浅谈辊压法木材防护浸注技术

简述了国内外木材浸注技术的最新研究进展;重点论述了木材防护浸注厅法--辊压法,讨论了辊压法的浸注原理,以及与传统木材浸注方法--真空加压法在设备、工艺方面的比较,明确了控制压缩率的重要作用,并尝试应用计算机图像处理技术测量计算木材体积空隙率来确定压缩率,建议辊压浸注处理大青杨时,压缩率可试取50％及以下。     

Wood Microstructure Effects on Chinese White Poplar Dyeing

In order to study the influence of wood microstructure on wood dyeing, eleven parameters of wood microstructure and 5 parameters of wood dyeing effects for 34 pieces of wood boards from 5 trees of Chinese white poplar (Populus tomentosa) were determined and the multiple regression analysis between the factors of wood microstructures and the parameters of wood dyeing effects were made. The regression results show that each variable of wood dyeing effects has higher relationship with wood microstructures, and multiple correlation coefficients between each variable of wood dyeing effects and wood microstructures are 0.483 6~0.799 8. The main factors of wood microstructures influencing wood dyeing of Chinese white poplar are proportion of wood ray, proportion of vessel and proportion of wood fiber according to comparing the standardized regression coefficients of multiple regression equation.     

刨切单板贴面实木地板工艺探讨

针对山毛榉实木地板生产中因表面材质缺陷导致地板优等品率及出材率低的问题，采用山毛榉刨切单板对山毛榉实木地板进行贴面，并对改善实木地板表面质量的工艺技术进行了探讨。     

Biological performance of a formulation containing water-dispersible copper naphthenate and sodium fluoride against decay fungi

ABSTRACT

Two formulations of wood preservative one containing water-dispersible copper naphthenate (CuN) alone and in combination with sodium fluoride (NaF) were used to treat southern pine sapwood blocks to determine the effect of the addition of sodium fluoride in the QNS on the protection against wood decay fungi using laboratory soil block tests following AWPA (American Wood protection Association) standard E10-16 [American Wood Protection Association AWPA-E10. (2016 American Wood Protection Association. (2016) Standard E10-16 Laboratory Method for Evaluating the Decay Resistance of Wood-Based Materials Against Pure Basidiomycete Cultures: Soil/Block Test. [Google Scholar]) Laboratory Method for Evaluating the Decay Resistance of Wood-based Materials Against Pure Basidiomycete Cultures: Soil/Block Test]. The standard consists in exposing treated blocks to pure monoculture of white rot (Irpex lacteus (FP-105915) and Trametes versicolor (R-105)) and brown rot fungi (Gloeophyllum trabeum (Madison 617) and Postia placenta (Madison 698) during a specific period. The weight loss (WL) in percentage of treated blocks was used as an indicator of the biological performance of treated blocks against basidiomycetes at specific retentions. Minimum WL was obtained with blocks treated with the formulation containing mixture of QNS and sodium fluoride with the retention of 0.29?kg/m³ Cu and 0.51?kg/m³ of fluorine in treated blocks. A copper retention of 1.65?kg/m³ from blocks treated with formulations containing only QNS was needed to obtain similar WL to blocks containing blocks Cu++ and F? (fluorine). The lower Cu retention is attributed to a combination of the presence of the fluorine with some toxic activities against bacteria and decay and the interaction of anions fluorine and ionic Cu (II) in the aqueous treating solutions to form more soluble biological toxic hydrate of copper fluoride ((H₂O Cu (II) F2) in treated blocks compared to copper complexes less biological available in water-dispersible CuN-treated bocks.     

The effect of compression and incision on wood veneer and plywood physical and mechanical properties

ABSTRACT

Drying takes the largest share of energy in plywood production, and varying moisture content of veneers necessitates re-drying that often leads to over-dry veneers with deactivated surfaces, which may promote imperfect bonding. In order to decrease the drying time, reduce the need for re-drying of veneers, and improve the quality of plywood, birch and spruce veneers were subjected to pre-treatment by cold compression, incision, or a combination of the two. The effects of pre-treatment on the veneer and plywood quality were assessed by standard tests. Compression had a beneficial effect on water removal of the wettest veneers (spruce sapwood (SW) and birch), but some thickness reduction was observed in the veneers as well as the finished birch plywood. Compression led to thickness reduction of spruce veneers, but had no effect on SW plywood thickness likely due to higher viscoelasticity. Both compression and the combination of incising and compression levelled the moisture variation within the compressed stacks. Incision improved the modulus of elasticity of birch plywood, shear strength of SW plywood, and both bending and shear strengths of heartwood plywood. Higher surface pressure decreased the drying time of spruce SW in both plain compression and combined incision and compression pre-treatment.     

洞庭湖滩地造林成活率的关键影响因子

用样行法对洞庭湖滩地新造速生丰产纸浆林的成活率进行调查,同时了解造林地连续4 a汛期的水文规律和海拔高程的演变过程,通过分析造林成活率与主要影响因子之间的关系,发现淹水时间为滩地造林的限制性因子,营造速生丰产林、一般用材林和短周期工业原料林时,造林地年淹水天数依次不能超过19、35和62 d;苗木等级对造林成活率有重大影响,特级苗、Ⅰ级苗、Ⅱ级苗、Ⅲ级苗的平均成活率在海拔低于32 m的造林地上分别为68.8%、49.3%、18.7%、2.4%,在海拔超过32 m的造林地上分别为98.8%、79.6%、36.4%、14.7%;采用开沟抬垄整地可减轻涝渍胁迫,从而大幅度提高造林成活率.     

内应力释放对刨花板尺寸稳定性的影响分析

研究了热压过程中内应力的形成机理和板材内部应力状态,探讨了内应力释放对刨花板尺寸稳定性的影响,提出了减小内应力和提高尺寸稳定性的工艺措施.刨花板会发生变形,即尺寸不稳定,源于以下两个基本原因:(1)构成刨花板主体单元的木材有吸湿性;(2)刨花板在热压过程中产生了内应力即残余应力.刨花板内应力释放时,人们可以实实在在地感觉到,例如:刨花板热压结束后,卸板时板坯内会传出嘣、嘣、嘣的声音,或者是规整而无变形的刨花板在开料后会发现有翘曲变形出现.这就是残存在刨花板内部的应力在释放.本文根据木材传热传质的理论、应力松驰理论、相平衡理论对刨花板内应力形成机理和应力状态及内应力释放对刨花板尺寸稳定性的影响进行分析和研究,为生产提供理论指导.     

基于计算机视觉的全自动原木板材分检系统研究

原木板材的颜色纹理检测以及分类是木质产品生产过程中的一道重要工序。本文讨论分析了板材检测分类系统的硬件设计和系统涉及的算法，在分析不同聚类分析方法的基础上，提出了采用最大最小距离聚类法实现板材聚类，并对有关算法进行了软件设计和相关的实验研究，表明了算法的有效性。     

纤维增强定向成型材强化结构设计计算

纤维增强定向成型材是国内外人造板研究发展的一项创新,是一种可替代天然林木的复合材料.本文利用复合材料强度设计的方法,对其强化结构进行了设计计算,建立了纤维增强定向成型材强化结构模型.     

南方铁杉与长苞铁杉物理力学性质研究

本文对产于福建省武夷山市的南方铁杉和连城县的长苞铁杉进行了较系统的材性试验研究,提供了必要的该铁杉属木材的物理力学性质指标。