湖北五峰后河国家级自然保护区果子狸秋冬季栖息地选择

2006年6月～2007年3月,在湖北五峰后河国家级自然保护区内,应用选择系数、选择指数、判别分析,对果子狸在秋冬季节栖息地的选择和利用进行了初步研究。研究结果表明,秋季与冬季果子狸对栖息地的选择有差异性。秋季在低海拔地区有较多林木果实、藤本果实成熟,不需要消耗太多能量即可满足自身需要。冬季气温下降,果子狸较喜欢选择海拔较高的阳坡活动,以获取更多热量。     

贵阳市高尔夫俱乐部草坪基地建植与管理

通过贵阳市高尔夫球场草皮基地的建植和养护管理 ,从中总结了过渡气候带建植草坪应注意的一些问题。根据所建草坪的功能 ,选择相适应的草种应用于高尔夫球场。并对其适应性进行了研究     

草坪草引种观察与筛选

为满足绿化和水土保持对优良草坪草的需求，引进了草坪草种进行田间种植，并对其生物性状和抗逆性能进行观察，以从中筛选出优良的草坪草种。经过２年的观察，初步筛选出优良草坪草种－台湾草坪草；既可饲用、又可固土的优良草种－百喜草；饲用、草坪兼用的优良草种－早熟禾；饲用、草坪、固土多用型的优良草种－苇状羊茅。这几种草坪草种均具有绿化和水土保持作用。     

Genetic correlations for foal and studbook traits with racing traits and implications for selection strategies in the Finnhorse and Standardbred trotter

Genetic correlations for body measurements and conformation and functional traits in foals and studbook horses with racing traits were estimated in the Finnhorse and Standardbred. Genetic response and accuracy were estimated using records of animal, half‐sibs and parents in selection scenarios for racing traits, for foal and racing traits, for studbook and racing traits, and using records of animal, half‐sibs and parents for foal traits and racing traits of parents. Racing time and earnings were the breeding objective. Low‐to‐moderate genetic correlations for body measurements and racing traits indicated that selection favours bigger horses at all ages. Being mainly favourable for the breeding objective, genetic correlations for conformation and functional traits with racing traits were highest for the foal traits of type, trot and overall grade and for the studbook traits of character and movements. Genetic correlations for foal and studbook conformation with racing traits were low in the Finnhorse and moderate to high in the Standardbred. In foals, the highest genetic correlations were for trot with racing time (?0.54) and with earnings (0.52) in the Finnhorse, and for overall grade with racing time (?0.54) and with earnings (0.54) in the Standardbred. In studbook horses, genetic correlations were high for character with racing time and earnings in the Finnhorse (?0.68, 0.61) and in the Standardbred (?0.63, 0.70), and for movements with racing time and earnings in the Finnhorse (?0.70, 0.69) and in the Standardbred (?0.90, 0.88). To increase accuracy of conformation and functional traits, foal traits would be more useful in the index with racing traits, as being less preselected than studbook traits. The foal traits (type, trot, overall grade) having moderate heritability and genetic correlations with racing traits would be useful in multi‐trait index before a racing career, where the greatest gain is because of a shorter generation interval. It would be feasible to implement for AI stallions.     

优选高校教材的探讨

教材选用是高校教材建设的一项基础性工作，是提高教学质量的关键。本文结合高校教材选用工作的实践，探讨如何提高教材选用质量。     

北方牧区奶牛饲养品种的选择

作者主要从北方牧区的自然气候条件、生态类型、饲养管理水平出发，结合牛品种特点以及经济效益对比分析，得出北方牧区奶牛最佳饲养品种为对北方牧区的自然条件和饲养方式有较强适应性的地方培育兼用型品种中国西门塔尔牛和三河牛，并初步探讨了我国奶牛业的发展战略。     

中俄猪16个遗传标记基因位点的多态与繁殖性状的相关研究

检测了俄罗斯大白猪及萍乡华中二头乌猪１６个遗传标记基因位点的多态性,分析了二个猪种群体间在上述１６个基因位点上的遗传变异,探讨了所测遗传标记基因位点与种猪繁殖性状的相关性。同时,对两个猪种母猪体内抗红细胞抗原“天然抗体”的存在种类及效价与其繁殖性状的相关性进行了研究;     

Adaptive evolutionary expansion of the ribonuclease 6 in Rodentia

Ribonuclease 6 (RNase6 or RNase K6) is a protein that belongs to a superfamily thought to be the sole verte‐brate‐specific enzyme known for a wide range of physiological functions, including digestion, cytotoxicity, angiogenesis, male reproduction and host defense. In our study, 51 functional genes and 11 pseudogenes were identified from 27 Rodentia species. Intriguingly, in the 3 main lineages of rodents there were multiple RNase6s identified in all species of Ctenohystrica, whereas only a single RNase6 was observed in other Rodentia species examined except for 2 species in the mouse‐related clade. The evolutionary scenario of “birth (gene duplication) and death (gene deactivation)” and gene sorting have been demonstrated in Ctenohystrica. In addition, bursts of positive selection, diversification of isoelectric point and positive net charge have been identified in Ctenohystrica, especially at two key sites that are involved in antimicrobial function. Site Trp30 has undergone positive selection and Ile45 has changed into other residues in Group B and Group C of the Ctenohystrica. Our results demonstrated a complex and intriguing evolutionary pattern of rodent RNase6, and indicated that functional modification may have occurred, which establishes an important theoretical foundation for future functional assays in rodent RNase6.     

养殖(畜牧)领域专业学位研究生论文选题状况分析

养殖(畜牧)领域专业学位研究生论文选题具有广泛性、交叉性、应用性和创新性等特点,本文以甘肃农业大学2012-2016届75篇已授学位的学位论文选题为讨论对象,总结论文选题的经验和存在的问题,以期为今后该类研究生论文的选题和提高培养质量提供参考。     

Genetic variability following selection for scrapie resistance in six autochthonous sheep breeds in the province of Bolzano (northern Italy)

Scrapie is an ovine transmissible spongiform encephalopathy, and its susceptibility is associated with polymorphisms in the prion protein gene (PRNP). Genetic selection is currently the most effective mean for eradication of the susceptible VRQ allele in favour of resistant ARR allele. Maintenance of genetic diversity should be one of the major objectives in breeding programmes, especially in endangered breeds, and genetic information are an excellent alternative to pedigree data where these information are missing. The aim of our study was to determine changes of genetic variability in six native sheep breeds from autonomous province of Bolzano, northern Italy, following simulation of scrapie selection scenarios. A total of 684 rams were investigated for PRNP polymorphisms and for 10 microsatellite loci to estimate genetic variability. Across all loci, a total of 163 alleles were detected with a mean of 10.4 alleles per locus. Average observed (Ho) and unbiased expected (uHe) heterozygosity overall loci were 0.74 and 0.78, respectively, showing a statistically significant deviation from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) in all breeds. This heterozygosity deficit was confirmed by a positive fixation index (Fis), determining a moderate inbreeding in each breed. Simulating a soft selection, where only rams having at least a VRQ allele should be excluded from reproduction, Ho, uHe and Fis values remained almost unchanged, indicating that genetic variability should not be affected by the removal of these individuals. With a mild selection scenario, considering only rams with at least one ARR allele, we observed a decrease in the mean alleles per breed (8.9) and the maintenance of heterozygosity deficiency, except for two breeds, where it was any longer significant. These results showed that selection strategies allowing use of heterozygous as well homozygous ARR rams might be the right compromise to improve resistance to scrapie and to do not dramatically affect genetic variability of these breeds.