玉米重组近交系的高质分析

本研究以自交系掖478、丹340及其衍生的345个F_(3:4)重组自交系(RIL)为材料,对该群体穗长(EL)、穗粗(ED)、穗行数(KRE)、行粒数(KRN)、干籽重(DSW)、百粒重(100-GW)等6个重要穗部性状进行方差、相关性分析,正态性检测。结果表明:除100-GW外,其他各性状在345个家系间存在真实的遗传差异;F_(3:4)家系的6个主要穗部性状均表现出数量遗传特点,其平均值接近双亲平均值,有一定数量的双向超亲家系,是一个适合遗传作图的理想群体。     

SYBR Green I实时荧光PCR鉴定检测转基因油菜RT73品系

根据转基因油菜RT73品系转入的外源基因质粒图谱,设计品系鉴定的特异性引物,进行SYBR!Green I实时PCR检测,建立转基因油菜品系鉴定的SYBR Green I实时PCR方法。同时针对油菜FatA基因设计出内源基因。结果表明：应用实时PCR技术,利用SYBR Green I染料能选择性结合双链DNA的特点,可检测到RT73品系特异性靶序列扩增所产生的荧光信号,且通过溶解曲线确定其熔点值为80.2（±0.5）。SYBR Green I实时PCR能通过溶解曲线有效地区分特异性产物、非特异性产物以及引物二聚体,是鉴定转基因油菜RT73品系的新方法。     

Research note: Grazing‐index method procedures of vegetation surveys

Abstract

In the past, veld condition in the Karoo was assessed using the ecological index method. This recently changed to the grazing‐index method on account of the differently estimated grazing‐index values being used. The principles governing the method of survey remain the same. The method employs canopy‐spread‐cover strikes to record the species composition of different sites. By appropriate management of these line‐point data, different sites can be compared with one another by employing the Z‐index of agreement (similarity).     

生育进程相近的谷子杂交种两系亲本的选育及其杂种优势分析

利用“两系”进行谷子杂种优势制杂交种时,不育系抽穗期和开花期常较恢复系早,二者只有错期播种才可在花期相遇并杂交结实。通过改良现有不育系与抗除草剂恢复系抽穗期和开花期,选育出符合谷子“两系”改良育种目标的优良高度雄性不育系3个（Y1A、Y2A和Y3A）及抗除草剂拿捕净恢复系5个（K17-1、K18-49、K18-54、K18-62和K18-70）,按NCII不完全双列杂交组配15个组合,分析亲本和杂交组合配合力、超亲优势及超标优势,预测其杂种优势。结果显示,亲本的配合力各不相同,有不同优良农艺性状选择方面利用价值;杂交组合间各性状超亲优势和超标优势表现存在差异,但杂种优势无关联、无规律性,分析预测亲本存在杂种优势。同时,“两系”亲本各自性状表现优良,选出的杂交组合Y3A×K18-49具有强杂种优势,可作为苗头杂交种继续进行杂种优势育种。本研究结果为谷子杂交种制种提供了可同期播种的“两系”亲本及苗头优良杂交种,简化了谷子杂交制种环节。     

Molecular Mapping of Sterility QTLs qSS-3, qSS-6a and qSS-7 as Single Mendelian Factors via NIL strategy

Hybrid sterility between Oryza glaberrima and O. sativa seriously hampers the introgression of favorable genes from each other. In order to further understand this issue, identification and isolation of hybrid sterility QTLs as single Mendelian factors are an effective strategy. A genetic map was constructed using a BC₁F₁ population derived from a cross between an O. sativa japonica cultivar and an O. glaberrima accession. Four main-effect QTLs for pollen sterility were detected in the BC₁F₁. Five BC₈F₁ advanced backcross populations were developed via successive backcrosses based on phenotype and molecular selections. The BC₈F₁ populations showed bimodal distribution for pollen fertility and could be classified into semi-sterile and fertile types, fitting single Mendilian factor inheritance ratios. Three QTLs detected in the BC₁F₁ corresponding to qSS-3, qSS-6a and qSS-7 were mapped on chromosomes 6, 3 and 7, respectively, as single Mendilian factors.     

优良玉米杂交种植株性状杂种优势及其与亲本自交系的相关分析

以7个优良玉米杂交种及其亲本自交系为材料,研究了株高、穗位高、顶高、顶高/株高、穗上叶片数、雄穗长、雄穗分枝数、叶夹角、叶向值、叶面积、气生根层数、气生根数目、茎粗13个植株性状的表现、杂种优势及杂交种与双亲的相关性。结果表明:杂交种和自交系间各性状均存在显著差异;不同杂交种及不同性状的中亲优势(MH)和超高亲优势(HH)均存在差异,株高、穗位高、顶高、叶面积、雄穗长、茎粗、夹角、穗上叶片数、雄穗分枝数等杂种优势较大,顶高/株高、叶向值、气生根层数、气生根数等杂种优势较小;顶高、顶高/株高和穗上叶片数表现为杂交种与父本呈显著或极显著正相关;雄穗长和叶面积表现为杂交种与母本呈显著正相关;顶高、雄穗分枝数、叶夹角和叶面积表现为杂交种与中亲值呈显著或极显著正相关。     

Mining Applicable Elite Alleles of Growth Duration, Plant Height and Panicle Number per Plant by Conditional QTL Mapping in Japonica Rice

Unconditional and conditional QTL mapping were conducted for growth duration (GD), plant height (PH) and effective panicle number per plant (PN) using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between two japonica rice varieties Xiushui 79 and C Bao. The RIL population consisted of 254 lines was planted in two environments, Nanjing and Sihong, Jiangsu Province, China. Results showed that additive effects were major in all of QTLs for GD, PH and PN detected by the two methods, and the e...     

In vitro studies on feline panleucopaenia virus. Standardisation of haemagglutination-inhibition test for feline panleucopaenia virus antibody

Standardised procedure for obtaining reproducible haemagglutination-inhibition results for FPV antibody which correlate with serum-neutralization titres was described. Optimal conditions were found to be Alsevers anticoagulant, PBS/0.05% BSA (pH 6.8) as buffer, especially washed round bottom microplates, determination of maximally sensitive porcine erythrocytes, use of reproducible erythrocyte concentrations, inactivation of serum samples at 56 degrees C for 30 min and serum treatment with koalin pH 9.0. The concentration of erythrocyte used for estimation of haemagglutination units in H1 test should not differ from that used as indicator in the test. Predilution of serum beyond 1:4 associated with false results. Reproducible method for removing natural agglutinins in serum by adsorption with erythrocytes was described.     

Development and Identification of Introgression Lines from Cross of Oryza sativa and Oryza minuta

Introgression line population is effectively used in mapping quantitative trait loci(QTLs),identifying favorable genes,discovering hidden genetic variation,evaluating the action or interaction of QTLs in multiple conditions and providing the favorable experimental materials for plant breeding and genetic research.In this study,an advanced backcross and consecutive selfing strategy was used to develop introgression lines(ILs),which derived from an accession of Oryza minuta(accession No.101133) with BBCC genome,as the donor,and an elite indica cultivar IR24(O.sativa),as the recipient.Introgression segments from O.minuta were screened using 164 polymorphic simple sequence repeat(SSR) markers in the genome of each IL.Introgressed segments carried by 131 ILs covered the whole O.sativa genome.The average number of homozygous O.minuta segments per introgression line was about 9.99.The average length of introgressed segments was approximate 14.78 cM,and about 79.64% of these segments had sizes less than 20 cM.In the genome of each introgression line,the O.minuta chromosomal segments harbored chromosomal fragments of O.sativa ranging from 1.15% to 27.6%,with an overall average of 8.57%.At each locus,the ratio of substitution of O.minuta alleles had a range of 1.5% 25.2%,with an average of 8.3%.Based on the evaluation of the phenotype of these ILs,a wide range of alterations in morphological and yield-related traits were found.After inoculation,ILs 41,11 and 7 showed high resistance to bacterial blight,brown planthopper and whitebacked planthopper,respectively.These O.minuta-O.sativa ILs will serve as genetic materials for identifying and using favorable genes from O.minuta.