Pt菌剂对尾叶桉苗木抗旱性的影响

对尾叶桉苗木采用Pt菌剂(Pisolithus tinctorius)和水分胁迫处理,研究不同处理对该苗木生长及营养物质积累方面抗旱性的影响.结果表明:接种菌剂后水分胁迫条件比常规供水更利于苗高生长.无论常规供水还是水分胁迫条件下,接种菌剂10 g地径增长量都最大,高Pt菌剂施用量对地径增长量有一定的抑制作用.菌剂处理能提高苗木生长质量.常规条件下,菌剂5 g处理苗木质量最高;胁迫条件下,菌剂10 g处理苗木质量最高,而对总体抗旱性而言,菌剂15 g处理效果最好.     

在典型叙事中弘扬时代与民族精神——何建明报告文学创作的当代意义

何建明是当今影响最大的报告文学代表作家之一。他报告文学创作的价值与意义,在于对主旋律与多样化的准确把握与成功探索。这一点,主要体现在时代主题、民族精神、典型叙事与史诗建构等方面。具体来说,又表现出选题的重大与题材的开拓、时代主题与民族精神的和谐统一、歌颂与批判的有机融合、传统精义与典型叙事的史诗建构,等等。但其创作在取得辉煌成就的同时也提出了某些值得思考的问题。"何建明现象"再次说明：报告文学等纪实文学的学术关怀与理论建构势在必行。     

36h睡眠剥夺对雄性小鼠性行为及精子质量的影响

[目的]研究睡眠剥夺对雄性小鼠性行为及精子活性的影响。[方法]用轻柔刺激法睡眠剥夺昆明雄性小鼠36 h,观察其性行为,通过镜检计算精子活率和精子畸变率。[结果]36 h睡眠剥夺后,捕捉潜伏期极显著升高(P0.01),捕捉次数极显著降低(P0.01)。36 h睡眠剥夺后精子活率显著降低(P0.05),精子畸变率极显著升高(P0.01)。[结论]36 h睡眠剥夺可对雄性小鼠性行为及精子质量产生明显不良影响。     

Trichoderma Biocontrol of Colletotrichum acutatum and Botrytis cinerea and Survival in Strawberry

Trichoderma isolates are known for their ability to control plant pathogens. It has been shown that various isolates of Trichoderma, including T. harzianum isolate T-39 from the commercial biological control product TRICHODEX, were effective in controlling anthracnose (Colletotrichum acutatum) and grey mould (Botrytis cinerea) in strawberry, under controlled and greenhouse conditions. Three selected Trichoderma strains, namely T-39, T-161 and T-166, were evaluated in large-scale experiments using different timing application and dosage rates for reduction of strawberry anthracnose and grey mould. All possible combinations of single, double or triple mixtures of Trichoderma strains, applied at 0.4% and 0.8% concentrations, and at 7 or 10 day intervals, resulted in reduction of anthracnose severity; the higher concentration (0.8%) was superior in control whether used with single isolates or as a result of combined application of two isolates, each at 0.4%. Only a few treatments resulted in significant control of grey mould. Isolates T-39 applied at 0.4% at 2 day intervals, T-166 at 0.4%, or T-161 combined with T-39 at 0.4% were as effective as the chemical fungicide fenhexamide. The survival dynamics of populations of the Trichoderma isolates (T-39, T-105, T-161 and T-166) applied separately was determined by dilution plating and isolates in the mixtures calculated according to the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using repeat motif primers. The biocontrol isolates were identified to the respective species T. harzianum (T-39), T. hamatum (T-105), T. atroviride (T-161) and T. longibrachiatum (T-166), according to internal transcribed spacer sequence analysis.     

灌水次数和施磷量对冬小麦养分积累量和产量的影响

为给利用灌水和施肥措施调控小麦生长提供科学依据,在大田环境条件下,分别于2007-2008年（丰水年）在保定市、2008-2009年（平水年）在藁城市用当地冬小麦推广品种（河农822、冀5265）进行二因素裂区试验,研究了灌水次数（保证底墒的基础上设全生育期灌0、1、2和3次水3个灌水水平,分别用W0、W1、W2和W3表示）和施磷量（设0、75和150 kg·hm^-2 3个施磷水平,分别用P0、P1和P2表示）对小麦养分积累量和产量的影响。结果表明,灌水次数和施磷量对小麦植株的氮、磷、钾积累都有促进作用,但促进效果受降水年型的影响。丰水年灌水次数对氮、磷、钾积累量的影响较小,平水年灌水次数对氮、磷积累量的影响显著,氮、磷积累量在生育中后期都随灌水次数增加而提高,钾素积累量各生育时期受灌水影响不一致。丰水年施磷对氮素积累量影响不明显,磷素积累量随施磷量增加而增加,钾素积累量生育前中期以P0和P2较高,后期以P2较高;平水年,氮素和钾素积累量均随施磷量增加而增加,而磷素积累量受施磷量影响较小。适当灌溉和施磷可提高小麦养分生产效率、氮素和磷素收获指数,对钾素收获指数的影响较小。2年中灌水处理（W1、W2、W3）的籽粒产量均显著高于不灌水处理W0,但2007-2008年W1产量最高,2008-2009年则表现为W3>W2>W1。2年中P1和P2的籽粒产量均显著高于P0,但2007-2008年P1产量最高,2008-2009年P2产量最高,显示出磷素与水分的互补作用,即“水少磷多”或“水多磷少”都可以实现高产。根据研究结果,在河北平原常年降水（小麦全生育期100 mm左右）条件下全生育期灌溉2次,施P₂O₅ 150 kg·hm^-2;丰水年（200 mm左右）全生育期灌溉1次,施P₂O₅ 75 kg·hm^-2,可以取得较理想的产量。     

蜡梅花茶窨制工艺流程的初步研究

采用2因素完全随机试验设计对蜡梅花茶窨制工艺进行试验研究,对所得数据利用DPS统计软件进行结果分析,得出配花总量、窨次以及它们的交互作用对蜡梅花茶品质都有显著的影响;多重比较(LSD法)得出配花总量为76kg/100kg、2窨次的花茶感官审评得分最高,与其他处理的差异达到极显著。     

不同挤奶次数对奶牛产奶量的影响分析

[目的]分析增加挤奶次数对不同阶段泌乳奶牛产奶量的提升,找出最佳挤奶管理方案,为有效提升牧场效益提供理论依据。[方法]将泌乳牛只随机分为两组,保证不同胎次、不同产犊阶段平均泌乳量相当,分组后两组分别保持3次挤奶和4次挤奶1个月。对牧场不同挤奶次数奶牛泌乳量进行统计汇总整理分析。[结果]增加挤奶次数能有效提高奶牛泌乳量（P<0.05）;泌乳量高于45 kg奶牛增加挤奶次数对产奶量的提升,显著高于泌乳量低于45 kg的奶量（P<0.05）;增加挤奶次数显著提升头胎牛产量2.33 kg,二胎牛产量2.31 kg,三胎及以上牛奶产量2.78 kg(P<0.05);不同泌乳阶段,增加挤奶次数能有效提高泌乳初期及产奶高峰期的产奶量（P<0.05）。[结论]增加挤奶次数能有效提升奶牛泌乳量,对高产及处于产奶初期及高峰期的奶牛提升效果最佳。     

微型多功能洒水车改装设计

研制了适合机关事业单位，学校和乡村等内部使用的机动灵活的微型多功能洒水车，介绍了该微型洒不库各系统的改装设计思路。     

柱花草刈割次数与生产性能的关系

对格拉姆柱花草的刈割次数与生产性能关系进行了两年时间的研究,结果表明:不同年度、不同次数刈割对生产性能影响很大,当年刈割一次比刈割两次产草量增长44%—68%,粗蛋白产量增长40%左右;第二年刈割两次比刈割一次产草量增长4.8%,粗蛋白产量增长52%,而比刈割三次产草量增长17%,粗蛋白产量增长9%。     

The Effects of Trypanosomosis on Sperm Morphology in Zebu×Friesian Crossbred Bulls

Detailed studies of sperm morphological abnormalities were carried out on 12 Zebu x Friesian crossbred bulls used in a study of the effects of trypanosomosis. Four bulls were infected with T. vivax, another four with T. congolense, while four served as controls. The infected bulls developed chronic trypanosomosis. All the bulls initially had very low sperm morphological abnormalities that were within acceptable limits for fertile animals. After infection there was a rapid and progressive increase in all sperm abnormalities. Spermatozoa of infected bulls were highly deformed with multiple morphological defects. Mean percentage pre-infection baseline values prior to infection for acrosomal, sperm-head, detached heads, proximal cytoplasmic droplets, distal cytoplasmic droplets, sperm-tail, midpiece and total sperm morphological defects ranged between 0.1 +/- 0.1 for acrosomal and 8.3 +/- 3.2 for total morphological abnormalities in the semen of the bulls. All the infected bulls developed sperm morphological abnormalities of more than a mean of 40.0% from the 4th week after infection until the end of the investigation and were considered unfit for breeding. At 7 weeks post-infection (PI) until the end of the study (12 weeks PI), the controls had a mean of less than 5% sperm morphological defects, while the infected bulls had 100%. Mean percentage values of sperm morphological defects throughout the duration of the investigation for control bulls were low and within the normal range for fertile bulls. These values differed significantly (p<0.001) from the elevated values of the infected bulls. The results show that trypanosomosis due to T. vivax or T. congolense infection can render Zebu x Friesian crossbred bulls unfit for breeding within a very short time. The resultant infertility could be of economic importance in trypanosomosis-endemic sub-Saharan Africa where Zebu x Friesian crossbred bulls are kept.