基于植株类农作物根施技术产品的开发

工厂化农业是一种受控农业,对作物湿度的变化要求比自然农业大得多。为此,在市场调研的基础上,对现有可控设施环境内植株类农作物根施水肥药等技术中的同类型产品进行了对比研究,运用活塞连杆机构设计并开发了一种新型农用机具,使其密封、安全、通用性能更趋合理。其不但制造成本低廉,而且操作简便,经济实用,具有良好的推广前景。     

利用花粉管通道技术将抗虫基因导入大豆的研究

利用花粉管通道技术，将Bt基因导入大豆品种。对132株D1代植株进行PCR检测，得到5株阳性转化植株。再将获得的5株D1代阳性转化植株的种子放在温箱中发芽，提取DNA进行检测，结果得到2株D2代稳定遗传的阳性转化植株。用X－Glue溶液对转Bt基因132株D1代植株进行检测，结果没有发现阳性反应。另外，本实验还采用荧光制片方法从植物组织结构的角度证明利用花粉管通道方法导入外源基因的可行性，并提出花粉管通道方法操作的最佳时间为授粉后6－20h。     

Pollen tube growth in crosses between Porteresia coarctata and Oryza sativa

Summary Comparative study with fluorescence microscopy revealed that the pollen tubes of the self-pollinated rice variety BR-9 reached the ovary within 75 min after pollination. In P. coarctata it took 150 min. In the cross between P. coarctata and BR-9, pollen tubes reached the ovary in 165 min but seed setting was not observed. In the cross between BR-9 and P. coarctata, small and deformed pollen tubes were formed and they failed to grow through the stylodium.     

Effects of gamma irradiation on in vitro pollen germination of different Cucumis species

Summary Pollen grains of 14 Cucumis accessions were irradiated with 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4 kGy acute gamma rays and germinated in vitro directly afterwards. Pollen germination was significantly reduced by increasing irradiation dose for all species, except C. melo var. agrestis. Pollen tube growth was generally reduced likewise. Pollen of two C. anguria subspecies was most sensitive to irradiation. Sensitivity of the pollen with respect to pollen tube growth in relation to irradiation dose was inversely related to total DNA amount per nucleus. In vitro germination was not related to DNA amount per nucleus. Results show that the examined Cucumis species, especially C. melo var. agrestis, are sufficiently resistant to irradiation to be used as donor species for in vivo egg cell transformation of the cucumber.     

COMPUTING THE VORTEX ELECTRIC FIELD BY THE SUPERIMPQSITION METHOD OF THE ELEMENT OF MAGNETIC FIELD

In this paper, the vortex electric field is computed. It is caused by magnetic field subject to two dimensional change. This problem can't be solved in general physics. Two examples are listed.     

Evaluation of the High-temperature Tolerance of Floral Organs in Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

The development of floral organs in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is related to squares and yield formation. The germination percentage of pollen grains, the rate of anther dehiscence and the length of filaments and styles of 11 upland cotton cultivars were determined before and after high-temperature periods by pollen grain culture in vitro. We aimed to analyze the effects of high temperature on pollen germination in styles and on stamen characteristics. The number of pollen tubes in styles and cytological structure of anthers were also tested under simulation of high temperatures by paraffin sectioning of cotton anthers. We found that the germination percentage of pollen grains and rate of anthers dehiscence of Ke 1053, Simian 4 and the male parent of Xiangzamian 3 were greater than those of other cultivars under high field temperatures. There was no significant difference in the length ratio of filaments and styles and filaments length between 11 upland cotton cultivars under high field temperatures. After high-temperature periods in the field, the difference in pollen germination percentage, anther dehiscence, style and filament length between the 11 cultivars was not significant. The number of pollen tubes in Ke 1053, Simian 4 and the male parent of Xiangzamian 3 was greater than those of other cultivars under the high simulation temperature. The number of deformed pollen grains in anthers was also less than those of other cultivars. These results were consistent with the field conditions. This experiment indicated that germination percentage of pollen grains and the rate of anther dehiscence are useful as indicators for screening high-temperature tolerance. The length ratio of filaments and styles and the filaments length could be used as parameters for screening high-temperature tolerance cultivars.     

基于粒子图像测速技术的液力变矩器涡轮内流场测试与分析

液力变矩器是自动变速器的主要部件,其在乘用车、载重汽车、公共汽车和机车上的应用广泛。液力变矩器内部流动特性影响其外部性能,为了深入研究其内部流动特性,基于粒子图像测速(particle image velocimetry,PIV)技术对液力变矩器涡轮内流场进行试验研究。采用帧频为1 000帧/s的CCD高速相机,在不同工况下(输入与输出的转速比分别取0、0.3、0.5、0.7)采集不同粒子直径、不同粒子浓度下的流动图像,经过图像预处理,对连续两帧图像进行互相关计算,获得涡轮径向切面的速度场和涡量场。通过对流场分布结构和流动区域上复杂流动现象的对比分析,发现投入流场中粒子浓度越高(1 500mL蒸馏水中投入2.4 g粒子)、粒子直径越小(10μm)时,识别并提取流动区域上的流动参数越丰富,流速场和涡量场信息越可靠。液力变矩器内部高梯度流场分布结构和非均匀流速场分布导致出现多尺度涡旋和反向流等复杂流动现象,造成液力变矩器内部流动能量损耗,随转速比提高,涡轮流场结构趋于规律,能耗逐渐降低。该文试验测量与分析结果对于液力变矩器结构优化和性能提升提供了参考。     

杉木花粉和花粉管中微丝骨架

花粉萌发、花粉管生长是植物有性生殖的重要环节,包含许多复杂的生理过程。微丝是细胞骨架重要组成成分,很多研究表明微丝在花粉萌发、花粉管内原生质流动(Justus et al.,2004)、花粉管顶端生长(Li et al.,2001)等方面具有重要的作用。花粉管     

热脱附-气相色谱质谱法测定挥发性有机化合物的研究

运用自动热脱附仪和气相色谱/质谱联用技术,通过对木制品中释放的多种挥发性有机物(VOCs)进行测试,得到较优的测试处理条件.研究发现,该方法的重现性和稳定性较好;较低的采样流速,可有效的降低苯在Tenax TA吸附管中的穿透行为.