试验条件对标准橡胶塑性初值和保持率的影响与分析

通过测试不同厚度的试样和改变相同厚度试样的老化时间及温度来验证和分析试样厚度对塑性初值（P0）、老化条件对塑性保持率（PRI）的影响。试验表明,在其它试验条件不变的情况下,试样厚度偏大塑性初值（P0）也相应偏大,老化时间越长和老化温度越高,老化后的P30和塑性保持率（PRI）就越小。     

秸杆栽培食用菌拮抗菌株的鉴定及混菌发酵条件的优化

从海洋泥样和食用菌发酵料中分离出了32个菌株,从中筛选出了既具有较高的纤维素酶活性又具有对青霉(Penicillium spp)、木霉(Trichoderma spp.)、根霉(Rhizopus)、曲霉(Aspergillus spp)、毛霉(Mucro)较强拮抗能力的W-4、W-10、N-14三个菌株。经鉴定W-4、W-10分别属于放线菌中黄色节杆菌(Arthrobacter flavescens)和石灰壤诺卡氏菌(Nocardia calcarea),N-14属于细菌中的乳酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus lactis)。通过正交试验对上述3个菌株混合发酵条件进行优化,确定在温度35℃、时间36h、pH7.5、装液量60ml/250ml时为最适发酵条件。在此条件下3个菌株混合发酵液纤维素酶活力仍然很高。同时混合发酵液对青霉、曲霉、毛霉、木霉、根霉的拮抗能力分别为单菌株发酵液的1.79倍、1.36倍、1.29倍、1.04倍、1.07倍。     

Optimality Conditions for Nonsmooth Extremum Problems in Topological Vector Spaces

Some new concepts of coneD_s convexity,coneD-s quasiconvexity,cone D-s pseudoconvexity,s right derivative of vector value mapping are proposed;and their related properties are discussed;the optimality necessary conditions and sufficient conditions for constrained extremum problem(VP)involving in cone D-s convex mapping are extablished;the relation between local optimal solution and global optimal solution;as well as the relation between weakly efficient solution and efficient solution for (VP) are derived;the corresponding results generalize the related results of classic convex programming.     

Experimental Study on the Deformation Characteristics of Fine-Sandstone Under the Loading and Unloading Conditions

The deformation characteristics of the fine-sandstone is studied under the loading and unloading conditions at the three different deformation-rates and the two different stress-levels. The experimental results show that there is really the plastic-loop in the deformation curve for the loading deformation curve is different from the unloading deformation curve. But the plastic-loop is nearly unchangeable since the second circulate loading. The residual-deformation is be almost zero since the second circulate loading, and that the slope of the deformation curve increases as the deformation-rate increases, and that the residual-deformation increases as the stress-levels increases.     

The Feasible Control for the Day-operation of the Three-Gorge Cascade Hydropower Station

The feasible control problem is presented for the day-operation of the Three-Gorge Caseade Hydropower Station. The significance of the problem is explained. Basic propetties ofthe problem and the approaches to study it are discussed. Two methfods are given for solving theproblem. which are calculus of variation and linear programming. In the former. the Euler equationwith time-lag and the generalised two-point boundary conditions are obtained and the correspondingpractical implication is interpreted. In the latter. the rationality for the discrete model is exptainedand the computalional details are given for the implement software. some questions which should bepaid much attentfon and the corresponding propeels are prasented based on the numerical results andtheoretical analysis     

Evolvement of Plastic-loop of Fine-sandstone Under the Loading and Unloading Conditions

The deformation characteristics and the plastic-loop of the fine-sandstone is studied under the loading and(unloading) condition at the three different deformation-rates and the two different stress-levels,the results show: 1) There is really the plastic-loop in the deformation curve for the loading deformation curve is different form the unloading deformation curve.But the plastic-loop is nearly unchangeable since the second circulate loading.2) There is different for every imitational parameter between the first deformation curve and the second deformation curve at the different stress-levels and the different deformation-rates,but every imitational parameters become more and more invariable gradually since the second circulate curve.3) With the change of the deformation-rates and stress-levels,the imitational(parameters) will change with it.4) The imitational parameters are different for loading section and unloading section of the fine-sandstone deformation curve at the same circulate curve under the same deformation-rate and stress-level.     

基于气温预报和神经网络的参考作物腾发量预报

采用反向传播人工神经网络(BP-ANN)逼近气象因子-参考作物腾发量ET0函数关系,以天气预报中的最高和最低气温为输入进行短期ET0预报。收集了南京站实测的2010年7月1日至2013年7月7日逐日气象数据和2012年7月1日至2013年6月30日逐日对未来7d的气象预报数据,以最高、最低气温及相应的日序数为3个输入因子,ET0为输出建立一个包含一个隐含层的3层BP网络,以2010年7月1日至2012年6月30日实测气象数据及通过FAO-56PM公式计算的ET0进行网络,以2012年7月1日至2013年6月30日实测气象数据及通过FAO-56PM公式计算的ET0进行网络验证。将2012年7月1日至2013年6月30日逐日对未来7d的气象预报中的最高、最低气温输入训练及验证后的网络,得到2012年7月1日至2013年6月30日逐日对未来7d的ET0预报值,并与FAO-56PM公式计算的ET0值进行比较以验证预报精度。结果表明,预见期1~7d内,预报的ET0和计算的ET0变化趋势基本一致,预报精度随着预见期的增加而降低;平均准确率(±1.5mm/d以内)达88.08%,相关系数为0.77,均方根误差为1.28mm/d,显示出了较高的预报精度。在局部时间段内出现的ET0,PM和预报ET0的较大差别的原因是该时段内的ET0更多地受到除了日最高和最低气温之外的其他因素的影响。提出的方法 ET0预报,随着气象预报准确度的提高,可实现较为精确的ET0预报。     

浅析气象夜间云的观测

随着气象现代化的飞速发展,很多项要素均已进入自动化观测或进入自动化与人工对比观测.云是重要的气象要素之一,且种类繁多,演变复杂,千变万化,云的变化又与天气紧密相连,对天气形势的变化有着极其奥妙的前瞻性和预见性,而夜间云的观测由于受多方面的条件限制,夜间云的准确观测就变成目测项目中最为困难的一个项目.     

新疆夏季行星边界层参数化方案模拟特征研究

行星边界层参数化方案(PBL)对天气气候和大气环境的模拟与预报具有重要影响.通过基于单柱模式(SCM)的乌鲁木齐单点理想实验,以及新疆2019年8月15—18日的一次降水天气过程的模拟检验及诊断分析,研究了YSU、ACM2、BOULAC、GBM、MYJ和QNSE 6种常用的PBL参数化方案模拟的大气比湿、位温等气象要素...     

土壤铅和镉溶出伏安法检测中影响因素及其削弱方法研究进展

溶出伏安法具有分析速度快、成本低、灵敏度高等优点被广泛应用于检测土壤重金属含量,但在检测土壤重金属时,溶出伏安检测精度会受到多方面因素的影响。该文在介绍溶出伏安法工作原理的基础上,从伏安参数、试验条件和土壤物质成分三方面阐述溶出伏安法检测土壤Pb2+和Cd2+为的影响因素,解析各因素的影响机理,归纳影响削弱方法的研究进展。研究结论为：方波脉冲阳极溶出伏安法最常用于检测土壤Pb2+和Cd2+,伏安参数包括脉冲幅值、电压增量和脉冲频率,试验条件包括沉积时间、沉积电压和支持电解质种类及其pH值,土壤成分主要干扰因素包括非目标重金属和有机质。针对伏安参数和试验条件的影响可以设计优化试验有效削弱。针对非目标重金属和有机质的干扰影响,目前研究还没有提出有效的削弱方法。最后,展望了溶出伏安法检测土壤重金属的未来发展方向。