ORACLE数据库的性能调整与优化——以中日合作项目林火监测系统为应用实例

以中日合作项目林火监测系统作为ORACLE数据库系统的应用实例 ,对ORACLE数据库管理系统的性能的调整方法和优化策略进行了介绍和探讨 ,这些实用方法和技术有效地解决了ORACLE数据库管理中的关键问题 ,提高了数据库的存储能力和运行速度。     

遥感与GIS相结合的森林资源信息更新与制图方法研究

目前我国实行的森林经营单位水平上森林资源动态监测主要是通过森林资源规划设计调查 (简称二类调查 )来实现。重点是对森林资源动态、林业经营效果和森林资源监测的综合评价。通常 ,二类调查每 1 0 a复查 1次 ,这种方法所得到的森林资源调查结果可落实到地块 ,也是森林经营单位进行营林生产的重要基础数据 [1 ] 。但是这种常规调查方法也有许多不足之处 ,如 :(1 )复查间隔期长 ,无法及时满足森林经营单位对森林资源变化信息的需求 ;(2 )调查成果多是以报表、文字的形式提交 ,只能建立属性数据库 ,森林资源的空间信息较少通过计算机实现可视…     

辽宁省森林资源Web三维仿真系统的研究与实现

针对辽宁省森林资源Web三维仿真系统需求,提出系统的总体设计方案,利用空间信息三维可视化技术、数据库技术、Web技术等,以森林资源数据库为基础,采用Java和worldwind为平台,研制了森林资源Web三维仿真系统,实现了Web环境下对全省海量空间数据进行直观、逼真、高效的三维显示、浏览查询和统计分析等功能.系统运行情况良好.     

基于SuperMap Objects的森林病虫害遥感监测与预测系统的设计与实现

近年来,我国森林病虫害的发生面积逐年递增,危险性病虫害不断出现.为了保护森林资源,防患于未然,必须及时开展森林病虫害监测与预测工作.以遥感图像为主要数据源,地理信息系统软件SuperMap Objects为二次开发平台,采用面向对象的方法和组件式GIS技术,结合病虫害监测与预测模型,以VB为开发工具进行二次开发,建立了林业病虫害遥感监测与预测系统,并以塞罕坝机械林场遥感数据为例,对本系统进行了测试.结果认为,系统技术先进、具有创新性,具有良好的界面和可操作性,结构合理,信息内容全面.     

Projecting the bird community response resulting from the adoption of shelterbelt agroforestry practices in Eastern Nebraska

Evolving agricultural policies have influenced management practices within agroecosystems, impacting available habitats for many species of wildlife. Enhancing wildlife habitat has become an explicit objective of existing agricultural policy. Thus, there is renewed focus on field borders and the use of shelterbelt agroforestry systems to achieve conservation goals in the Midwest. Two Representative Farms – a 283-ha dryland and 510-ha irrigated farm were created in Saunders County, Nebraska. The Habitat Analysis and Modeling System (HAMS) was used to describe the composition and spatial pattern of the existing farms and surrounding landscape, as well as for the landscapes surrounding selected Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) routes. Simulated land use changes resulting from the implementation of two shelterbelt scenarios, Agricultural and Wildlife, were incorporated on each Representative Farm and surrounding landscape. Landscape variables which influence breeding bird species richness and community composition as determined from BBS routes were measured on simulated farm landscapes. A more heterogeneous landscape results from implementing either scenario. The percent total woods was a significant determinant of bird species richness on the BBS routes and was important in influencing bird communities at the farm- and landscape-level. Other landscape metrics which influenced the bird community composition on BBS routes were woody edge percentages and edge density values. Policies promoting shelterbelts create edge habitats which ultimately favor birds within the Forest-edge/generalist guild while bird species in need of conservation such as grassland-field species would potentially be negatively affected. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

湖南省主要经济林树种管理信息系统的研制

湖南省是经济林主产区，产量高、品质优、但由于信息不流通而无法发挥其应有的效益。本研究将湖南省主要经济林树种划分为五大类，每类选取3～5个特色树种作为研究对象，以Powerbuilder7.0为开发工具，以Oracle 8.0作为数据库管理软件，研究开发出基于Client/Server计算机网络体系结构、依托校园网提供INTERNET服务的经济林管理信息系统。     

The Application of GIS in Small Watershed Classification in Loess Plateau

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Retention of native vegetation within the plantation matrix improves its conservation value for a generalist woodpecker

The suitability of plantation monocultures for the conservation of forest animals is an issue under continous debate. The adaptability of forest dwellers and the forest management regime seem to play key roles. In this study, I investigated the habitat selection of a generalist bird, the great spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopos major), within a pine (Pine spp.) monoculture, as well as the importance of the native habitat features within the pine matrix for the species’ conservation. I compared 52 plots with woodpecker presence against 121 plots where the species was absent, as well as 68 nest-trees against 90 random ones. Regression analyses were used to investigate the habitat attributes involved in the habitat selection. Although the great spotted woodpecker is considered a generalist forest dweller, it shows a marked habitat selection. Based on presence/absence records, the woodpecker prefers well-forested patches with high levels of tree diversity and with good coverage of a secondary species such as the strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo). To excavate their nests, woodpeckers select large trees in patches where other trees are also larger, rejecting patches with a high number of small trees. The most striking conclusion from this work is the preference shown for native trees, especially Portuguese oaks (Quercus faginea), as nest-trees. This is noteworthy because native trees are smaller and they are surrounded by smaller trees than pines. These findings support that woodpecker conservation benefits from an increase of habitat heterogeneity, particularly by the retention of native woodland patches within the plantation matrix.     

基于遥感影像的昆明中心城区绿地信息提取

以昆明中心城区遥感影像为研究数据,采用基于面向对象分类的研究方法,按照监督分类的思想,将地物分为城市绿地、林地、裸地、水体、建筑和道路6种类型,运用支持向量机的分类器对绿地信息进行提取,并根据总体分类精度和kappa系数的大小对分类结果进行验证,结果表明:城市绿地信息提取精度良好,符合城市绿地调查的精度标准,认为此种绿地信息提取方法值得推广运用。     

地理信息系统翻转课堂教学改革与实践

以城乡规划专业GIS课程为例,分析了GIS课程的教学改革实践与效果。结果表明:此教学方法对地理信息系统的教学效果提高具有有效性,课堂应以“翻转”的有效教学设计为前提,以学生自主意愿的课堂教活动组织为基础,以精细化制作的教学视频为保障,以教师教学创新素养为关键。