广西冬春西瓜嫁接苗商品化生产关键技术措施

通过十多年西瓜嫁接苗生产实践,总结出一套广西冬春西瓜嫁接苗商品化生产关键技术措施,主要是:选择优质的种子及基质;简易育苗大棚、温箱和具有加温设施育苗床构建;适期播种,采用小苗顶插接法适时嫁接;加强通风降湿、降温炼苗和苗床管理;加强药物防治病虫害;长期极度低温天气增加加温措施.     

建筑中的节水技术

论述了节水的背景，节水的含义，探讨了建筑中的节水技术，并提出了今后节水的发展方向。     

石蛙养殖中几个关键时期的饲养管理技术

通过几年的实践，总结石蛙养殖中几个关键时期的驯养经验。在卵孵化期，特别要注意水质清新无污染，水中的溶氧量高。在蝌蚪生长期，必须关注饮食卫生，不要饲喂长时间煮过的饲料。在幼蛙生长期，对水质的要求十分严格，一定要按幼蛙身体大小饲喂不同大小的蚯蚓，特别是刚变态的幼蛙，最好饲喂小蝇蛆。     

流动改进剂降低含水原油转相点试验

针对大庆油田地面集输管路中含水原油随含水率的增大导致其流变性发生的情况,开展了在室内水平管试验装置中向含水原油中加入DODE系列流动改进剂后的流动试验,探讨了DODE系列流动改进剂对含水率与表观粘度之间关系的影响规律.试验结果表明,含水原油中添加DODE系列流动改进剂可以使含水原油的转相点提前到35%～45%之间,提前形成具有适度稳定性的水包油型原油乳状液,显著降低了原油的表观粘度,改善了原油的低温流动性能,并且节能降耗.     

绵羊宿营法防除天然草地灌木杂草研究Ⅲ新鲜羊粪尿对土壤和植物细胞形态结构及生理的影响

采用盆栽试验研究了绵羊新鲜粪尿对植物组织水势、细胞膜透性和细胞形态结构的影响。结果表明 ,在土壤含水量 30 %左右 ,植物无水分胁迫的可能时 ,各处理植物组织水势呈先上升后下降的趋势 ,而对照则呈持续上升趋势。说明绵羊新鲜粪尿加入土壤后 ,土壤溶液浓度升高 ,影响了植物水势。绵羊新鲜粪尿对植物生理影响表明 ,叶片细胞膜透性在 UD处理与对照差异显著 (P<0 .0 5) ,U和 D单处理与对照间差异不显著 (P>0 .0 5)。根细胞膜透性 UD和 U处理与对照差异显著 (P<0 .0 5)。D处理与对照无显著差异 (P>0 .0 5)。植物细胞形态结构显示 ,各处理均无质壁分离现象 ,但 U和 UD处理的皮层细胞出现叶绿体 ,这可能是尿中尿素水解释放的游离氨被植物吸收所致     

Effect of aluminum uptake on growth and enzyme activity in Pisum sativum var. ‘Alaska’ and ‘Little Marvel’

It is usually assumed that plant tissue responses to nutritional elements are due to specific genetic differences that may exist either between inbred or closely related species. Little Marvel (dwarf) and Alaska (normal) varieties of 14‐day old pea seedlings were treated with four different concentrations of Al‐containing nutrient solution (0.0mM, 0.2mM, 0.6mM and distilled H₂O), prior to being exposed for 14 days to either DARK, LIGHT, or UV. Selected tissues (root tip, main root, main stem and proximal stem) were bioassayed for peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzyme activities, fresh wt vs. dry wt, water uptake and stem growth. The present study suggests that Little Marvel and Alaska pea tissue responds to high toxicity levels of Al by demonstrating an enhancement of enzymic activity. Tissue weight, growth and water uptake also show differential tissue specificity in both Little Marvel and Alaska tissue, in terms of Al toxicity response, given a particular external exposure.     

Effects of Salinity and Soil–Drying on Radiation Use Efficiency,Water Productivity and Yield of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)

Drought and salinity reduce crop productivity especially in arid and semi‐arid regions, and finding a crop which produces yield under these adverse conditions is therefore very important. Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is such a crop. Hence, a study was conducted in field lysimeters to investigate the effect of salinity and soil–drying on radiation use efficiency, yield and water productivity of quinoa. Quinoa was exposed to five salinity levels (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 dS m^?1) of irrigation water from flower initiation onwards. During the seed‐filling phase the five salinity levels were divided between two levels of irrigation, either full irrigation (FI; 95 % of field capacity) or non‐irrigated progressive drought (PD). The intercepted photosynthetically active radiation was hardly affected by salinity (8 % decrease at 40 dS m^?1) and did not differ significantly between FI and PD. Radiation use efficiency of dry matter was similar between salinity levels and between FI and PD. In line with this, no negative effect of severe salinity and soil–drying on total dry matter could be detected. Salinity levels between 20 and 40 dS m^?1 significantly reduced the seed yield by ca. 33 % compared with 0 dS m^?1 treatment owing to a 15–30 % reduction in seed number per m², whereas the seed yield of PD was 8 % less than FI. Consequently, nitrogen harvested in seed was decreased by salinity although the total N‐uptake was increased. Both salinity and drought increased the water productivity of dry matter. Increasing salinity from 20 to 40 dS m^?1 did not further decrease the seed number per m² and seed yield, which shows that quinoa (cv. Titicaca) acclimated to saline conditions when exposed to salinity levels between 20 and 40 dS m^?1.     

基于MCGS的马铃薯淀粉废水蒸发回收工艺的上位机监控系统设计

介绍MCGS工控组态软件的系统结构和功能,并结合宁夏南部山区马铃薯淀粉生产废水处理工艺,构建了其上位机监控系统,扩展了MCGS的应用领域。     

Annual weather variability and its influence on the population dynamics of Calanus finmarchicus

The reaction of the population of Calanus finmarchicus to relatively extreme annual cycles of weather in the North Sea was investigated by one-dimensional model simulations. A population dynamics model for C. finmarchicus was coupled with a physical and a biological upper-layer model for phosphate, phytoplankton and detritus to simulate the development of the successive stages of C. finmarchicus. Observed annual weather cycles were used to drive the physical water column model, the results of which were then input to the plankton model. The simulations yielded the temporal development of all stages of C. finmarchicus over an annual cycle in terms of numbers and weights. Compared with the results reported for 1984 by Carlotti and Radach (1996; Limnol . Oceanogr . 41: 522–539), it appears that the temporal range for the occurrence of the peak concentration of C. finmarchicus may be 2 weeks in the northern North Sea. The simulated variability is in accordance with observations. Years with more continuous primary production such as the year 1984, which was cloudy and windy during the summer, may then provide the optimum conditions with respect to producing an abundance of zooplankton during the following year.