鸡传染性支气管炎病毒肾型毒株血凝特性的研究

本文对鸡传染性支气管炎病毒（ＩＢＶ）澳大利亚Ｔ株和分离的四株肾型毒株（ＢＪ＿（９３０１）、ＢＪ＿（９３０２）、ＴＪ＿（９３０１）、ＨＮ＿（９３０１）株）的血凝特性进行了系统研究。结果表明ＩＢＶ供试毒株经１～２％胰蛋白酶处理后，能凝集鸡和小鼠红细胞，同一毒株对两种红细胞的凝集价相近，且均能被ＩＢＶ澳大利亚Ｔ株血清所抑制。处理后的ＩＢＶ对鸡红细胞的血凝以缓冲液浓度０．０１～０．０５ＭｐＨ６．０～８．４为宜，对反应温度及稀释液种类无严格要求。ＩＢＶ的血凝活性能耐受３７℃２３天、５６℃１２小时、８０℃１．５小时，但在－３０℃、４℃和室温下保存２个月后，绝大部分丧失血凝活性。ＩＢＶ经０．２％甲醛、０．２％脱氧胆酸钠、２％硼氢化钠、０．０１Ｍ高碘酸钠３７℃灭活２４小时，仍能保持其血凝活性。从ＩＢＶ的血凝活性可被过量胰蛋白酶破坏和氯仿灭活，推断该血凝素可能是由脂质和蛋白质组成。     

伪狂犬病病毒鄂A株TK基因的克隆及其鉴定

合成了 １ 对能对伪狂犬病病毒（ Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｒａｂｉｅｓ ｖｉｒｕｓ, Ｐ Ｒ Ｖ） Ｔ Ｋ（ｔｈｙｍ ｉｄｉｎｅ ｋｉｎａｓｅ）基因＋ １１９～＋ １ ０７１区进行特异扩增的引物,用猪 Ｐ Ｒ Ｖ 鄂 Ａ 株细胞培养物提取的基因组作模板,扩增出 ９５３ ｂｐ 长的片段,用地高辛标记该片段作探针,通过 Ｓｏｕｔｈ ｅｒｎ 杂交,从克隆有 Ｐ Ｒ Ｖ 鄂 Ａ 株的 Ｂａｍ Ｈ Ｉ片段的重组质粒中钓出含 Ｔ Ｋ 基因的重组质粒 ｐ Ｓ Ｔ Ｋ。对 ｐ Ｓ Ｔ Ｋ 进行酶切分析,绘制了含 Ｔ Ｋ 基因的 Ｂａｍ Ｈ Ｉ片段的图谱,通过测序得出了 Ｔ Ｋ 基因的全序列。将该序列与 Ｐ Ｒ Ｖ Ｎ Ｉ Ａ３ 株 Ｔ Ｋ 基因进行比较,发现鄂 Ａ 株的 Ｔ Ｋ 基因存在变异。     

IMC10200株ALV-J实验诱发禽骨髓性白血病的研究

对分离自肉种鸡群亚临床感染的J亚群禽白血病病毒IMC1o200株进行了实验感染诱发禽骨髓性白血病的病理学研究.IMC10200株J亚群禽白血病病毒尿囊腔接种11日龄肉鸡胚和SPF蛋鸡胚,孵出后跟踪观察.9周龄时随机抽检感染鸡,感染肉鸡特异引物PCR检测全部为阳性;组织病理学观察感染鸡无明显病变.至21周龄时感染肉鸡出现第一例典型骨髓性白血病病例;感染SPF蛋鸡未见明显J亚群禽白血病相关病变.     

Efficacy of strain RB51 vaccine in protecting infection and vertical transmission against Brucella abortus in Sprague-Dawley rats

Immunizing animals in the wild against Brucella (B.) abortus is essential to control bovine brucellosis because cattle can get the disease through close contact with infected wildlife. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the effectiveness of the B. abortus strain RB51 vaccine in protecting infection as well as vertical transmission in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats against B. abortus biotype 1. Virgin female SD rats (n = 48) two months of age were divided into two groups: one group (n = 24) received RB51 vaccine intraperitoneally with 3 × 10¹⁰ colony forming units (CFU) and the other group (n = 24) was used as non-vaccinated control. Non-vaccinated and RB51-vaccinated rats were challenged with 1.5 × 10⁹ CFU of virulent B. abortus biotype 1 six weeks after vaccination. Three weeks after challenge, all rats were bred. Verification of RB51-vaccine induced protection in SD rats was determined by bacteriological, serological and molecular screening of maternal and fetal tissues at necropsy. The RB51 vaccine elicited 81.25% protection in SD rats against infection with B. abortus biotype 1. Offspring from rats vaccinated with RB51 had a decreased (p < 0.05) prevalence of vertical transmission of B. abortus biotype 1 compared to the offspring from non-vaccinated rats (20.23% and 87.50%, respectively). This is the first report of RB51 vaccination efficacy against the vertical transmission of B. abortus in the SD rat model.     

鸡包涵体肝炎病毒山西株的分离与鉴定

为了确诊山西某鸡场疑似鸡包涵体肝炎的的病例,本研究进行了鸡包涵体肝炎病毒的分离鉴定。将病死鸡肝脏研磨,经卵黄囊途径接种6日龄SPF鸡胚,成功获得1株病毒;并经过鸡胚病变特征、RT-PCR、基因测序、BLAST分析及动物回归试验等,成功分离出1株鸡包涵体肝炎病毒。进一步证明该病例是鸡包涵体肝炎病毒感染所致。     

FCV-VBS isolated from cats with typical symptoms caused VSD in experimental cats

Commercially available vaccines have been used widely to prevent feline calicivirus infection (FCI). However, with their widespread use, field strains, which are weakly cross-reactive with the live-virus vaccine strain F9, have posed the problem of vaccine breakdown. Recently the existence of FCV—associated virulent systemic disease (VSD) has been published. But their molecular diversity, antigenic mutations and physicochemical property have not been sufficiently clarified. Thus, we experimentally gave the vaccine breakdown strain (VBS) H10 to cats that had been inoculated with an F9 live vaccine. After the administration of strain H10, vaccinated cats (1 through 4) had no respiratory symptoms, whereas the non-vaccinated cat 5 showed clinical symptoms such as a fever of over 40°C, loss of vitality, decreased appetite, diarrhea, and nasal discharge after receiving strain H10, and died. Lethal FCV is rare, and may be a virulent systemic disease (VSD)—inducing strain. This is the initial report on VSD in Japan. It has been reported that symptoms of VSD were similar in vaccinated and nonvaccinated cats on experimental infection. However, no VSD-like symptoms developed, and the incidence of the disease varied depending on the presence or absence of vaccination, suggesting that there are two mechanisms of vaccine breakdown: one is associated with the vaccine immunity level, and the other is not. The characteristics of the VBS revealed were: (1) the duration of virus excretion was short when the originally carried antibody titer before virus challenge was high, (2) the excreted viral molecular species varied daily, not being limited to a specific species with time, and (3) the acquired physicochemical properties did not persist, and altered daily. FCV-VBS alters the molecular species and physicochemical properties daily due to the reduction of host immunity, which may lead to VSD.     

IBV AH1-99分离株N基因的克隆及序列分析

利用RT-PCR技术成功扩增出IBV AH1-99分离株的N基因全长cNDA,将其克隆到pMD18-T载体上。经酶切分析、PCR鉴定及核苷酸序列测定,成功获得该分离株N基因的重组质粒。序列分析结果表明,分离株N基因全长1 230个核苷酸,编码409个氨基酸。同部分IBV参考毒株相比,核苷酸同源性为85.8%~89.9%,氨基酸同源性为86.6%~91.0%,在进化关系树中,AH1-99与国内分离株X、LX4亲缘关系较近。     

用地高辛标记的核酸探针检测猪伪狂犬病毒野毒感染的研究

利用PCR技术从带有伪狂犬病毒（PRV）gE基因的重组质粒pMD18-T-gE中扩增回收约304bp大小的片段,并制备出地高辛标记的gE基因核酸探针。特异性检测结果表明,该探针能与重组质粒DNA发生特异性杂交,而与对照的PRVBartha-k61株疫苗毒DNA、猪细小病毒（PPV）DNA、猪圆环病毒（PCV）DNA、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRsV）cDNA、猪瘟病毒（CSFV）cDNA的杂交反应均为阴性;敏感性检测结果表明,该探针对PRV野毒的最低检出量为4pg。应用该探针对11份繁殖障碍病料进行了杂交检测,共检出4份阳性病料,该结果与PCR检测结果一致,表明该核酸探针可用于猪伪狂犬病野毒感染的临床诊断。     

小反刍兽疫疫苗毒株与强毒株的鉴别性荧光RT-PCR检测方法的建立

对GenBank已公布的小反刍兽疫病毒N基因序列进行分析,设计引物与探针,建立PPRV通用型与Ⅱ系疫苗毒特异型二重实时荧光RT-PCR方法,同时建立针对PPRVIV系强毒株的特异型荧光PCR方法。特异性试验和灵敏度试验表明：建立的二重荧光RT-PCR方法可特异性检测PPRV病毒,其HEX信号通道（通用型）和TAMRA信号通道（Ⅱ系疫苗毒特异型）的检测灵敏度分别可达10^1 TCID50/mL和10^2 TCID50／mL,完全满足PPRV的检测要求。用二重荧光RT-PCR方法对西藏采集的14份羊血清样品进行检测,并用建立的Ⅳ系强毒株特异型荧光PCR方法对二重荧光RT-PCR的检测效果进行评估,结果显示,该方法可有效甄别PPRV强毒株和疫苗毒株,避免假阳性结果的出现。     

乙型脑炎病毒贵州分离株E基因原核表达及其免疫原性的研究

收集某猪场1例发病种公猪的睾丸病料,处理后采用细胞培养与乳鼠脑内接毒相结合的方法盲传并结合RT-PCR方法分离鉴定,命名为乙型脑炎病毒(JEV)贵州分离株(GZ株),然后根据GenBank登录的日本乙型脑炎病毒SA14和SA14-14-2株全基因序列设计并合成1对扩增E基因的特异性引物,用RT-PCR方法扩增出JEV贵州分离株E基因,并将E基因克隆到pMD19-T载体上,构建重组质粒pMD19-T-E,经双酶切鉴定、测序及序列分析鉴定后,再将E基因亚克隆到pET-32a(+)原核表达载体上,成功构建乙脑病毒E基因原核表达质粒pET-32a-E,将构建好的原核表达质粒pET-32a-E转化至宿主菌BL21(DH3)中,诱导表达目的蛋白,表达产物经SDS-PAGE电泳和Western blot分析,得到了约59ku条带,与预期大小相符,进一步提取、纯化和浓缩目的蛋白,并将其加入弗氏佐剂后免疫小鼠,免疫后采血检测抗体。结果显示:乙型脑炎病毒贵州分离株E基因原核表达目的蛋白能诱导小鼠产生一定抗体水平,该研究为乙型脑炎亚单位疫苗的研究奠定了基础。