) produced mature seeds in crosses with ‘Dwight’. Chromosome numbers in BC₂F₁ plants ranged from 2n = 41–50. From BC₂F₂ to BC₃F₁, the number of plants in parentheses with 2n = 40 (275), 2n = 41 (208), 2n = 42 (80), 2n = 43 (27), 2n = 44 (12) and 2n = 45 (3) were identified. Fertile lines were grown in the field during 2012 and 2013. This is the first report of the successful development of new alloplasmic soybean lines with cytoplasm from G. tomentella.